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如何将文件名循环到数组中或在其上运行自定义代码

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如何将文件名循环到数组中或在其上运行自定义代码

这是一篇问答帖子（不需要帮助，只是想帮助别人）。

最近处理了一些文件，在读取文件时遇到了困难

 #version1 (error on files with spaces)
 arrFiles[0]=0
 folderLocation="/home/thenok/.local/share/recent"
 for i in $(find "$folderLocation" ! -name "*~" -type f); do
  arrFiles[0]=$[arrFiles[0]+1]   arrFiles[arrFiles[0]]="$i" 
  echo arrFiles at pos ${arrFiles[0]} found ${arrFiles[arrFiles[0]]} 
 done

找到了一个（好的）解决方案：

 #version2 works (ok but the global variable change bothered me)
 IFS=$'\n'       # make newlines the only separator
 arrFiles[0]=0
 folderLocation="/home/thenok/.local/share/recent"
 for i in $(find "$folderLocation" ! -name "*~" -type f); do
  arrFiles[0]=$[arrFiles[0]+1]   arrFiles[arrFiles[0]]="$i" 
  echo arrFiles at pos ${arrFiles[0]} found ${arrFiles[arrFiles[0]]} 
 done

因为我不想改变 IFS 全局变量，所以我尝试在 find 中使用 exec 命令，但变量修改却是死路一条（没有版本 3 的代码，丢失了）

浏览了一下之后，我发现我们可以使用 read 来管道：

#version4 (horrible side effect of piping is that all variables altered between do and done do not last, maybe some people will like that)
arrFileNames[0]=0 
folderLocation="/home/thenok/.local/share/recent"
find "$folderLocation" ! -name "*~" -type f | while read i; do 
 arrFileNames[++arrFileNames[0]]=${i} ;
 echo arrFiles at pos ${arrFiles[0]} found ${arrFiles[arrFiles[0]]}
done

并成功让它发挥作用

#version5 works perfectly 
folderLocation="/home/thenok/.local/share/recent"
arrFileNames[0]=0 && while read i; do arrFileNames[++arrFileNames[0]]=${i} ; 
 #insert custom code
 echo arrFiles at pos ${arrFiles[0]} found ${arrFiles[arrFiles[0]]} 
 #end custom code
done < <( find "$folderLocation" ! -name "*~" -type f)

调试：

find "$folderLocation" ! -name "*~" -type f
#will show all files that match search location, '-type f' files not folders, '! -name "*~"' avoids backup files (usually created by office or text editors as a backup in case writing to disk failed)
#to search for a specific file name add '-name "*.pdf"' for all pdf files 
#for folder path add '-path "*/torrent/*"'
#add ! to match opposite '! -path "*/torrent/*" ! -name "*.pdf"' folder name must not contain folder called torrent and must not be a pdf
#for only current folder add ' -maxdepth 1' as first argument ie 'find  "$folderLocation" -maxdepth 1  ! -name "*~" -type f'

#for more complex conditions you can use '\(' '\)' '!' '-or' '-and'
find  "$folderLocation" -maxdepth 1  \(\( ! -name "*~" -or -path "*/torrent/*" \) -and \( -name "*~" -and ! -path "*/torrent/*" \)\) -type f'

答案1

如果你能确定你的文件名都不包含换行符，那么使用 bash 你可以这样写：

mapfile -t arrFiles < <(find "$folderLocation" ! -name "*~" -type f)

仅限 bash 的方法：

shopt -s globstar nullglob extglob
arrFiles=( **/!(*~) )

但这将包括目录。要过滤掉它们，你可以

arrFiles=()
for f in **/!(*~); do
    [[ -f $f ]] && arrFiles+=("$f")
done

检查数组：

declare -p arrFiles

答案2

希望人们发现它很有用，问答风格

版本 5 效果最好，但版本 2 效果也刚刚好。

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