我最近决定在我的 HP Envy 15 上安装 Ubuntu，它有一个双显卡解决方案，集成 HD 5500 和独立 GTX 950M，输出到 3200x1800 面板。启动时一切正常，但当它改变电源状态（即挂起）时，屏幕的下半部分开始疯狂闪烁。
dmesg | grep -i VGA
[ 3.013926] vgaarb: setting as boot device: PCI:0000:00:02.0
[ 3.013928] vgaarb: device added: PCI:0000:00:02.0,decodes=io+mem,owns=io+mem,locks=none
[ 3.013931] vgaarb: loaded
[ 3.013932] vgaarb: bridge control possible 0000:00:02.0
[ 3.579780] fb0: EFI VGA frame buffer device
[ 3.812165] fb: switching to inteldrmfb from EFI VGA
[ 3.812290] [drm] Replacing VGA console driver
[ 3.819308] vgaarb: device changed decodes: PCI:0000:00:02.0,olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=io+mem:owns=io+mem
[ 7.073169] bbswitch: Found integrated VGA device 0000:00:02.0: \_SB_.PCI0.GFX0
[ 7.073175] bbswitch: Found discrete VGA device 0000:04:00.0: \_SB_.PCI0.RP05.PXSX
lspci -k | grep nvidia
04:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 950M] (rev ff)
Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nvidia_340
lspci -k | grep VGA
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Broadwell-U Integrated Graphics (rev 09)
系统详细信息窗格报告正在使用“Intel® HD Graphics 5500 (Broadwell GT2)”，这意味着官方驱动程序也在使用中。我经历了大约 4 次全新安装（3 次 16.04 和 1 次 14.04）。我也尝试了几乎所有适用的 Nvidia 驱动程序版本（364、361、341、331、361-updates 等），但发生了两种情况之一。要么图形在启动时稳定，直到挂起，要么图形立即出现问题。目前，我还将 nouveau 列入了黑名单（不确定为什么它会出现在 lspci 上，但无论如何）
sudo lsmod
Module Size Used by
rfcomm 69632 0
bnep 20480 2
bbswitch 16384 0
arc4 16384 2
hp_wmi 16384 0
sparse_keymap 16384 1 hp_wmi
nls_iso8859_1 16384 1
intel_rapl 20480 0
iwlmvm 311296 0
x86_pkg_temp_thermal 16384 0
intel_powerclamp 16384 0
coretemp 16384 0
mac80211 737280 1 iwlmvm
kvm_intel 172032 0
kvm 536576 1 kvm_intel
irqbypass 16384 1 kvm
uvcvideo 90112 0
crct10dif_pclmul 16384 0
crc32_pclmul 16384 0
videobuf2_vmalloc 16384 1 uvcvideo
videobuf2_memops 16384 1 videobuf2_vmalloc
videobuf2_v4l2 28672 1 uvcvideo
iwlwifi 200704 1 iwlmvm
aesni_intel 167936 0
aes_x86_64 20480 1 aesni_intel
lrw 16384 1 aesni_intel
gf128mul 16384 1 lrw
glue_helper 16384 1 aesni_intel
ablk_helper 16384 1 aesni_intel
videobuf2_core 36864 2 uvcvideo,videobuf2_v4l2
cryptd 20480 2 aesni_intel,ablk_helper
v4l2_common 16384 1 videobuf2_v4l2
input_leds 16384 0
videodev 176128 4 uvcvideo,v4l2_common,videobuf2_core,videobuf2_v4l2
cfg80211 565248 3 iwlwifi,mac80211,iwlmvm
joydev 20480 0
serio_raw 16384 0
rtsx_pci_ms 20480 0
intel_pch_thermal 16384 0
memstick 20480 1 rtsx_pci_ms
lpc_ich 24576 0
media 24576 2 uvcvideo,videodev
mei_me 36864 0
snd_hda_codec_realtek 81920 1
shpchp 36864 0
snd_hda_codec_generic 77824 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek
btusb 45056 0
snd_hda_codec_hdmi 53248 1
btrtl 16384 1 btusb
btbcm 16384 1 btusb
btintel 16384 1 btusb
mei 98304 1 mei_me
bluetooth 520192 29 bnep,btbcm,btrtl,btusb,rfcomm,btintel
snd_soc_ssm4567 16384 0
snd_soc_rt286 36864 0
snd_soc_rl6347a 16384 1 snd_soc_rt286
snd_hda_intel 36864 5
snd_hda_codec 135168 4 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_intel
snd_soc_core 212992 2 snd_soc_ssm4567,snd_soc_rt286
snd_hda_core 73728 5 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel
snd_compress 20480 1 snd_soc_core
snd_hwdep 16384 1 snd_hda_codec
ac97_bus 16384 1 snd_soc_core
snd_pcm_dmaengine 16384 1 snd_soc_core
snd_seq_midi 16384 0
snd_seq_midi_event 16384 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_pcm 106496 7 snd_soc_core,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_soc_rt286 snd_pcm_dmaengine,snd_hda_core
int3403_thermal 16384 0
snd_rawmidi 32768 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_seq 69632 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi
snd_seq_device 16384 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi
snd_timer 32768 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq
snd 81920 23 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_soc_core,snd_hwdep,snd_timer,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_pcm,snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_seq_device,snd_compress
dw_dmac 16384 0
dw_dmac_core 24576 1 dw_dmac
i2c_designware_platform 16384 0
processor_thermal_device 16384 0
snd_soc_sst_acpi 16384 0
intel_soc_dts_iosf 16384 1 processor_thermal_device
soundcore 16384 1 snd
8250_dw 16384 0
hp_accel 28672 0
i2c_designware_core 20480 1 i2c_designware_platform
lis3lv02d 20480 1 hp_accel
spi_pxa2xx_platform 24576 0
int3402_thermal 16384 0
input_polldev 16384 1 lis3lv02d
int340x_thermal_zone 16384 3 int3402_thermal,processor_thermal_device,int3403_thermal
int3400_thermal 16384 0
acpi_thermal_rel 16384 1 int3400_thermal
wmi 20480 1 hp_wmi
hp_wireless 16384 0
acpi_pad 20480 0
mac_hid 16384 0
parport_pc 32768 0
ppdev 20480 0
lp 20480 0
parport 49152 3 lp,ppdev,parport_pc
autofs4 40960 2
rtsx_pci_sdmmc 24576 0
i915 1208320 5
i2c_algo_bit 16384 1 i915
psmouse 126976 0
drm_kms_helper 139264 1 i915
ahci 36864 3
syscopyarea 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
r8169 81920 0
sysfillrect 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
libahci 32768 1 ahci
sysimgblt 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
mii 16384 1 r8169
fb_sys_fops 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
rtsx_pci 53248 2 rtsx_pci_ms,rtsx_pci_sdmmc
drm 360448 6 i915,drm_kms_helper
sdhci_acpi 16384 0
video 40960 1 i915
sdhci 45056 1 sdhci_acpi
i2c_hid 20480 0
hid 118784 1 i2c_hid
fjes 28672 0
Bumblebee 还报告称独立卡未被使用。
我开始觉得这不是图形问题，而是与电源管理子系统有关的问题，但说实话，我现在还不确定任何事情。有时它还与活动有关，例如，如果我不触摸任何东西，它就不会闪烁。我也尝试过 Unity 的force-full redraws选项，但几乎没有任何作用。下面有一个链接，指向暂停后出现问题的视频。
谢谢你的帮助！