CUPS 支持的文件格式的完整列表是什么？ （即我可以直接提供哪些文件类型lpr而无需先转换它们？）
我一直在寻找答案，但没有找到任何具体的东西。我能找到的最好的是“CUPS 直接识别许多不同类型的文件，包括文本、PostScript、PDF 和图像文件。“但这仍然相当模糊；特别是它接受哪些图像文件格式？
谢谢！
答案1
CUPS 使用MIME数据库以确定它可以执行哪些文件转换。
数据库由*.convs和*.types文件组成。这两个都有手册页：
这cupsd 手册页将这些文件的位置列出为：
/usr/share/cups/mime/mime.convs/usr/share/cups/mime/mime.types
中通常还有额外的 *.convs 和 *.types 文件/usr/share/cups/mime/，cupsd 也使用这些文件。
在我的 Slackware 14.2 系统上，我得到以下信息：
$ grep -h "^[^#]" /usr/share/cups/mime/*.convs | sort
application/msword text/vnd.cups-brf 30 texttobrf
application/octet-stream application/vnd.cups-raw 0 -
application/pdf application/vnd.cups-pdf 66 pdftopdf
application/pdf text/vnd.cups-brf 100 texttobrf
application/pdf image/tiff 80 pstotiff
application/postscript application/vnd.cups-postscript 66 pstops
application/postscript application/pdf 0 pstopdf
application/postscript image/tiff 80 pstotiff
application/rtf text/vnd.cups-brf 30 texttobrf
application/vnd.adobe-reader-postscript application/vnd.cups-postscript 66 pstops
application/vnd.cups-pdf application/vnd.cups-postscript 100 pdftops
application/vnd.cups-pdf application/vnd.cups-raster 100 pdftoraster
application/vnd.cups-pdf application/vnd.cups-raster 99 gstoraster
application/vnd.cups-pdf image/tiff 80 pstotiff
application/vnd.cups-pdf-banner application/pdf 32 bannertopdf
application/vnd.cups-postscript application/vnd.cups-raster 175 gstoraster
application/vnd.cups-postscript image/tiff 80 pstotiff
application/vnd.cups-raster image/pwg-raster 100 rastertopwg
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document text/vnd.cups-brf 30 texttobrf
application/x-cshell text/plain 100 -
application/x-cshell application/pdf 32 texttopdf
application/x-csource text/plain 100 -
application/x-csource application/pdf 32 texttopdf
application/x-perl text/plain 100 -
application/x-perl application/pdf 32 texttopdf
application/x-shell text/plain 100 -
application/x-shell application/pdf 32 texttopdf
application/xhtml text/vnd.cups-brf 10 texttobrf
application/xml text/vnd.cups-brf 10 texttobrf
image/gif application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/gif application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/gif image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/gif image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/jpeg application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/jpeg application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/jpeg image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/jpeg image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/pcx image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/pcx image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/png application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/png application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/png image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/png image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/pwg-raster application/pdf 32 rastertopdf
image/svg image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/svg image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/tiff application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/tiff application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/tiff image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/tiff image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/urf application/pdf 0 urftopdf
image/vnd.microsoft.icon image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/vnd.microsoft.icon image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/x-bitmap application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-bitmap application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-ms-bmp image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/x-ms-bmp image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/x-photocd application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-photocd application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-portable-anymap application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-portable-anymap application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-portable-anymap image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/x-portable-anymap image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/x-portable-bitmap application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-portable-bitmap application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-portable-bitmap image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/x-portable-bitmap image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/x-portable-graymap application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-portable-graymap image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/x-portable-graymap image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/x-portable-graymap application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-portable-pixmap application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-portable-pixmap application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-portable-pixmap image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/x-portable-pixmap image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/x-sgi-rgb application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-sgi-rgb application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-sun-raster application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-sun-raster application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-xbitmap application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-xbitmap application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-xbitmap image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/x-xbitmap image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/x-xpixmap application/vnd.cups-raster 100 imagetoraster
image/x-xpixmap application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-xpixmap image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/x-xpixmap image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
image/x-xwindowdump application/vnd.cups-pdf 65 imagetopdf
image/x-xwindowdump image/vnd.cups-brf 70 imagetobrf
image/x-xwindowdump image/vnd.cups-ubrl 70 imagetoubrl
text/css text/plain 100 -
text/html text/plain 100 -
text/html application/pdf 32 texttopdf
text/html text/vnd.cups-brf 10 texttobrf
text/plain application/pdf 32 texttopdf
text/plain text/vnd.cups-brf 0 texttobrf
text/rtf text/vnd.cups-brf 30 texttobrf
cupsfilter您还可以通过直接调用文件和选项--list-filters（不会打印文件）来查看转换将使用哪些过滤器：
$ cupsfilter --list-filters foo.png
imagetoraster
rastertopwg
rastertopdf
（注意：我通过 设置了默认打印机lpoptions，因此我不必提供打印机名称。如果必须提供，您可以使用该cupsfilter选项将打印机名称传递给-d。）