昨晚我正在戴着耳机听音乐，我的笔记本电脑突然关机了...我重新打开它，发现扬声器不再工作了，这是我已经尝试过的办法：用在 ask Ubuntu 上的旧帖子中的所有不同方式关闭脉冲音频，卸载 alsa 并清除所有内容，重新安装并重新启动，但什么也没发生..耳机音频工作正常，蓝牙音频工作正常，是扬声器突然停止工作了。
输出如下pacmd list-sinks：
2 sink(s) available.
index: 0
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_01_00.1.hdmi-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: IDLE
suspend cause:
priority: 9050
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 39,08 ms
max request: 6 KiB
max rewind: 64 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 0
linked by: 1
configured latency: 40,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 371,52 ms
card: 0 <alsa_card.pci-0000_01_00.1>
module: 6
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "HDMI 0"
alsa.id = "HDMI 0"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "3"
alsa.card = "1"
alsa.card_name = "HDA NVidia"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA NVidia at 0xd3000000 irq 17"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:01:00.1"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card1"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "10de"
device.vendor.name = "NVIDIA Corporation"
device.product.id = "0be3"
device.product.name = "High Definition Audio Controller"
device.string = "hdmi:1"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "hdmi-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
device.description = "High Definition Audio Controller Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
alsa.mixer_name = "Nvidia GPU 0b HDMI/DP"
alsa.components = "HDA:10de000b,10de0101,00100200"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
active port: <hdmi-output-0>
* index: 2
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-surround-40>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: IDLE
suspend cause:
priority: 9959
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB, rear-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB, rear-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 39,93 ms
max request: 13 KiB
max rewind: 64 KiB
monitor source: 2
sample spec: s16le 4ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right,rear-left,rear-right
Surround 4.0
used by: 0
linked by: 1
configured latency: 40,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 185,76 ms
card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
module: 7
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "92HD75B3X5 Analog"
alsa.id = "92HD75B3X5 Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel MID"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel MID at 0xd7420000 irq 32"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "3b56"
device.product.name = "5 Series/3400 Series Chipset High Definition Audio"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "surround40:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-surround-40"
device.profile.description = "Analog Surround 4.0"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Surround 4.0"
alsa.mixer_name = "IDT 92HD75B3X5"
alsa.components = "HDA:111d7603,103c172b,00100202 HDA:11c11040,103c3066,00100200"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
active port: <analog-output-speaker>
注意索引 2 上的线路端口模拟输出扬声器：扬声器（优先级 10000，延迟偏移 0 微秒，可用：否）属性：device.icon_name =“audio-speakers”活动端口：“
我猜那些是笔记本电脑的扬声器，但是当尝试时：
pacmd set-card-profile 2 analog-output-speaker
我得到：
No card found by this name or index.
这是一张图片来自脉冲音频控制。
等等等等…
我的问题是，如何知道是否是硬件坏了？因为我尝试使用 Kali live usb 驱动器，但声音也不起作用，所以我认为硬件问题已经解决了！！
所以这非常非常奇怪。因为我对扬声器坏了的想法很不满意，所以我从头开始重新安装了 Ubuntu 16.04，擦除了整个磁盘，发现了同样的问题，但我仍然不满意，所以我继续在 30GB 分区中安装 Windows 7，猜猜“它们能用”... 是的，让我重复一遍，出于某种原因，扬声器在 Linux 上不能用，但在 Windows 上可以，这让我很高兴，因为它们没有坏。所以我最好的猜测是，找出扬声器是否坏了的最好方法是安装 Windows，看看它们是否仍然不能在那里工作。
另一方面，我安装了一个全新的系统，没有扬声器声音，是否可以确定要提出另一个问题？
答案1
经过一个月的尝试、乱七八糟的事情、删除操作系统、重新安装并重新尝试；我找到了问题的解决方案：我在 Synaptic 中安装了 alsa-tools 和 alsa-tools-gui，安装后的几个应用程序中有一个调用 HDAjackRetask，在那里我将两个耳机选项覆盖为“未连接”和“安装覆盖机器人”*（这使它永久生效，重新启动，Speackers 就可以工作了！现在。我不明白这个功能是如何工作的..它是如何影响耳机插孔的，或者只是发布我如何修复它！！！...