我正在尝试安装libmemcached-dev对于 php，我遇到了一个错误：
E：dpkg 中断，您必须手动运行“sudo dpkg --configure -a”来解决问题。
然后我输入了sudo dpkg --configure -a，第一次尝试时它给出了一个内部错误并要求报告。然后我又试了一次（3-4 次）：sudo dpkg --configure -a，我的笔记本电脑总是挂起。在它完全没有反应之前，幸运的是打印屏幕工作正常，下面是文本：
[sudo] password for japjap:
E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem.
japjap@laptop:~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up linux-image-4.4.0-47-generic (4.4.0-47.68) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
initrd.img(/boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-47-generic
) points to /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-47-generic
(/boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-47-generic) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-4.4.0-47-generic.postinst line 491.
vmlinuz(/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic
) points to /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic
(/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-4.4.0-47-generic.postinst line 491.
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.4.0-47-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-47-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-47-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 4.4.0-47-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/unattended-upgrades 4.4.0-47-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 4.4.0-47-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 4.4.0-47-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-47-generic
有人能帮我解决这个问题吗？我无法安装任何东西。
我的前 20 行/etc/default/grub
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
# info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"
# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console
更新：
df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 946M 0 946M 0% /dev
tmpfs 194M 6.2M 187M 4% /run
/dev/sda1 228G 8.9G 207G 5% /
tmpfs 966M 536K 965M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 966M 0 966M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 194M 64K 193M 1% /run/user/1000
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 232.9G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 231G 0 part /
├─sda2 8:2 0 1K 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 2G 0 part [SWAP]
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="6416ac0d-4822-47aa-9035-a3fadf5033b2" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="118168b7-01"
/dev/sda5: UUID="437c42c7-26b8-4fb9-8fd7-10267ba9276a" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="118168b7-05"
cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sdb1 during installation
UUID=6416ac0d-4822-47aa-9035-a3fadf5033b2 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sdb5 during installation
UUID=437c42c7-26b8-4fb9-8fd7-10267ba9276a none swap sw 0 0
更新：
free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1976820 860788 80364 140768 1035668 766212
Swap: 2024444 2508 2021936
sudo apt-get autoclean
[sudo] password for japjap:
E: Could not get lock /var/cache/apt/archives/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)
E: Unable to lock the download directory
答案1
您遇到了驱动程序问题。
使用 grub 选项启动nomodeset。
要执行此操作Grub 菜单点击e选项ubuntu。然后将nomodeset参数添加到显示以下内容的行quiet splash。编辑后点击F10启动。
然后编辑/etc/default/grub文件并将此参数添加到启动默认值。
更改自：
# 有关此文件中选项的完整文档，请参阅： # info -f grub -n ‘简单配置’ GRUB_DEFAULT="已保存" GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT="true" #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT="0" GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET="true" GRUB_TIMEOUT="10" GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT="$GRUB_TIMEOUT" GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="安静的启动"
改成：
# 有关此文件中选项的完整文档，请参阅： # info -f grub -n ‘简单配置’ GRUB_DEFAULT="已保存" GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT="true" #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT="0" GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET="true" GRUB_TIMEOUT="10" GRUB_RECORDFAIL_TIMEOUT="$GRUB_TIMEOUT" GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="安静启动无模式设置"
唯一需要关注的行是用粗体突出显示的行。
编辑器示例
使用您喜欢的编辑器来编辑文件。以下是编辑文件的示例：
$ sudo nano /etc/default/grub
或者
$ sudo pksudo gedit /etc/default/grub
进行更改后，请grub使用以下命令更新：
$ sudo update-grub
$ sudo update-grub
这将解决您的笔记本电脑的锁定问题（由于硬件和驱动程序冲突）并允许您完成sudo dpkg --configure -a遇到问题的命令。
答案2
看起来软件更新失败了，导致您只更新了部分内容。我们会尝试以最快捷的方式修复此问题...
从 Unity 仪表板启动Synaptic。转到edit菜单并选择Fix broken packages。退出 Synaptic。
更新：如果您无法使用 Synaptic，请执行以下操作：
- 启动系统并进入
GRUB菜单 - 选择
Advanced Options - 选择
Recovery mode - 选择
dpkg - fix broken packages - 返回菜单后，选择
root access - 类型
reboot - 重新启动后，打开终端，输入
sudo dpkg --configure -a - 无论步骤 7 是否有效，请执行下面的命令 1-5
从 Unity 仪表板启动terminal。逐个输入以下命令（最好使用复制和粘贴）：
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -f install
sudo apt-get upgrade