在进行发布升级（14.04 -> 16.04）后出现了一个奇怪的声音问题：升级后，通过 HDMI/pulseaudio 的声音输出（以前工作正常）工作不稳定：有时根本没有声音，即使 pavucontrol 面板显示输出级别好像一切正常（如果我选择/配置 HDMI 输出并使用 mplayer 播放任何内容，它会显示音量条弹跳，但扬声器没有声音）。
有时重新启动后，无需更改任何声音设置，声音实际上来自 HDMI 输出！现在，我听不到 HDMI 输出的任何声音，但 pavucontronl 看起来像这样： pavucontrol 播放 mp3 文件的屏幕截图
这是 pacmd list-sinks 的输出，当我尝试播放同一个文件时，实际上还没有产生声音……
pacmd list-sinks
1 sink(s) available.
* index: 15
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_03.0.hdmi-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause:
priority: 9950
volume: front-left: 62850 / 96% / -1,09 dB, front-right: 62850 / 96% / -1,09 dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 178,02 ms
max request: 36 KiB
max rewind: 64 KiB
monitor source: 17
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stéréo
used by: 1
linked by: 1
configured latency: 210,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 371,52 ms
card: 0 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_03.0>
module: 2
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "HDMI 0"
alsa.id = "HDMI 0"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "3"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel HDMI"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel HDMI at 0xaa134000 irq 49"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:03.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:03.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "160c"
device.product.name = "Broadwell-U Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "hdmi:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "hdmi-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
device.description = "Audio interne Digital Stereo (HDMI)"
alsa.mixer_name = "Intel Broadwell HDMI"
alsa.components = "HDA:80862808,80860101,00100000"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
device.product.name = "PLB2403WS"
active port: <hdmi-output-0>
我检查了 HDMI 电缆，尝试在同一个 HDMI 显示器上使用另一个 HDMI 源：肯定不是硬件 pb。到目前为止，使用模拟输出没有遇到这样的问题。
我读此主题并尝试应用相同的方法（使用 hdmi 相关设备进行扬声器测试不会产生任何声音，与模拟（PCH）设备配合良好），因此它似乎不是默认采样率 pb。
虽然 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 已加载，但它看起来更像是一个较低级别的 hdmi 模块问题，而我却卡在那里，只能猜测。欢迎提出任何想法！:-)