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sudo apt-get（某物）不起作用

tag-icon • tag-icon apt xubuntu dependencies
sudo apt-get（某物）不起作用

当我尝试下载某些东西时，我会使用

 sudo apt-get install/upgrade (package)

但是，这会给我错误消息：

$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
google-chrome-stable : Depends: libpango1.0-0 (>= 1.14.0) but it is not installed
                       Depends: libappindicator1 but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.

因此，我尝试使用-f。

sudo apt-get -f install (package)

并且仍然有错误信息。

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
0ad : Depends: 0ad-data (>= 0.0.20) but it is not going to be nstalled
      Depends: 0ad-data (<= 0.0.20-1) but it is not going to be installed
      Depends: 0ad-data-common (>= 0.0.20) but it is not going to be installed
      Depends: 0ad-data-common (<= 0.0.20-1) but it is not going to be installed
      Depends: libenet7 but it is not going to be installed
      Depends: libgloox13v5 but it is not going to be installed
      Depends: libnvtt2 but it is not going to be installed
      Depends: libopenal1 (>= 1.14) but it is not going to be installed
      Depends: libsdl2-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.4) but it is not going to be installed
      Depends: libwxbase3.0-0v5 (>= 3.0.2+dfsg) but it is not going to be installed
      Depends: libwxgtk3.0-0v5 (>= 3.0.2+dfsg) but it is not going to be installed
google-chrome-stable : Depends: libpango1.0-0 (>= 1.14.0) but it is not going to be installed
                       Depends: libappindicator1 but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

我怎样才能解决这个问题？

答案1

好吧，这是依赖混乱的典型案例。

首先，去你的软件源应用程序并确保main、universe和multiverse（可选）都已启用。

然后，返回到您的终端并运行以下命令来刷新您的包缓存：

sudo apt update

使用这些命令正如下面所示升级你的系统并清理依赖混乱：

sudo apt -f install
sudo apt full-upgrade
sudo apt -f install

如果这仍然不起作用，我们将不得不求助于其他工具，即aptitude。由于您的apt已损坏，我们将不得不手动安装它。访问这一页并选择最合适的版本aptitude并下载。这可能是xenial amd64，但请检查您的系统。

aptitude然后，运行以下命令在您的系统上安装：

sudo dpkg -i <whatever you downloaded>.deb

然后运行：

sudo aptitude -f

Aptitude 的依赖解析/修复系统是轻微地比 Apt 更复杂，因此更有可能解决您可能遇到的任何问题。

答案2

我刚刚找到了解决这个问题的方法。我必须打开终端并输入

sudo dpkg --configure -a

dpkg 中曾出现过中断，这解决了问题。

答案3

sudo apt-get install/upgrade (package)不是一个合法的命令。您可以通过输入以下内容来安装新软件包：

sudo apt-get install vlc #Where vlc is the name of the pkg you want to install

您可以通过输入以下命令进行升级：

sudo apt-get update # updates the repositoty packages
sudo apt-get upgrade vlc # upgrades the VLC package to the latest version.

在您的升级示例中，您发布了缺少依赖项的列表。解决此问题的最简单方法是卸载软件包（在您的示例中为 google-chrome-stable）并重新安装。显然，它之前安装不正确。

您还可以通过键入以下内容逐步解决依赖性问题：

sudo apt-get install libpango1*
sudo apt-get install libappindicator1*
etc.

我建议阅读 apt-get 手册页：

man apt
man apt-get

对于大多数常用软件包，最好使用“Ubuntu 软件”功能来安装和升级软件包（例如 chrome）。这将确保所有依赖项与所需软件包一起安装。

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