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问题

问题

我正在尝试使用运行 FreeBSD 12-CURRENT 的计算机连接到开放 WiFi。


通常，wifi-start.sh只要我想连接到互联网，我就会运行（见下文）。它适用于 WPA 网络，但我在使用开放网络时遇到很多问题。能够dhclient连接到已设置的开放网络/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf，并通过 DHCP 接收 IP 地址。然而，后来我无法到达强制门户进行登录。

有时打开就足够了http://neverssl.com在浏览器中，但它并不总是有效。

设置

  • /boot/loader.conf：

    if_iwm_load="YES"
iwm3160fw_load="YES"

  • /etc/rc.conf

    local_unbound_enable="YES"

  • /etc/resolvconf.conf

    # This file was generated by local-unbound-setup.
# Modifications will be overwritten.
resolv_conf="/dev/null" # prevent updating /etc/resolv.conf
unbound_conf="/var/unbound/forward.conf"
unbound_pid="/var/run/local_unbound.pid"
unbound_service="local_unbound"
unbound_restart="service local_unbound reload"

  • /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf：

    ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
ctrl_interface_group=wheel
network={
ssid="Open Network"
key_mgmt=NONE
}

  • wifi-start.sh：

    wlandev="${wlandev:-${1:-wlan0}}"
device="${device:-${2:-iwm0}}"

if ! ifconfig "$wlandev" 1>&2 2>/dev/null; then
    sudo ifconfig "$wlandev" create wlandev "$device"
else
    sudo service netif restart
fi

sudo ifconfig "$wlandev" up
sudo wpa_supplicant -B -i "$wlandev" -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
sudo dhclient "$wlandev"

    我用来配置设备并连接到网络的脚本

细节

  1. 在 Ubuntu 和 macOS 上的设置很简单，因此：

    1. 很可能不是路由器的问题
    2. 应该可以正确配置 FreeBSD。

  2. Wi-Fi 设备是 Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 3160，因此我使用 iwm(4) 驱动程序。

  3. xconsole 中的错误

    这是我运行后在控制台中遇到的错误wifi-start.sh-dhclient然后放弃了。我第二次运行脚本时dhclient成功获得了地址，并且xconsole.

    然而，它可能与这个问题无关。

    Ethernet address: 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66
iwm_auth: failed to set multicast
iwm_newstate: could not move to auth state: 35
dumping device error log
Start Error Log Dump:
Status: 0x3, count: 6
0x0000090A | ADVANCED_SYSASSERT
080000B0 | trm_hw_status0
00000000 | trm_hw_status1
00000B30 | branchlink2
000148E0 | interruptlink1
00000000 | interruptlink2
DEADBEEF | data1
DEADBEEF | data2
DEADBEEF | data3
001CA815 | beacon time
002362E3 | tsf low
00000000 | tsf hi
00000000 | time gp1
002362E4 | time gp2
00000000 | uCode revision type
00000011 | uCode version major
000561E2 | uCode version minor
00000164 | hw version
00809004 | board version
0000001C | hcmd
00022002 | isr0
00000000 | isr1
00000002 | isr2
00417C81 | isr3
00000000 | isr4
00004110 | last cmd Id
00000000 | wait_event
00000080 | l2p_control
00450020 | l2p_duration
0000003F | l2p_mhvalid
00000000 | l2p_addr_match
00000007 | lmpm_pmg_sel
15061432 | timestamp
00003038 | flow_handler
driver status:
  tx ring  0: qid=0  cur=1   queued=1
  tx ring  1: qid=1  cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring  2: qid=2  cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring  3: qid=3  cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring  4: qid=4  cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring  5: qid=5  cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring  6: qid=6  cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring  7: qid=7  cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring  8: qid=8  cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring  9: qid=9  cur=33  queued=1
  tx ring 10: qid=10 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 11: qid=11 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 12: qid=12 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 13: qid=13 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 14: qid=14 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 15: qid=15 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 16: qid=16 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 17: qid=17 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 18: qid=18 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 19: qid=19 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 20: qid=20 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 21: qid=21 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 22: qid=22 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 23: qid=23 cur=0   queued=0
  tx ring 24: qid=24 cur=0   iwm_newstate: Failed to remove station: 35
iwm_mvm_mac_ctxt_changed: called; uploaded = 0
iwm_newstate: Failed to change mac context: 5
iwm_newstate: Failed to remove channel ctx: 22
iwm_newstate: failed to update power management

  4. ifconfig -v wlan0

    这是结果ifconfig -v wlan0：

    wlan0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500
        ether 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66
        hwaddr 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66
        inet6 fe80::36e6:adff:fe16:bf66%wlan0 prefixlen 64 tentative scopeid 0x2
        inet 10.1.2.41 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 10.1.2.255
        nd6 options=29<PERFORMNUD,IFDISABLED,AUTO_LINKLOCAL>
        media: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet OFDM/54Mbps mode 11g
        status: associated
        ssid "Open Network" channel 11 (2462 MHz 11g) bssid 4e:5e:0c:eb:8e:ad
        regdomain FCC country US anywhere -ecm authmode OPEN -wps -tsn
        privacy OFF deftxkey UNDEF powersavemode OFF powersavesleep 100
        txpower 30 txpowmax 50.0 -dotd rtsthreshold 2346 fragthreshold 2346
        bmiss 10
        11a     ucast NONE    mgmt  6 Mb/s mcast  6 Mb/s maxretry 6
        11b     ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
        11g     ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
        turboA  ucast NONE    mgmt  6 Mb/s mcast  6 Mb/s maxretry 6
        turboG  ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
        sturbo  ucast NONE    mgmt  6 Mb/s mcast  6 Mb/s maxretry 6
        11na    ucast NONE    mgmt 12 MCS  mcast 12 MCS  maxretry 6
        11ng    ucast NONE    mgmt  2 MCS  mcast  2 MCS  maxretry 6
        half    ucast NONE    mgmt  3 Mb/s mcast  3 Mb/s maxretry 6
        quarter ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
        11acg   ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
        11ac    ucast NONE    mgmt  6 Mb/s mcast  6 Mb/s maxretry 6
        scanvalid 60 -bgscan bgscanintvl 300 bgscanidle 250
        roam:11a     rssi    7dBm rate 12 Mb/s
        roam:11b     rssi    7dBm rate  1 Mb/s
        roam:11g     rssi    7dBm rate  5 Mb/s
        roam:turboA  rssi    7dBm rate 12 Mb/s
        roam:turboG  rssi    7dBm rate 12 Mb/s
        roam:sturbo  rssi    7dBm rate 12 Mb/s
        roam:11na    rssi    7dBm  MCS  1
        roam:11ng    rssi    7dBm  MCS  1
        roam:half    rssi    7dBm rate  6 Mb/s
        roam:quarter rssi    7dBm rate  3 Mb/s
        roam:11acg   rssi    7dBm rate 64 Mb/s
        roam:11ac    rssi    7dBm rate 64 Mb/s
        -pureg protmode CTS -ht -htcompat -ampdu ampdulimit 64k
        ampdudensity NA -amsdu -shortgi htprotmode RTSCTS -puren -smps -rifs
        -stbc -ldpc -vht -vht40 -vht80 -vht80p80 -vht160 wme -burst -dwds
        roaming MANUAL bintval 100
        AC_BE cwmin  4 cwmax 10 aifs  3 txopLimit   0 -acm ack
              cwmin  4 cwmax 10 aifs  3 txopLimit   0 -acm
        AC_BK cwmin  4 cwmax 10 aifs  7 txopLimit   0 -acm ack
              cwmin  4 cwmax 10 aifs  7 txopLimit   0 -acm
        AC_VI cwmin  3 cwmax  4 aifs  2 txopLimit  94 -acm ack
              cwmin  3 cwmax  4 aifs  2 txopLimit  94 -acm
        AC_VO cwmin  2 cwmax  3 aifs  2 txopLimit  47 -acm ack
              cwmin  2 cwmax  3 aifs  2 txopLimit  47 -acm
        groups: wlan

  5. http://neverssl.comXML

    另外，我收到了来自的有趣的 XML 响应http://neverssl.com当我执行以下步骤时：

    • 连接到开放网络（dhclient成功收到地址）。
    • 尝试打开http://neverssl.com。它只是在尝试加载时挂起了。
    • 重新连接到其他实际可用的 Wi-Fi。
    • 看着那（这http://neverssl.com选项卡并看到以下内容：

    该 XML 文件似乎没有任何与之关联的样式信息。文档树如下所示。

     -<Error>
    <Code>AccessDenied</Code>
    <Message>Access Denied</Message>
    <RequestId>3FD41663CABFE8CD</RequestId>
   -<HostId>
      dsczv0lxKSFmBneOVS5nm5Ru5D3Br1bCRCqqj25WZVb1BzKI9McRR+djm9IrmgXHVIk/mdUCvfM=
    </HostId>
  </Error>

  6. 调整 /etc/resolv.conf

    有人建议我应该设置/etc/resolv.conf然后运行resolvconf -i​​和resolvconf -l。结果如下：

    • /var/db/dhclient.leases.wlan0 内部：

      lease {
  interface "wlan0";
  fixed-address 10.1.236.56;
  next-server 10.1.236.1;
  option subnet-mask 255.255.255.255;
  option routers 10.1.236.1;
  option domain-name-servers 10.1.236.1,194.204.159.1;
  option dhcp-lease-time 900;
  option dhcp-message-type 5;
  option dhcp-server-identifier 10.1.236.1;
  renew 5 2017/7/7 16:10:15;
  rebind 5 2017/7/7 16:15:49;
  expire 5 2017/7/7 16:17:45;
}

    • 输出dhclient wlan0：

      wlan0: no link .... got link
DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPACK from 10.1.236.1
bound to 10.1.236.56 -- renewal in 450 seconds.

    • 添加nameserver 10.1.236.1似乎/etc/resolv.conf并没有改变任何东西。

    • 输出resolvconf -i：

      wlan0

    • 输出resolvconf -l：

      # resolv.conf from wlan0
nameserver 10.1.236.1
nameserver 194.204.159.1

    • 我在任何时候都无法打开http://neverssl.com或者http://google.pl。我也无法重定向到强制门户。

    • 的结果ifconfig -v wlan0：

      wlan0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> metric 0 mtu 1500
    ether 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66
    hwaddr 34:e6:ad:16:bf:66
    inet6 fe80::36e6:adff:fe16:bf66%wlan0 prefixlen 64 tentative scopeid 0x2
    inet 10.1.236.56 netmask 0xffffffff broadcast 10.1.236.56
    nd6 options=29<PERFORMNUD,IFDISABLED,AUTO_LINKLOCAL>
    media: IEEE 802.11 Wireless Ethernet OFDM/36Mbps mode 11g
    status: associated
    ssid "Open Hotspot" channel 6 (2437 MHz 11g) bssid 9c:1c:12:0b:10:73
    regdomain FCC country US anywhere -ecm authmode OPEN -wps -tsn
    privacy OFF deftxkey UNDEF powersavemode OFF powersavesleep 100
    txpower 30 txpowmax 50.0 -dotd rtsthreshold 2346 fragthreshold 2346
    bmiss 10
    11a     ucast NONE    mgmt  6 Mb/s mcast  6 Mb/s maxretry 6
    11b     ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
    11g     ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
    turboA  ucast NONE    mgmt  6 Mb/s mcast  6 Mb/s maxretry 6
    turboG  ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
    sturbo  ucast NONE    mgmt  6 Mb/s mcast  6 Mb/s maxretry 6
    11na    ucast NONE    mgmt 12 MCS  mcast 12 MCS  maxretry 6
    11ng    ucast NONE    mgmt  2 MCS  mcast  2 MCS  maxretry 6
    half    ucast NONE    mgmt  3 Mb/s mcast  3 Mb/s maxretry 6
    quarter ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
    11acg   ucast NONE    mgmt  1 Mb/s mcast  1 Mb/s maxretry 6
    11ac    ucast NONE    mgmt  6 Mb/s mcast  6 Mb/s maxretry 6
    scanvalid 60 -bgscan bgscanintvl 300 bgscanidle 250
    roam:11a     rssi    7dBm rate 12 Mb/s
    roam:11b     rssi    7dBm rate  1 Mb/s
    roam:11g     rssi    7dBm rate  5 Mb/s
    roam:turboA  rssi    7dBm rate 12 Mb/s
    roam:turboG  rssi    7dBm rate 12 Mb/s
    roam:sturbo  rssi    7dBm rate 12 Mb/s
    roam:11na    rssi    7dBm  MCS  1
    roam:11ng    rssi    7dBm  MCS  1
    roam:half    rssi    7dBm rate  6 Mb/s
    roam:quarter rssi    7dBm rate  3 Mb/s
    roam:11acg   rssi    7dBm rate 64 Mb/s
    roam:11ac    rssi    7dBm rate 64 Mb/s
    -pureg protmode CTS -ht -htcompat -ampdu ampdulimit 8k
    ampdudensity NA -amsdu -shortgi htprotmode RTSCTS -puren -smps -rifs
    -stbc -ldpc -vht -vht40 -vht80 -vht80p80 -vht160 wme -burst -dwds
    roaming MANUAL bintval 100
    AC_BE cwmin  4 cwmax 10 aifs  3 txopLimit   0 -acm ack
          cwmin  4 cwmax 10 aifs  3 txopLimit   0 -acm
    AC_BK cwmin  4 cwmax 10 aifs  7 txopLimit   0 -acm ack
          cwmin  4 cwmax 10 aifs  7 txopLimit   0 -acm
    AC_VI cwmin  3 cwmax  4 aifs  2 txopLimit  94 -acm ack
          cwmin  3 cwmax  4 aifs  2 txopLimit  94 -acm
    AC_VO cwmin  2 cwmax  3 aifs  2 txopLimit  47 -acm ack
          cwmin  2 cwmax  3 aifs  2 txopLimit  47 -acm
    groups: wlan

      • 还echo nameserver 10.1.236.1 | resolvconf -a wlan0返回：

        cp: /dev/null.bak: Operation not supported

参考文献和注释

  • /var/db/dhclient.leases.wlan* 文件可能存储有趣的信息。
  • /etc/resolv.conf 为空。

答案1

尝试打开任何建立 wifi 连接后，在 FireFox 中访问该站点。它将打开强制门户； Firefox 了解所涉及的协议并将向您显示身份验证页面。

从那时起，在正确进行身份验证后，您将可以像往常一样访问强制门户背后的服务。

您必须使用 DHCP 提供的 DNS 服务器，而不是 8.8.8.8。

它适用于我的 FON 强制门户。

答案2

解释

问题出/etc/resolvconf.conf在安装过程中自动生成的配置上。

原来是因为设置的原因local_unbound_enable="YES"，FreeBSD添加了

resolv_conf="/dev/null" # prevent updating /etc/resolv.conf

到/etc/resolvconf.conf，这阻止了 的修改/etc/resolv.conf。因此，我的系统似乎总是将 DNS 查询发送到根之一，而不是热点提供的 DNS 服务器。

解决方案

  1. resolv_conf="/dev/null"从......中去除/etc/resolvconf.conf。

    系统自动回落到/etc/resolv.conf那时。

  2. local_unbound_enable="YES"从......中去除/etc/rc.conf。

  3. （可选）运行service local_unbound stop.

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