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dmesg | grep 微码

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dmesg | grep 微码

我正在使用 Lubuntu 16.04，我喜欢这个 SO，但我感觉我的系统运行不正常。我的处理器是 Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU N2930 @ 1.83GHz 我更新了我的 BIOS，我的系统运行得更好（主板：X451MA），但不是很好。

我认为那是我的显卡驱动程序。因为当我尝试播放视频时，它会冻结，然后从视频停止的点开始，而且重现效果不太好。即使我尝试观看 720p 视频，质量也不好。

我做了一些测试，结果如下：

$ lspci

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series SoC Transaction Register (rev 0e)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series Graphics & Display (rev 0e)
00:13.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Atom Processor E3800 Series SATA AHCI Controller (rev 0e)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx, Celeron N2000 Series USB xHCI (rev 0e)
00:1a.0 Encryption controller: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series Trusted Execution Engine (rev 0e)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series High Definition Audio Controller (rev 0e)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Atom Processor E3800 Series PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev 0e)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Atom Processor E3800 Series PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev 0e)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Atom Processor E3800 Series PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev 0e)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series Power Control Unit (rev 0e)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Atom Processor E3800 Series SMBus Controller (rev 0e)
02:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01)
03:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5286 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01)
03:00.2 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101/2/6E PCI Express Fast/Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06)

我需要下载这个微码吗？如何安装它？ https://downloadcenter.intel.com/pt-br/download/26925/Arquivo-de-dados-de-micro-c-digo-de-processador-para-Linux-?product=81073

dmesg | grep 微码

[    1.828507] microcode: sig=0x30678, pf=0x8, revision=0x829
[    1.828744] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.2.
[ 4968.068075] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:30678 TIME 1501257529 SOCKET 0 APIC 0 microcode 829
[ 4968.068120] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:30678 TIME 1501257529 SOCKET 0 APIC 2 microcode 829
[ 4968.068161] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:30678 TIME 1501257529 SOCKET 0 APIC 4 microcode 829
[ 4968.068207] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:30678 TIME 1501257529 SOCKET 0 APIC 6 microcode 829
[ 4968.152606] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:30678 TIME 1501257529 SOCKET 0 APIC 0 microcode 829
[ 4968.152655] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:30678 TIME 1501257529 SOCKET 0 APIC 2 microcode 829
[ 4968.152697] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:30678 TIME 1501257529 SOCKET 0 APIC 4 microcode 829
[ 4968.152738] mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:30678 TIME 1501257529 SOCKET 0 APIC 6 microcode 829

我认为我的显卡有问题，英特尔显卡与我的硬件不兼容。

modinfo Intel Corporation Atom 处理器 Z36xxx/Z37xxx 系列图形和显示：

[1] 2418
modinfo: ERROR: Module Intel not found.
modinfo: ERROR: Module Corporation not found.
modinfo: ERROR: Module Atom not found.
modinfo: ERROR: Module Processor not found.
modinfo: ERROR: Module Z36xxx/Z37xxx not found.
modinfo: ERROR: Module Series not found.
modinfo: ERROR: Module Graphics not found.
Comando 'Display' não encontrado, você quis dizer:
 Comando 'display' do pacote 'graphicsmagick-imagemagick-compat' (universe)
 Comando 'display' do pacote 'imagemagick' (main)
Display: comando não encontrado
[1]+  Fim da execução com status 1      modinfo Intel Corporation Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series Graphics

dmesg | egrep -i'失败|错误|警告'

[    0.000000] ACPI BIOS Warning (bug): 32/64X length mismatch in FADT/Gpe0Block: 128/32 (20160422/tbfadt-624)
[    0.228496] acpi PNP0A08:00: _OSC failed (AE_ERROR); disabling ASPM
[    8.727154] EXT4-fs (sda5): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro

grep EE /var/log/Xorg.0.log

(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.

更多信息

System:    Host: leandrort-X451MA Kernel: 4.10.0-28-generic i686 (32 bit)
           Desktop: LXDE (Openbox 3.6.1) Distro: Ubuntu 16.04 xenial
Machine:   System: ASUSTeK (portable) product: X451MA v: 1.0
           Mobo: ASUSTeK model: X451MA v: 1.0
           Bios: American Megatrends v: X451MA.216 date: 04/10/2015
CPU:       Quad core Intel Celeron N2930 (-MCP-) speed/max: 499/2165 MHz
Graphics:  Card: Intel Atom Processor Z36xxx/Z37xxx Series Graphics & Display
           Display Server: X.Org 1.18.4 drivers: vesa (unloaded: fbdev)
           Resolution: [email protected]
           GLX Renderer: Gallium 0.4 on llvmpipe (LLVM 3.8, 128 bits)
           GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 12.0.6
Network:   Card-1: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter
           driver: ath9k
           Card-2: Realtek RTL8101/2/6E PCI Express Fast/Gigabit Ethernet controller
           driver: r8169
Drives:    HDD Total Size: 500.1GB (1.4% used)
Info:      Processes: 165 Uptime: 21 min Memory: 704.4/3928.0MB
           Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35

就这些了。希望你们能帮助我，谢谢！

你好@heynnema，这是结果，谢谢。

免费-h

              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           3,8G        1,0G        2,0G         50M        850M        2,4G
Swap:          3,9G          0B        3,9G

swapon-s

Filename                Type        Size    Used    Priority
/dev/sda6                               partition   4076540 0   -1

sudo fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 465,8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xfdecba05

Dispositivo Inicializar     Start       End   Sectors   Size Id Tipo
/dev/sda1   *                2048   1026047   1024000   500M  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2                 1026048 510808063 509782016 243,1G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3               510810110 976771071 465960962 222,2G  5 Extended
/dev/sda5               510810112 968616752 457806641 218,3G 83 Linux
/dev/sda6               968617984 976771071   8153088   3,9G 82 Linux swap / Sol

Partition 3 does not start on physical sector boundary.

Xorg 配置：etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf

Section "Device"
   Identifier  "Intel Graphics"
   Driver      "intel"
   Option      "AccelMethod"  "uxa"
EndSection

我尝试禁用硬件加速，但无法全屏观看视频。此外，我无法安装 Intel Graphics，因为我的显卡与软件不兼容。

https://01.org/linuxgraphics/about/supported-hardware

固定的

我使用终端中的此命令行创建了一个 xorg 配置

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf

并把这个

Section "Device"
       Identifier "Intel Graphics"
       Driver     "intel"
       Option     "NoAccel"   "uxa"
       Option     "DRI"       "False"
       Option     "TearFree"  "true"
    EndSection

谢谢你们。谢谢@heynnema

答案1

  • 确保intel-microcode已安装（我刚刚注意到您已经安装了它。）

在terminal...

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install intel-microcode
reboot

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