我希望如果我能弄清楚这些 nVidia 错误消息，我可以让它正常工作：
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_GL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in manual mode
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib32/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_EGL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_egl_conf) in manual mode
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib32/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375/alt_ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/i386-linux-gnu_GL.conf (i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in manual mode
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib32/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375/alt_ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/i386-linux-gnu_EGL.conf (i386-linux-gnu_egl_conf) in manual mode
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib32/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: Info: the current GL alternatives in use are: ['mesa', 'nvidia-375-prime']
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: Info: the current EGL alternatives in use are: ['mesa-egl', 'nvidia-375-prime']
Aug 6 09:25:25 dell com.ubuntu.ScreenResolution.Mechanism[1312]: Info: selecting nvidia-375 for the nvidia profile
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell systemd-udevd[433]: Process '/sbin/modprobe nvidia-modeset' failed with exit code 1.
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell systemd-udevd[433]: Process '/sbin/modprobe nvidia-drm' failed with exit code 1.
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell systemd-udevd[433]: Process '/sbin/modprobe nvidia-uvm' failed with exit code 1.
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell systemd-udevd[506]: failed to execute '/usr/bin/nvidia-smi' '/usr/bin/nvidia-smi': No such file or directory
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell systemd-udevd[433]: Process '/usr/bin/nvidia-smi' failed with exit code 2.
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell systemd[1139]: nvidia-persistenced.service: Failed at step EXEC spawning /usr/bin/nvidia-persistenced: No such file or directory
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell kernel: [ 1.269533] nvidia: module license 'NVIDIA' taints kernel.
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell kernel: [ 1.273379] nvidia: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell kernel: [ 1.279259] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: enabling device (0006 -> 0007)
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell kernel: [ 1.279423] nvidia-nvlink: Nvlink Core is being initialized, major device number 247
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell kernel: [ 1.280666] nvidia-modeset: Loading NVIDIA Kernel Mode Setting Driver for UNIX platforms 375.82 Wed Jul 19 20:35:11 PDT 2017
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell kernel: [ 1.281343] [drm] [nvidia-drm] [GPU ID 0x00000100] Loading driver
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell gpu-manager[1106]: update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_GL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in manual mode
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell systemd[1]: nvidia-persistenced.service: Control process exited, code=exited status=203
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell systemd[1]: nvidia-persistenced.service: Unit entered failed state.
Aug 6 09:26:10 dell systemd[1]: nvidia-persistenced.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell gpu-manager[1106]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell gpu-manager[1106]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib32/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell gpu-manager[1106]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell gpu-manager[1106]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib32/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell gpu-manager[1106]: update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/nvidia-375/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_EGL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_egl_conf) in manual mode
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell gpu-manager[1106]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell gpu-manager[1106]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib32/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell gpu-manager[1106]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell gpu-manager[1106]: /sbin/ldconfig.real: /usr/lib32/nvidia-375/libEGL.so.1 is not a symbolic link
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell nvidia-persistenced: Verbose syslog connection opened
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell nvidia-persistenced: Now running with user ID 123 and group ID 133
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell nvidia-persistenced: Started (1580)
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell nvidia-persistenced: device 0000:01:00.0 - registered
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell nvidia-persistenced: Local RPC service initialized
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell kernel: [ 15.479066] nvidia-modeset: Allocated GPU:0 (GPU-53117c49-1749-eec0-6033-9e00481807f5) @ PCI:0000:01:00.0
Aug 6 09:26:11 dell kernel: [ 15.479687] nvidia-modeset: Freed GPU:0 (GPU-53117c49-1749-eec0-6033-9e00481807f5) @ PCI:0000:01:00.0
笔记：我可以确认上述错误消息“进程‘/usr/bin/nvidia-smi’失败，退出代码为 2”，因为我试图在此之前运行它以查看可以获得有关 GPU 的哪些信息。
历史
我曾经prime-select nvidia打开 nVidia。然后它启动到黑色登录屏幕。我使用以下命令更新了 grub 内核参数nomodeset：
- 外接显示器 (HDMI 1920x1080) 消失
- 桌面图标在显示屏底部堆叠在一起
- 亮度控制滑块消失了
配置
apt list --installed | grep nvidia：
nvidia-375/xenial,now 375.82-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1 amd64 [installed]
nvidia-opencl-icd-375/xenial,now 375.82-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-prime/xenial,now 0.8.2 amd64 [installed]
nvidia-settings/xenial,now 384.59-0ubuntu0~gpu16.04.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
lspci | grep -E "VGA|3D：
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller (rev 09)
笔记：Nvidia geforce GT650M 曾经出现过，但是今天从英特尔换回 nvidia 再换回英特尔后就消失了。
cat /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf：
Section "Device"
Identifier "Intel Graphics"
Driver "intel"
Option "TearFree" "true"
EndSection
笔记：我尝试使用以下命令设置 xorg.conf.new：
sudo Xorg :2 -configure
X.Org X Server 1.18.4
Release Date: 2016-07-19
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
Build Operating System: Linux 4.4.0-83-generic x86_64 Ubuntu
Current Operating System: Linux dell 4.4.0-89-generic #112-Ubuntu SMP Mon Jul 31 19:38:41 UTC 2017 x86_64
Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-89-generic root=UUID=d02dc21d-dcb2-478e-9f7d-9a3331931de4 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7 kaslr noht vt.handoff=7
Build Date: 17 July 2017 05:05:12PM
xorg-server 2:1.18.4-0ubuntu0.3 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support)
Current version of pixman: 0.33.6
Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
(==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.2.log", Time: Sun Aug 6 10:57:58 2017
List of video drivers:
amdgpu
ati
cirrus
intel
mach64
neomagic
nouveau
openchrome
qxl
r128
radeon
savage
siliconmotion
sisusb
tdfx
trident
vmware
fbdev
vesa
modesetting
mga
(++) Using config file: "/home/Me/xorg.conf.new"
(==) Using config directory: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d"
(==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
Xorg detected your mouse at device /dev/input/mice.
Please check your config if the mouse is still not
operational, as by default Xorg tries to autodetect
the protocol.
Your xorg.conf file is /home/Me/xorg.conf.new
To test the server, run 'X -config /home/rick/xorg.conf.new'
(EE) Server terminated with error (2). Closing log file.
但是生成的 xorg 配置文件没有 nvidia 部分。通过控制台停止 lightdm 服务并在那里运行配置也会因错误 (2) 而终止。