我正在尝试在我的 Mac Pro（垃圾桶）上安装 Ubuntu 17.04（Zesty）。
如果没有nomodeset启动参数，X.Org 会在启动时终止。显示屏大约每 3 秒在一个正常工作的 tty2 和一个损坏的 tty 之间来回切换。结尾/var/log/Xorg.0.log是……
[ 161.049] (II) RADEON(G0): [DRI2] Setup complete
[ 161.049] (II) RADEON(G0): [DRI2] DRI driver: radeonsi
[ 161.049] (II) RADEON(G0): [DRI2] VDPAU driver: radeonsi
[ 161.049] (EE) RADEON(G0): failed to initialise surface manager
[ 161.049] (EE) RADEON(G0): radeon_setup_kernel_mem failed
[ 161.049] (EE) Fatal server error:
[ 161.049] (EE) AddScreen/ScreenInit failed for gpu driver 0 -1
[ 161.049] (EE)
[ 161.049] (EE)
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
at http://wiki.x.org
for help.
[ 161.049] (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
[ 161.049] (EE)
[ 161.068] (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.
…但是，更远的地方还有线条……
[ 160.104] (II) Applying OutputClass "Radeon" to /dev/dri/card0
[ 160.104] loading driver: radeon
[ 160.104] (II) Applying OutputClass "AMDgpu" to /dev/dri/card1
[ 160.104] loading driver: amdgpu
既然有两张相同的视频卡，难道不应该使用相同的驱动程序吗？
在启动参数中启动时nomodeset，我可以运行 x.org 并允许我打开终端窗口。执行此操作并运行时，lspci -k | grep -EA3 'VGA|Display'我得到
02:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Curacao XT / Trinidad XT [Radeon R7 370 / R9 270X/370X]
Subsystem: Apple Inc. Curacao XT / Trinidad XT [Radeon R7 370 / R9 270X/370X]
Kernel modules: radeon, amdgpu
02:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Cape Verde/Pitcairn HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 7700/7800 Series]
--
06:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Curacao XT / Trinidad XT [Radeon R7 370 / R9 270X/370X]
Subsystem: Apple Inc. Curacao XT / Trinidad XT [Radeon R7 370 / R9 270X/370X]
Kernel modules: radeon, amdgpu
06:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Cape Verde/Pitcairn HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 7700/7800 Series]
另外，查看/var/log/syslog单词“segfault”出现了 32 次，“error”出现了 92 次，“fail”出现了 195 次……这正常吗？
详情如下……
Kubuntu 17.04 64 位桌面版从可启动 USB 棒安装到 USB3 驱动器中。
Mac Pro（2013 年末）又名 MacPro6,1
2 个 AMD FirePro D300 视频显卡（基于 Pitcairn 的 GPU），被称为“本质上是 W7000，但 VRAM 只有一半”https://architosh.com/2013/10/the-mac-pro-so-whats-a-d300-d500-and-d700-anyway-we-have-answers/
满的Xorg.O.log
[ 160.090]
X.Org X Server 1.19.3
Release Date: 2017-03-15
[ 160.090] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[ 160.090] Build Operating System: Linux 4.4.0-70-generic x86_64 Ubuntu
[ 160.091] Current Operating System: Linux hans-MacPro 4.10.0-32-generic #36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Aug 8 12:10:06 UTC 2017 x86_64
[ 160.091] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.10.0-32-generic.efi.signed root=/dev/sdb2
[ 160.091] Build Date: 28 March 2017 06:16:52AM
[ 160.091] xorg-server 2:1.19.3-1ubuntu1 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support)
[ 160.091] Current version of pixman: 0.34.0
[ 160.091] Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
[ 160.091] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[ 160.091] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Thu Aug 17 16:59:42 2017
[ 160.091] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[ 160.091] (==) No Layout section. Using the first Screen section.
[ 160.091] (==) No screen section available. Using defaults.
[ 160.091] (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen Section" (0)
[ 160.091] (**) | |-->Monitor "<default monitor>"
[ 160.091] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Default Screen Section".
Using a default monitor configuration.
[ 160.091] (==) Automatically adding devices
[ 160.091] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[ 160.091] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[ 160.092] (==) Automatically binding GPU devices
[ 160.092] (==) Max clients allowed: 256, resource mask: 0x1fffff
[ 160.092] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
[ 160.092] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 160.092] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist.
[ 160.092] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 160.092] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist.
[ 160.092] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 160.092] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist.
[ 160.092] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 160.092] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist.
[ 160.092] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 160.092] (==) FontPath set to:
/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
built-ins
[ 160.092] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
[ 160.092] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices.
If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices.
[ 160.092] (II) Loader magic: 0x56343af47020
[ 160.092] (II) Module ABI versions:
[ 160.092] X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[ 160.092] X.Org Video Driver: 23.0
[ 160.092] X.Org XInput driver : 24.1
[ 160.092] X.Org Server Extension : 10.0
[ 160.093] (++) using VT number 7
[ 160.093] (II) systemd-logind: logind integration requires -keeptty and -keeptty was not provided, disabling logind integration
[ 160.094] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card1)
[ 160.096] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[ 160.102] (--) PCI: (0:2:0:0) 1002:6810:106b:012b rev 0, Mem @ 0x80000000/268435456, 0xa0700000/262144, I/O @ 0x00003000/256, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072
[ 160.102] (--) PCI:*(0:6:0:0) 1002:6810:106b:012a rev 0, Mem @ 0x90000000/268435456, 0xa0600000/262144, I/O @ 0x00002000/256, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072
[ 160.102] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[ 160.103] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[ 160.104] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.104] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 1.0.0
[ 160.104] ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 10.0
[ 160.104] (II) Applying OutputClass "Radeon" to /dev/dri/card0
[ 160.104] loading driver: radeon
[ 160.104] (II) Applying OutputClass "AMDgpu" to /dev/dri/card1
[ 160.104] loading driver: amdgpu
[ 160.104] (==) Matched radeon as autoconfigured driver 0
[ 160.104] (==) Matched ati as autoconfigured driver 1
[ 160.104] (==) Matched amdgpu as autoconfigured driver 2
[ 160.104] (==) Matched ati as autoconfigured driver 3
[ 160.104] (==) Matched ati as autoconfigured driver 4
[ 160.104] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 5
[ 160.104] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 6
[ 160.104] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 7
[ 160.104] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout
[ 160.104] (II) LoadModule: "radeon"
[ 160.104] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/radeon_drv.so
[ 160.104] (II) Module radeon: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.104] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 7.9.0
[ 160.104] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 160.104] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
[ 160.105] (II) LoadModule: "ati"
[ 160.105] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/ati_drv.so
[ 160.105] (II) Module ati: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.105] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 7.9.0
[ 160.105] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 160.105] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
[ 160.164] (II) LoadModule: "amdgpu"
[ 160.164] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/amdgpu_drv.so
[ 160.165] (II) Module amdgpu: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.165] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 1.3.0
[ 160.165] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 160.165] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
[ 160.165] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"
[ 160.165] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so
[ 160.165] (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.165] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 1.19.3
[ 160.165] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 160.165] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
[ 160.165] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
[ 160.166] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
[ 160.166] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.166] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 0.4.4
[ 160.166] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 160.166] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
[ 160.166] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[ 160.166] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
[ 160.166] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.166] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 2.3.4
[ 160.166] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 160.166] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
[ 160.166] (II) RADEON: Driver for ATI/AMD Radeon chipsets:
ATI Radeon Mobility X600 (M24), ATI FireMV 2400,
...skipping for space...
AMD Radeon HD 6800 Series, AMD Radeon HD 6700 Series, TURKS, CAICOS,
ARUBA, TAHITI, PITCAIRN, VERDE, OLAND, HAINAN, BONAIRE, KABINI,
MULLINS, KAVERI, HAWAII
[ 160.169] (II) AMDGPU: Driver for AMD Radeon:
All GPUs supported by the amdgpu kernel driver
[ 160.169] (II) modesetting: Driver for Modesetting Kernel Drivers: kms
[ 160.169] (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
[ 160.169] (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa
[ 160.180] (II) [KMS] Kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 160.180] (II) [KMS] Kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 160.180] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for modesetting
[ 160.180] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev
[ 160.180] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 160.180] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 160.180] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 160.181] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.181] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 0.0.2
[ 160.181] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
[ 160.181] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for vesa
[ 160.181] (II) RADEON(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
"Default Screen Section" for depth/fbbpp 24/32
[ 160.181] (==) RADEON(0): Depth 24, (--) framebuffer bpp 32
[ 160.181] (II) RADEON(0): Pixel depth = 24 bits stored in 4 bytes (32 bpp pixmaps)
[ 160.181] (==) RADEON(0): Default visual is TrueColor
[ 160.181] (==) RADEON(0): RGB weight 888
[ 160.181] (II) RADEON(0): Using 8 bits per RGB (8 bit DAC)
[ 160.181] (--) RADEON(0): Chipset: "PITCAIRN" (ChipID = 0x6810)
[ 160.181] (II) Loading sub module "fb"
[ 160.181] (II) LoadModule: "fb"
[ 160.181] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfb.so
[ 160.182] (II) Module fb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.182] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 1.0.0
[ 160.182] ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4
[ 160.182] (II) Loading sub module "dri2"
[ 160.182] (II) LoadModule: "dri2"
[ 160.182] (II) Module "dri2" already built-in
[ 160.182] (II) Loading sub module "glamoregl"
[ 160.182] (II) LoadModule: "glamoregl"
[ 160.182] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libglamoregl.so
[ 160.189] (II) Module glamoregl: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.189] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 1.0.0
[ 160.189] ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4
[ 160.189] (II) glamor: OpenGL accelerated X.org driver based.
[ 160.231] (II) glamor: EGL version 1.4 (DRI2):
[ 160.234] (II) RADEON(0): glamor detected, initialising EGL layer.
[ 160.234] (II) RADEON(0): KMS Color Tiling: enabled
[ 160.234] (II) RADEON(0): KMS Color Tiling 2D: enabled
[ 160.234] (==) RADEON(0): TearFree property default: auto
[ 160.234] (II) RADEON(0): KMS Pageflipping: enabled
[ 160.265] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-0 has no monitor section
[ 160.297] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-1 has no monitor section
[ 160.348] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-2 has no monitor section
[ 160.381] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-3 has no monitor section
[ 160.413] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-4 has no monitor section
[ 160.445] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-5 has no monitor section
[ 160.477] (II) RADEON(0): EDID for output DisplayPort-0
[ 160.509] (II) RADEON(0): EDID for output DisplayPort-1
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): EDID for output DisplayPort-2
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Manufacturer: ACR Model: 2c5 Serial#: 855642923
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Year: 2013 Week: 30
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): EDID Version: 1.3
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Digital Display Input
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Max Image Size [cm]: horiz.: 52 vert.: 32
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Gamma: 2.20
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): DPMS capabilities: Off
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Supported color encodings: RGB 4:4:4 YCrCb 4:4:4
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): First detailed timing is preferred mode
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): redX: 0.647 redY: 0.331 greenX: 0.314 greenY: 0.621
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): blueX: 0.151 blueY: 0.070 whiteX: 0.313 whiteY: 0.329
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Supported established timings:
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 720x400@70Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 640x480@60Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 640x480@67Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 640x480@72Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 640x480@75Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 800x600@56Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 800x600@60Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 800x600@72Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 800x600@75Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 832x624@75Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 1024x768@60Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 1024x768@70Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 1024x768@75Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 1280x1024@75Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 1152x864@75Hz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Manufacturer's mask: 0
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Supported standard timings:
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): #0: hsize: 1152 vsize 864 refresh: 75 vid: 20337
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): #1: hsize: 1280 vsize 1024 refresh: 60 vid: 32897
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): #2: hsize: 1280 vsize 960 refresh: 60 vid: 16513
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): #3: hsize: 1280 vsize 720 refresh: 60 vid: 49281
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): #4: hsize: 1280 vsize 800 refresh: 60 vid: 129
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): #5: hsize: 1680 vsize 1050 refresh: 60 vid: 179
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Supported detailed timing:
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): clock: 154.0 MHz Image Size: 518 x 324 mm
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): h_active: 1920 h_sync: 1968 h_sync_end 2000 h_blank_end 2080 h_border: 0
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): v_active: 1200 v_sync: 1203 v_sync_end 1209 v_blanking: 1235 v_border: 0
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Ranges: V min: 56 V max: 75 Hz, H min: 30 H max: 83 kHz, PixClock max 185 MHz
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Serial No: LV6AA0014239
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Monitor name: Acer B243PWL
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): EDID (in hex):
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 00ffffffffffff000472c5022b130033
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 1e170103803420782af8c5a554509f26
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 125054bfef80714f8180814081c08100
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): b30001010101283c80a070b023403020
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 360006442100001a000000fd00384b1e
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 5312000a202020202020000000ff004c
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 56364141303031343233390a000000fc
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): 0041636572204232343350574c0a00eb
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Printing probed modes for output DisplayPort-2
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1920x1200"x60.0 154.00 1920 1968 2000 2080 1200 1203 1209 1235 +hsync -vsync (74.0 kHz eP)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1680x1050"x59.9 119.00 1680 1728 1760 1840 1050 1053 1059 1080 +hsync -vsync (64.7 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x1024"x75.0 135.00 1280 1296 1440 1688 1024 1025 1028 1066 +hsync +vsync (80.0 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x1024"x60.0 108.00 1280 1328 1440 1688 1024 1025 1028 1066 +hsync +vsync (64.0 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x960"x60.0 108.00 1280 1376 1488 1800 960 961 964 1000 +hsync +vsync (60.0 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x800"x59.9 71.00 1280 1328 1360 1440 800 803 809 823 +hsync -vsync (49.3 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1152x864"x75.0 108.00 1152 1216 1344 1600 864 865 868 900 +hsync +vsync (67.5 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1280x720"x60.0 74.25 1280 1390 1430 1650 720 725 730 750 +hsync +vsync (45.0 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1024x768"x75.0 78.75 1024 1040 1136 1312 768 769 772 800 +hsync +vsync (60.0 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1024x768"x70.1 75.00 1024 1048 1184 1328 768 771 777 806 -hsync -vsync (56.5 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "1024x768"x60.0 65.00 1024 1048 1184 1344 768 771 777 806 -hsync -vsync (48.4 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "832x624"x74.6 57.28 832 864 928 1152 624 625 628 667 -hsync -vsync (49.7 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "800x600"x72.2 50.00 800 856 976 1040 600 637 643 666 +hsync +vsync (48.1 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "800x600"x75.0 49.50 800 816 896 1056 600 601 604 625 +hsync +vsync (46.9 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "800x600"x60.3 40.00 800 840 968 1056 600 601 605 628 +hsync +vsync (37.9 kHz e)
[ 160.560] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "800x600"x56.2 36.00 800 824 896 1024 600 601 603 625 +hsync +vsync (35.2 kHz e)
[ 160.561] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "640x480"x75.0 31.50 640 656 720 840 480 481 484 500 -hsync -vsync (37.5 kHz e)
[ 160.561] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "640x480"x72.8 31.50 640 664 704 832 480 489 492 520 -hsync -vsync (37.9 kHz e)
[ 160.561] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "640x480"x66.7 30.24 640 704 768 864 480 483 486 525 -hsync -vsync (35.0 kHz e)
[ 160.561] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "640x480"x59.9 25.18 640 656 752 800 480 490 492 525 -hsync -vsync (31.5 kHz e)
[ 160.561] (II) RADEON(0): Modeline "720x400"x70.1 28.32 720 738 846 900 400 412 414 449 -hsync +vsync (31.5 kHz e)
[ 160.593] (II) RADEON(0): EDID for output DisplayPort-3
[ 160.625] (II) RADEON(0): EDID for output DisplayPort-4
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): EDID for output DisplayPort-5
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-0 disconnected
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-1 disconnected
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-2 connected
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-3 disconnected
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-4 disconnected
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-5 disconnected
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): Using exact sizes for initial modes
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): Output DisplayPort-2 using initial mode 1920x1200 +0+0
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(0): mem size init: gart size :7fbcc000 vram size: s:80000000 visible:f15e000
[ 160.657] (==) RADEON(0): DPI set to (96, 96)
[ 160.657] (==) RADEON(0): Using gamma correction (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
[ 160.657] (II) Loading sub module "ramdac"
[ 160.657] (II) LoadModule: "ramdac"
[ 160.657] (II) Module "ramdac" already built-in
[ 160.657] (==) RADEON(G0): Depth 24, (--) framebuffer bpp 32
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(G0): Pixel depth = 24 bits stored in 4 bytes (32 bpp pixmaps)
[ 160.657] (==) RADEON(G0): Default visual is TrueColor
[ 160.657] (==) RADEON(G0): RGB weight 888
[ 160.657] (II) RADEON(G0): Using 8 bits per RGB (8 bit DAC)
[ 160.657] (--) RADEON(G0): Chipset: "PITCAIRN" (ChipID = 0x6810)
[ 160.657] (II) Loading sub module "fb"
[ 160.657] (II) LoadModule: "fb"
[ 160.658] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfb.so
[ 160.658] (II) Module fb: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.658] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 1.0.0
[ 160.658] ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4
[ 160.658] (II) RADEON(G0): Kernel too old missing accel information, assuming accel is working
[ 160.658] (II) Loading sub module "dri2"
[ 160.658] (II) LoadModule: "dri2"
[ 160.658] (II) Module "dri2" already built-in
[ 160.658] (II) Loading sub module "glamoregl"
[ 160.658] (II) LoadModule: "glamoregl"
[ 160.658] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libglamoregl.so
[ 160.658] (II) Module glamoregl: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 160.658] compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 1.0.0
[ 160.658] ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4
[ 160.658] (II) glamor: OpenGL accelerated X.org driver based.
[ 160.664] (II) glamor: EGL version 1.4 (DRI2):
[ 160.666] (II) RADEON(G0): glamor detected, initialising EGL layer.
[ 160.666] (II) RADEON(G0): KMS Color Tiling: disabled
[ 160.666] (II) RADEON(G0): KMS Color Tiling 2D: enabled
[ 160.666] (==) RADEON(G0): TearFree property default: auto
[ 160.696] (II) RADEON(G0): Output DisplayPort-1-6 has no monitor section
[ 160.728] (II) RADEON(G0): Output DisplayPort-1-7 has no monitor section
[ 160.760] (II) RADEON(G0): Output DisplayPort-1-8 has no monitor section
[ 160.793] (II) RADEON(G0): Output DisplayPort-1-9 has no monitor section
[ 160.824] (II) RADEON(G0): Output DisplayPort-1-10 has no monitor section
[ 160.857] (II) RADEON(G0): Output DisplayPort-1-11 has no monitor section
[ 160.888] (II) RADEON(G0): EDID for output DisplayPort-1-6
[ 160.920] (II) RADEON(G0): EDID for output DisplayPort-1-7
[ 160.953] (II) RADEON(G0): EDID for output DisplayPort-1-8
[ 160.985] (II) RADEON(G0): EDID for output DisplayPort-1-9
[ 161.017] (II) RADEON(G0): EDID for output DisplayPort-1-10
[ 161.048] (II) RADEON(G0): EDID for output DisplayPort-1-11
[ 161.049] (==) RADEON(G0): DPI set to (96, 96)
[ 161.049] (==) RADEON(G0): Using gamma correction (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
[ 161.049] (II) Loading sub module "ramdac"
[ 161.049] (II) LoadModule: "ramdac"
[ 161.049] (II) Module "ramdac" already built-in
[ 161.049] (II) UnloadModule: "amdgpu"
[ 161.049] (II) Unloading amdgpu
[ 161.049] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"
[ 161.049] (II) Unloading modesetting
[ 161.049] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"
[ 161.049] (II) Unloading fbdev
[ 161.049] (II) UnloadSubModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 161.049] (II) Unloading fbdevhw
[ 161.049] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa"
[ 161.049] (II) Unloading vesa
[ 161.049] (--) Depth 24 pixmap format is 32 bpp
[ 161.049] (II) RADEON(G0): [DRI2] Setup complete
[ 161.049] (II) RADEON(G0): [DRI2] DRI driver: radeonsi
[ 161.049] (II) RADEON(G0): [DRI2] VDPAU driver: radeonsi
[ 161.049] (EE) RADEON(G0): failed to initialise surface manager
[ 161.049] (EE) RADEON(G0): radeon_setup_kernel_mem failed
[ 161.049] (EE)
Fatal server error:
[ 161.049] (EE) AddScreen/ScreenInit failed for gpu driver 0 -1
[ 161.049] (EE)
[ 161.049] (EE)
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
at http://wiki.x.org
for help.
[ 161.049] (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
[ 161.049] (EE)
[ 161.068] (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.
...2017 年 9 月 7 日 16.04.3 LTS 中也出现了同样的问题，但之后就变得很奇怪了。屏幕快速切换到空白并返回 3 次，然后 1.5 秒内恢复正常。键盘仅在非空白时响应魔法键。魔法键 U 可在 tty 时停止闪烁并稳定系统。奇怪的是，如果我反复尝试重新启动系统，它会在每 4 到 6 次尝试时启动一次进入正常工作的系统？！您如何调试它？
答案1
我相信我可以说 Kubuntu 16.04.3 仅在安装并在内核参数中运行时才与 MacPro6,1 兼容nomodeset（或者如果愿意反复重新启动直到它偶然出现）。
Kubuntu 17.04 相同，但当内核更新至 4.10.0-33-generic 时，可能开始正常工作。
添加nomodeset内核参数的详细信息可以在以下位置找到 如何添加内核启动参数？
答案2
我在工作时使用 Mac Pro 时也遇到了同样的问题，它使用 AMD Southern Islands 显卡芯片 (PCI 1002:679e)。具体来说，我遇到：
无法初始化表面管理器/radeon_setup_kernel_mem 失败
然后 xorg 终止。
屏幕闪烁是由于 sddm 崩溃并无限循环重启因为它无法连接到 xorg。您可以使用以下方式查找更多详细信息
dmesg | grep -i sddm
并使用 gdb 生成正确的回溯。（在这种情况下，sddm 确实应该有更好的错误报告。）
对我来说，升级到内核 4.13.0 后这个问题就消失了。