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删除 python 后如何修复未满足的依赖项？

tag-icon • tag-icon 16.04 package-management python dependencies
删除 python 后如何修复未满足的依赖项？

我费了好大劲才安装好一个应用程序。有人在评论中说我太粗暴了，然后rm -rf /usr/lib/python2.7我也做了同样的事。之后我又做了，sudo apt purge python2.7-minimal现在我的系统完全崩溃了，例如当我安装时，sudo apt upgrade我得到：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 gimp : Depends: python:any (>= 2.6.6-7~)
 libboost-mpi-python1.58.0 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but it is not installed
                             Depends: python (>= 2.7~) but it is not installed
                             Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 libboost-python1.58-dev : Depends: python-dev but it is not installed
                           Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
                           Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
                           Depends: python (>= 2.5) but it is not installed or
                                    python-celementtree but it is not installable or
                                    python-elementtree but it is not installable
 ndiff : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
         Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-bs4 : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
              Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-cairo : Depends: python (< 2.8) but it is not installed
                Depends: python (>= 2.7~) but it is not installed
                Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-chardet : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
                  Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
                  Depends: python-pkg-resources but it is not installed
 python-dbus : Depends: python (< 2.8) but it is not installed
               Depends: python (>= 2.7~) but it is not installed
               Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-gi : Depends: python (< 2.8) but it is not installed
             Depends: python (>= 2.7~) but it is not installed
             Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-gobject-2 : Depends: python (< 2.8) but it is not installed
                    Depends: python (>= 2.7~) but it is not installed
                    Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-gtk2 : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but it is not installed
               Depends: python (< 2.8) but it is not installed
 python-html5lib : Depends: python-six but it is not installed
                   Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
                   Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-lxml : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but it is not installed
               Depends: python (< 2.8) but it is not installed
 python-pip : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
              Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
              Recommends: python-all-dev (>= 2.6) but it is not installed
 python-setuptools : Depends: python-pkg-resources (= 20.7.0-1) but it is not installed
                     Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
                     Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-wheel : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
                Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-xlib : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
               Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 speedtest-cli : Depends: python (>= 2.7) but it is not installed
                 Depends: python (< 2.8) but it is not installed
                 Depends: python-pkg-resources but it is not installed

当我发出时，sudo apt-get -f install我得到：

The following additional packages will be installed:
  python python-dev python-pkg-resources python-six python2.7-dev
Suggested packages:
  python-doc python-tk
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  python python-dev python-pkg-resources python-six python2.7-dev
0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
21 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/533 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1,465 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Setting up python2.7-minimal (2.7.12-1ubuntu0~16.04.2) ...
Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
python2.7: can't open file '/usr/lib/python2.7/py_compile.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package python2.7-minimal (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-minimal:
 python-minimal depends on python2.7-minimal (>= 2.7.11-1~); however:
  Package python2.7-minimal is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-minimal (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                                          Errors were encountered while processing:
 python2.7-minimal
 python-minimal
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我现在该怎么办！？我该如何弥补我所毁掉的一切！？

答案1

基本系统服务（如 apt）依赖于 Python，因此您的系统现在可能已严重损坏。

您有两个选择：

  • 您可以使用 dpkg 手动重新安装每个 python 包
  • 您可以备份数据并进行全新安装。

对于熟练的用户来说，第一种选择可能比较快，而且相当容易。对于大多数普通用户来说，第二种选择可能比较快，也比较容易。

答案2

如果您可以访问一些运行良好的 ubuntu VPS，您可以修复此问题：

apt download python2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib python2.7

然后你必须使用以下命令将必要文件复制到你自己的系统：

sudo scp you@yourserver:/usr/lib/python2.7/*.py /usr/lib/python2.7/
sudo scp -r you@yourserver:/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib/python2.7/
sudo scp -r you@yourserver:/usr/lib/python2.7/logging /usr/lib/python2.7/
sudo scp -r you@yourserver:/usr/lib/python2.7/encodings /usr/lib/python2.7/

然后你应该使用 dpkg 来安装 python：

sudo dpkg -i python2.7-minimal_2.7.12-1ubuntu0~16.04.2_amd64.deb libpython2.7-stdlib_2.7.12-1ubuntu0~16.04.2_amd64.deb python2.7_2.7.12-1ubuntu0~16.04.2_amd64.deb

然后你应该让 apt 自己处理所有事情：

sudo apt-get install -f

然后你可以使用以下命令验证 apt 是否工作正常：

sudo apt upgrade

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