如何修复旧内核的配置问题以使 Ubuntu 能够升级？

Question

我正在尝试在虚拟机 VirtualBox 上升级我的 Ubuntu 16.04。但是当运行以下代码时：

sudo apt-get upgrade

我收到以下错误消息：

 (Reading database ... 248247 files and directories currently
 installed.) Removing linux-image-extra-4.4.0-109-generic
 (4.4.0-109.132) ... run-parts: executing
 /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 4.4.0-109-generic
 /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-109-generic run-parts: executing
 /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 4.4.0-109-generic
 /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-109-generic update-initramfs: Generating
 /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-109-generic run-parts: executing
 /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 4.4.0-109-generic
 /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-109-generic run-parts: executing
 /etc/kernel/postinst.d/unattended-upgrades 4.4.0-109-generic
 /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-109-generic run-parts: executing
 /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 4.4.0-109-generic
 /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-109-generic run-parts: executing
 /etc/kernel/postinst.d/vboxadd 4.4.0-109-generic
 /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-109-generic run-parts: failed to exec
 /etc/kernel/postinst.d/vboxadd: Exec format error run-parts:
 /etc/kernel/postinst.d/vboxadd exited with return code 1 dpkg: error
 processing package linux-image-extra-4.4.0-109-generic (--remove): 
 subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1
 Errors were encountered while processing: 
 linux-image-extra-4.4.0-109-generic E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg
 returned an error code (1)

我不知道如何修复 109 个文件的配置文件。但这是输出uname -r：

4.4.0-116-generic

以下是运行时可用版本的完整列表dpkg -l | tail -n +6 | grep -E 'linux-image-[0-9]+' | grep -Fv $(uname -r)

 ri  linux-image-4.4.0-109-generic               4.4.0-109.132         
 amd64        Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP

 ii  linux-image-4.4.0-112-generic               4.4.0-112.135         
 amd64        Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP

我似乎无法在此网站上找到解决方案，因为我错误地应用了解决方案，导致问题变得更加严重。非常感谢您帮助我修复机器。

Answer 1

根据这篇文章（Apt 无法删除部分安装的内核，也无法安装任何其他软件包),

1. 我创建了状态文件的备份，以防出现问题：

   sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/status /var/lib/dpkg/status.backup

2. 我打开/var/lib/dpkg/status并gedit搜索并删除了损坏包的引用。以下是验证此类包的代码：（状态会告诉您它们是否真的损坏了）：

   dpkg --status linux-image-4.4.0-109-generic

   dpkg --status linux-image-extra-4.4.0-109-generic

3. 我跑去sudo apt-get update确保sudo apt-get upgrade问题已得到解决。