我刚刚安装了 Fedora 26 4.11.11-300.fc26.x86_64 并尝试安装并运行 VirtualBox。请注意，我最近在以前的版本/内核构建中遇到了同样的问题，并在系统升级/重新安装之前删除了旧的 VirtualBox 软件包。这是我的流程（来自 RPM Fusion）：
dnf install VirtualBox kernel-devel-$(uname -r) akmod-VirtualBox
akmods
systemctl restart systemd-modules-load.service
dmesg | grep -i vbox
[ 1.057192] vboxdrv: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel.
[ 1.057346] vboxdrv: module verification failed: signature and/or required key missing - tainting kernel
[ 1.058094] vboxdrv: Found 4 processor cores
[ 1.077155] vboxdrv: TSC mode is Invariant, tentative frequency 3292531211 Hz
[ 1.077156] vboxdrv: Successfully loaded version 5.1.26 (interface 0x002a0000)
[ 1.077492] VBoxNetFlt: Successfully started.
[ 1.077705] VBoxNetAdp: Successfully started.
[ 1.077939] VBoxPciLinuxInit
[ 1.077942] vboxpci: IOMMU not found (not registered)
[ 824.361468] VBoxPciLinuxLinuxUnload
[ 855.368896] vboxdrv: Found 4 processor cores
[ 855.385713] vboxdrv: TSC mode is Invariant, tentative frequency 3292471283 Hz
[ 855.385715] vboxdrv: Successfully loaded version 5.1.26 (interface 0x002a0000)
[ 855.386273] VBoxNetFlt: Successfully started.
[ 855.387059] VBoxNetAdp: Successfully started.
[ 855.387369] VBoxPciLinuxInit
[ 855.387372] vboxpci: IOMMU not found (not registered)
$ VirtualBox
** (VirtualBox:18766): WARNING **: Couldn't connect to accessibility bus: Failed to connect to socket /tmp/dbus-Gy8Y9jNtrJ: Connection refused
Qt WARNING: libpng warning: iCCP: known incorrect sRGB profile
现在 VirtualBox 已加载，但工具栏中的菜单在单击时不会展开，并且我可以打开的唯一菜单“新建”和“设置”在子菜单中都有异常行为，例如无法展开上下文菜单/下拉菜单。当我以 sudo 身份运行时，一切正常。 VirtualBox 过去从来不需要以 sudo 身份运行。
从这里我查看 /var/log/vbox-install.log并发现一个错误：
make KBUILD_VERBOSE=1 SUBDIRS=/tmp/vbox.0 SRCROOT=/tmp/vbox.0 CONFIG_MODULE_SIG= -C /lib/modules/4.10.6-200.fc25.x86_64/build -j4 modules
make[1]: warning: -jN forced in submake: disabling jobserver mode.
test -e include/generated/autoconf.h -a -e include/config/auto.conf || ( \
echo >&2; \
echo >&2 " ERROR: Kernel configuration is invalid."; \
echo >&2 " include/generated/autoconf.h or include/config/auto.conf are missing.";\
echo >&2 " Run 'make oldconfig && make prepare' on kernel src to fix it."; \
echo >&2 ;
另请注意，sudo modprobe vboxdrv执行时没有输出。
感谢您的时间。