将两个文件中的 ID 号与修订号进行比较，如果文件 A 的修订号小于文件 B，请将该行替换为较新的修订号？

Question 1

这在最少的测试中对我有用：

#!/bin/zsh
typeset -A rule sidrev
while read -r line; do
    sid=${${line/*sid:/}/;*/}
    rev=${${line/*rev:/}/;*/}
    if [[ "$rev" -gt "$sidrev[$sid]" ]]; then
        sidrev[$sid]="$rev"
        rule[$sid]="$line"
    fi
done
echo -E ${(F)rule}

该脚本在 stdin 上读取 snort 规则，并在 stdout 上输出其已读取的所有规则的最新版本。

Answer

这在最少的测试中对我有用：

#!/bin/zsh
typeset -A rule sidrev
while read -r line; do
    sid=${${line/*sid:/}/;*/}
    rev=${${line/*rev:/}/;*/}
    if [[ "$rev" -gt "$sidrev[$sid]" ]]; then
        sidrev[$sid]="$rev"
        rule[$sid]="$line"
    fi
done
echo -E ${(F)rule}

该脚本在 stdin 上读取 snort 规则，并在 stdout 上输出其已读取的所有规则的最新版本。

Question 2

做出一些假设以获得某种答案。这些假设是：

单向更新：update_rules（或输入文件2）是最新内容的参考文件
参考文件将仅包含最新版本或至少与要更新的文件（输入文件 1）相同的版本。这意味着，不检查 rev (IF2) 实际上 >= rev IF1 本身。阿赫东！
我依赖于 IF1 和 IF2 之间的差异。不确定两者之间的差异有多大（按行数计算），这可能会产生影响

无论如何，blabla 已经够了，到肉的部分

#!/bin/bash
cp "$1" "copy_$1" #backup file we're going to change
#then only extract sid + rev (cut -f cols) + sort
#do that for both file and diff them with RCS format > see output of script for example
#and filter to keep only the sid (prob worth testing without grep to see output)
var=($(diff -n <(egrep -oe "sid:[0-9]{0,11}; rev:[0-9]{0,3}" $1|sort -k2) <(egrep -oe "sid:[0-9]{0,11}; rev:[0-9]{0,3}" $2|sort -k 2) | egrep -oe "sid:[0-9]{0,11};" ))
#Now loop over each SID
for i in ${var[@]}; do
  #Extract line number in IF1
  oldline=$(grep -n $i $1|cut -f1 -d:)
  #Extract replacement line in IF2
  newline=$(grep $i $2.txt)
  #awk magic see (note sed was a pain, couldn't get it to work :/) >> https://askubuntu.com/questions/434051/how-to-replace-a-string-on-the-5th-line-of-multiple-text-files
  awk -v nline="$oldline" -v repl="$newline" '(NR==nline){$0=repl}1;' "copy_$1" > "f.tmp" && mv "f.tmp" "copy_$1"
done
#then highlight diff between copy and original // you'll still need to mv "copy_$1" "$1" for it to be applied
diff -n "copy_$1" "$1"

将所有这些包装在一个脚本中，然后调用它：

./my_script.sh all_rules.rules /home/path/update_rules.rules

Answer

做出一些假设以获得某种答案。这些假设是：

单向更新：update_rules（或输入文件2）是最新内容的参考文件
参考文件将仅包含最新版本或至少与要更新的文件（输入文件 1）相同的版本。这意味着，不检查 rev (IF2) 实际上 >= rev IF1 本身。阿赫东！
我依赖于 IF1 和 IF2 之间的差异。不确定两者之间的差异有多大（按行数计算），这可能会产生影响

无论如何，blabla 已经够了，到肉的部分

#!/bin/bash
cp "$1" "copy_$1" #backup file we're going to change
#then only extract sid + rev (cut -f cols) + sort
#do that for both file and diff them with RCS format > see output of script for example
#and filter to keep only the sid (prob worth testing without grep to see output)
var=($(diff -n <(egrep -oe "sid:[0-9]{0,11}; rev:[0-9]{0,3}" $1|sort -k2) <(egrep -oe "sid:[0-9]{0,11}; rev:[0-9]{0,3}" $2|sort -k 2) | egrep -oe "sid:[0-9]{0,11};" ))
#Now loop over each SID
for i in ${var[@]}; do
  #Extract line number in IF1
  oldline=$(grep -n $i $1|cut -f1 -d:)
  #Extract replacement line in IF2
  newline=$(grep $i $2.txt)
  #awk magic see (note sed was a pain, couldn't get it to work :/) >> https://askubuntu.com/questions/434051/how-to-replace-a-string-on-the-5th-line-of-multiple-text-files
  awk -v nline="$oldline" -v repl="$newline" '(NR==nline){$0=repl}1;' "copy_$1" > "f.tmp" && mv "f.tmp" "copy_$1"
done
#then highlight diff between copy and original // you'll still need to mv "copy_$1" "$1" for it to be applied
diff -n "copy_$1" "$1"

将所有这些包装在一个脚本中，然后调用它：

./my_script.sh all_rules.rules /home/path/update_rules.rules

Question 3

您没有提到perl，但我认为既然您提到了awk、sed和，就可以使用grep。我选择perl而不是awk主要是因为使用多级关联数组（perl行话中的“Hash-of-Hashes”或“HoH”）比在awk.

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;

# array used to keep track of the order each sid was first seen,
# so that they can be printed out in the same order.
# Necessary because perl hashes are inherently un-ordered.
my @order=();

# hashed array to contain the highest rev seen of each sid.
my %S = ();

# count of the number of files we've read completely so far.
my $filenum=0;

while(<>) {
  s/^\s*|\s*$//g;  # strip leading and trailing spaces
  if (m/^$/) { $filenum++ if eof; next }; # skip empty lines

  # extract the sid and the rev
  my ($sid, $rev) = $_ =~ (m/^.*; sid:(\d+); rev:(\d+)/) ;

  # store or update an anonymous hash containing the rev and the entire
  # line in the hash, keyed by the sid.
  if (defined($S{$sid})) {
    $S{$sid} = { rev => $rev, line => $_ } if ( ($rev > $S{$sid}->{rev}) );
  } else {
    next if ($filenum); # only store sid if we're still reading the 1st file.
    push @order, $sid;
    $S{$sid} = { rev => $rev, line => $_ };
  };

  $filenum++ if eof;
};

# if you want output sorted by the sid, comment the first of the next
# two lines and uncomment the second
for my $sid (@order) {
#for my $sid (sort keys %S) {
     print $S{$sid}->{line}, "\n";
};

将其另存为，例如，./apply-update.pl并将其运行为./apply-update.pl all.rules update.rules > out.rules

您的新示例输入文件的输出将只有三行（在中看到的 sidall.rules已由更新update.rules，即“rev:2”而不是“rev:1”版本）：

alert udp $home_net any -> any 53 (msg:"et trojan copykittens? matryoshka dns lookup 1 (winupdate64 . com)"; content:"|01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00|"; depth:10; offset:2; content:"|0b|winupdate64|03|com|00|"; nocase; distance:0; fast_pattern; reference:url,www.clearskysec.com/wp- content/uploads/2017/07/operation_wilted_tulip.pdf; classtype:trojan- activity; sid:2024495; rev:2;)
alert udp $home_net any -> any 53 (msg:"et trojan copykittens matryoshka dns lookup 2 (twiter-statics . info)"; content:"|01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00|"; depth:10; offset:2; content:"|0e|twiter|2d|statics|04|info|00|"; nocase; distance:0; fast_pattern; metadata: former_category trojan; reference:url,www.clearskysec.com/wp- content/uploads/2017/07/operation_wilted_tulip.pdf; reference:md5,752240cddda5acb5e8d026cef82e2b54; classtype:trojan-activity; sid:2024496; rev:2; metadata:affected_product windows_xp_vista_7_8_10_server_32_64_bit, attack_target client_endpoint, deployment perimeter, signature_severity major, created_at 2017_07_25, malware_family matryoshka, performance_impact moderate, updated_at 2017_07_25;)
alert udp $home_net any -> any 53 (msg:"et trojan copykittens cobalt strike dns lookup (cloudflare-analyse . com)"; content:"|01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00|"; depth:10; offset:2; content:"|12|cloudflare|2d|analyse|03|com|00|"; nocase; distance:0; fast_pattern; threshold:type limit, track by_src, count 1, seconds 60; metadata: former_category trojan; reference:url,www.clearskysec.com/wp- content/uploads/2017/07/operation_wilted_tulip.pdf; reference:md5,752240cddda5acb5e8d026cef82e2b54; classtype:trojan-activity; sid:2024497; rev:2; metadata:affected_product windows_xp_vista_7_8_10_server_32_64_bit, attack_target client_endpoint, deployment perimeter, signature_severity major, created_at 2017_07_25, malware_family cobaltstrike, performance_impact moderate, updated_at 2017_07_26;)

这会是许多比任何基于的版本快数倍bash- shell 解释器的文本处理速度远不及perlorawk或python。像这样的编译语言C会更快，但是用 C 编写这样的东西可能至少需要 50 或 60 行，甚至可能几百行 C 代码，而不是 15 行 perl（不包括注释或空行））。

Answer

您没有提到perl，但我认为既然您提到了awk、sed和，就可以使用grep。我选择perl而不是awk主要是因为使用多级关联数组（perl行话中的“Hash-of-Hashes”或“HoH”）比在awk.

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;

# array used to keep track of the order each sid was first seen,
# so that they can be printed out in the same order.
# Necessary because perl hashes are inherently un-ordered.
my @order=();

# hashed array to contain the highest rev seen of each sid.
my %S = ();

# count of the number of files we've read completely so far.
my $filenum=0;

while(<>) {
  s/^\s*|\s*$//g;  # strip leading and trailing spaces
  if (m/^$/) { $filenum++ if eof; next }; # skip empty lines

  # extract the sid and the rev
  my ($sid, $rev) = $_ =~ (m/^.*; sid:(\d+); rev:(\d+)/) ;

  # store or update an anonymous hash containing the rev and the entire
  # line in the hash, keyed by the sid.
  if (defined($S{$sid})) {
    $S{$sid} = { rev => $rev, line => $_ } if ( ($rev > $S{$sid}->{rev}) );
  } else {
    next if ($filenum); # only store sid if we're still reading the 1st file.
    push @order, $sid;
    $S{$sid} = { rev => $rev, line => $_ };
  };

  $filenum++ if eof;
};

# if you want output sorted by the sid, comment the first of the next
# two lines and uncomment the second
for my $sid (@order) {
#for my $sid (sort keys %S) {
     print $S{$sid}->{line}, "\n";
};

将其另存为，例如，./apply-update.pl并将其运行为./apply-update.pl all.rules update.rules > out.rules

您的新示例输入文件的输出将只有三行（在中看到的 sidall.rules已由更新update.rules，即“rev:2”而不是“rev:1”版本）：

alert udp $home_net any -> any 53 (msg:"et trojan copykittens? matryoshka dns lookup 1 (winupdate64 . com)"; content:"|01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00|"; depth:10; offset:2; content:"|0b|winupdate64|03|com|00|"; nocase; distance:0; fast_pattern; reference:url,www.clearskysec.com/wp- content/uploads/2017/07/operation_wilted_tulip.pdf; classtype:trojan- activity; sid:2024495; rev:2;)
alert udp $home_net any -> any 53 (msg:"et trojan copykittens matryoshka dns lookup 2 (twiter-statics . info)"; content:"|01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00|"; depth:10; offset:2; content:"|0e|twiter|2d|statics|04|info|00|"; nocase; distance:0; fast_pattern; metadata: former_category trojan; reference:url,www.clearskysec.com/wp- content/uploads/2017/07/operation_wilted_tulip.pdf; reference:md5,752240cddda5acb5e8d026cef82e2b54; classtype:trojan-activity; sid:2024496; rev:2; metadata:affected_product windows_xp_vista_7_8_10_server_32_64_bit, attack_target client_endpoint, deployment perimeter, signature_severity major, created_at 2017_07_25, malware_family matryoshka, performance_impact moderate, updated_at 2017_07_25;)
alert udp $home_net any -> any 53 (msg:"et trojan copykittens cobalt strike dns lookup (cloudflare-analyse . com)"; content:"|01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00|"; depth:10; offset:2; content:"|12|cloudflare|2d|analyse|03|com|00|"; nocase; distance:0; fast_pattern; threshold:type limit, track by_src, count 1, seconds 60; metadata: former_category trojan; reference:url,www.clearskysec.com/wp- content/uploads/2017/07/operation_wilted_tulip.pdf; reference:md5,752240cddda5acb5e8d026cef82e2b54; classtype:trojan-activity; sid:2024497; rev:2; metadata:affected_product windows_xp_vista_7_8_10_server_32_64_bit, attack_target client_endpoint, deployment perimeter, signature_severity major, created_at 2017_07_25, malware_family cobaltstrike, performance_impact moderate, updated_at 2017_07_26;)

这会是许多比任何基于的版本快数倍bash- shell 解释器的文本处理速度远不及perlorawk或python。像这样的编译语言C会更快，但是用 C 编写这样的东西可能至少需要 50 或 60 行，甚至可能几百行 C 代码，而不是 15 行 perl（不包括注释或空行））。

将两个文件中的 ID 号与修订号进行比较，如果文件 A 的修订号小于文件 B，请将该行替换为较新的修订号？

答案1

答案2

答案3

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