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无法从 PPA 安装较新版本的 FreeCAD

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无法从 PPA 安装较新版本的 FreeCAD

我正在尝试在我的计算机上安装 FreeCAD（运行 18.10），但在安装过程中遇到了一些麻烦。我想使用 的最新稳定版本ppa:freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable，因为主存储库中的版本已过时，并且在启动时出现几个错误。问题是，即使在将 PPA 添加到我的源后，apt仍然会安装来自官方存储库的版本。

这是我运行的输出sudo apt update

Hit:1 http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian cosmic InRelease
Hit:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic InRelease                     
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates InRelease [83.2 kB]   
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security InRelease [83.2 kB]    
Hit:5 http://ppa.launchpad.net/freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable/ubuntu cosmic InRelease
Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB] 
Hit:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/js-reynaud/kicad-5/ubuntu cosmic InRelease      
Fetched 241 kB in 1s (343 kB/s)                                                
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.

所以你会认为 FreeCAD 维护者稳定 PPA 的最新软件包应该可用，对吗？但是，输出apt policy freecad是

freecad:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 0.16.6712+dfsg1-3build1
  Version table:
     0.16.6712+dfsg1-3build1 500
        500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic/universe amd64 Packages

如果有用的话，这是我的/etc/apt/sources.list

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 18.10 _Cosmic Cuttlefish_ - Release amd64 (20181017.3)]/ cosmic main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic main restricted
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic universe
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic universe
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-updates universe
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic multiverse
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu cosmic partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu cosmic partner

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security multiverse

# This system was installed using small removable media
# (e.g. netinst, live or single CD). The matching "deb cdrom"
# entries were disabled at the end of the installation process.
# For information about how to configure apt package sources,
# see the sources.list(5) manual.
deb [arch=amd64] http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian cosmic contrib
# deb-src [arch=amd64] http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian cosmic contrib

下面是输出ls -al /etc/apt/sources.list.d

total 24
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec  5 10:33 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Dec 16 11:03 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Dec  5 11:02 elmer-csc-ubuntu-ubuntu-elmer-csc-ppa-cosmic.list
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    0 Dec  5 11:02 elmer-csc-ubuntu-ubuntu-elmer-csc-ppa-cosmic.list.save
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  172 Dec  5 11:02 freecad-maintainers-ubuntu-freecad-stable-cosmic.list
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  172 Dec  5 11:02 freecad-maintainers-ubuntu-freecad-stable-cosmic.list.save
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  140 Dec  5 11:02 js-reynaud-ubuntu-kicad-5-cosmic.list
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  140 Dec  5 11:02 js-reynaud-ubuntu-kicad-5-cosmic.list.save

如果我忘记提供任何可能有用的东西，请告诉我。提前感谢你的帮助！

答案1

您不应该盲目地将 PPA 添加到系统中。

检查两件事：

  1. 标准存储库中的软件包版本 - 使用搜索packages.ubuntu.com：

    freecad 软件包

    宇宙 (18.10) (科学): 可扩展开源 CAx 程序 [宇宙]
    0.16.6712+dfsg1-3build1：amd64 arm64 i386 ppc64el s390x

  2. LaunchPad 上的 PPA 页面上的软件包版本（用于ppa:freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable和宇宙的发布)：

    包裹    版本                                                上传者
    freecad 1:0.17.13541-1ppa3~ubuntu18.10.1 Kurt Kremitzki（2018-12-11）

因此，软件包应在以下之后自动更新：

  1. 添加 PPA

    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable

    （上面的命令sudo apt update是自动的）然后

  2. 升级包

    sudo apt upgrade

    或者

    sudo apt dist-upgrade

    获取新的依赖项。

但在这个特殊的例子中，你可以看到宇宙的 没有成功：

FreeCAD 构建失败

因此此 PPA 没有freecad_0.17.13541-1ppa3~ubuntu18.10.1*.deb以pool目录。

您可以考虑：

答案2

我的 ubuntu 18.10 上运行着 Freecad 0.18，但上周它坏了。Ubuntu 更新了 Python 中的一些软件包。我们必须通知 freecad 开发人员，我想这是一个简单的修复

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