我尝试在我的 raspbian 安装上安装 docker，但意外损坏了apt-get
如果我运行apt-get install或upgrade，我会收到以下错误：
E: The package debconf needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.
我已经尝试了我可以在网上找到的所有建议的解决方案，一些示例：
命令：
apt-get -f install debconf
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# apt-get -f install debconf
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: The package debconf needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.
命令：
dpkg-reconfigure debconf
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# dpkg-reconfigure debconf
/usr/sbin/dpkg-reconfigure: debconf is broken or not fully installed
命令：
apt-get install --reinstall debconf
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# apt-get install --reinstall debconf
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: The package debconf needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.
命令：
dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq debconf
结果：
root@raspberrypi:/var/cache/apt/archives# dpkg-reconfigure debconf
/usr/sbin/dpkg-reconfigure: debconf is broken or not fully installed
root@raspberrypi:/var/cache/apt/archives# sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up libc6-dbg:armhf (2.19-18+deb8u10) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of debconf-i18n:
debconf-i18n depends on debconf (= 1.5.56+deb8u1); however:
Version of debconf on system is 1.5.56.
dpkg: error processing package debconf-i18n (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of debconf-utils:
debconf-utils depends on debconf (= 1.5.56+deb8u1); however:
Version of debconf on system is 1.5.56.
dpkg: error processing package debconf-utils (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up python-software-properties (0.92.25debian1) ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 35, in <module>
from debpython.version import SUPPORTED, debsorted, vrepr, \
File "/usr/share/python/debpython/version.py", line 24, in <module>
from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser
ImportError: No module named 'ConfigParser'
dpkg: error processing package python-software-properties (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Setting up perl-modules (5.20.2-3+deb8u8) ...
Setting up perl (5.20.2-3+deb8u8) ...
Setting up libtirpc1:armhf (0.2.5-1+deb8u1) ...
Setting up libc-dev-bin (2.19-18+deb8u10) ...
Setting up libperl5.20 (5.20.2-3+deb8u8) ...
Setting up libc6-dev:armhf (2.19-18+deb8u10) ...
Setting up rpcbind (0.2.1-6+deb8u2) ...
insserv: warning: current start runlevel(s) (empty) of script `rpcbind' overrides LSB defaults (S).
insserv: warning: current stop runlevel(s) (0 1 6 S) of script `rpcbind' overrides LSB defaults (0 1 6).
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-18+deb8u10) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
debconf-i18n
debconf-utils
python-software-properties
root@raspberrypi:/var/cache/apt/archives# sudo apt-get install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: The package debconf needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.
root@raspberrypi:/var/cache/apt/archives# sudo dpkg --configure -a
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of debconf-i18n:
debconf-i18n depends on debconf (= 1.5.56+deb8u1); however:
Version of debconf on system is 1.5.56.
dpkg: error processing package debconf-i18n (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of debconf-utils:
debconf-utils depends on debconf (= 1.5.56+deb8u1); however:
Version of debconf on system is 1.5.56.
dpkg: error processing package debconf-utils (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up python-software-properties (0.92.25debian1) ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 35, in <module>
from debpython.version import SUPPORTED, debsorted, vrepr, \
File "/usr/share/python/debpython/version.py", line 24, in <module>
from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser
ImportError: No module named 'ConfigParser'
dpkg: error processing package python-software-properties (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
debconf-i18n
debconf-utils
python-software-properties
root@raspberrypi:/var/cache/apt/archives# apt-get -f install debconf
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: The package debconf needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.
root@raspberrypi:/var/cache/apt/archives# cd
root@raspberrypi:~# apt-get -f install debconf
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: The package debconf needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.
root@raspberrypi:~# dpkg-reconfigure debconf
/usr/sbin/dpkg-reconfigure: debconf is broken or not fully installed
root@raspberrypi:~# apt-get install --reinstall debconf
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: The package debconf needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.
root@raspberrypi:~# dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq debconf
dpkg: dependency problems prevent removal of debconf:
tasksel depends on debconf (>= 0.5) | debconf-2.0; however:
Package debconf is to be removed.
Package debconf-2.0 is not installed.
Package debconf which provides debconf-2.0 is to be removed.
tasksel depends on debconf (>= 1.5.34) | cdebconf (>= 0.106); however:
Package debconf is to be removed.
Package cdebconf is not installed.
tasksel depends on debconf (>= 0.5) | debconf-2.0; however:
Package debconf is to be removed.
Package debconf-2.0 is not installed.
Package debconf which provides debconf-2.0 is to be removed.
tasksel depends on debconf (>= 1.5.34) | cdebconf (>= 0.106); however:
Package debconf is to be removed.
Package cdebconf is not installed.
locales depends on debconf (>= 0.5) | debconf-2.0; however:
Package debconf is to be removed.
Package debconf-2.0 is not installed.
Package debconf which provides debconf-2.0 is to be removed.
ca-certificates depends on debconf (>= 0.5) | debconf-2.0; however:
Package debcon
dpkg: error processing package debconf (--remove):
dependency problems - not removing
Errors were encountered while processing:
debconf
命令：
dpkg --configure -a
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# dpkg --configure -a
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of debconf-i18n:
debconf-i18n depends on debconf (= 1.5.56+deb8u1); however:
Version of debconf on system is 1.5.56.
dpkg: error processing package debconf-i18n (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of debconf-utils:
debconf-utils depends on debconf (= 1.5.56+deb8u1); however:
Version of debconf on system is 1.5.56.
dpkg: error processing package debconf-utils (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Setting up python-software-properties (0.92.25debian1) ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/pycompile", line 35, in <module>
from debpython.version import SUPPORTED, debsorted, vrepr, \
File "/usr/share/python/debpython/version.py", line 24, in <module>
from ConfigParser import SafeConfigParser
ImportError: No module named 'ConfigParser'
dpkg: error processing package python-software-properties (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
debconf-i18n
debconf-utils
python-software-properties
命令：
dpkg -C
结果：
The following packages are in a mess due to serious problems during
installation. They must be reinstalled for them (and any packages
that depend on them) to function properly:
debconf Debian configuration management system
The following packages have been unpacked but not yet configured.
They must be configured using dpkg --configure or the configure
menu option in dselect for them to work:
debconf-i18n full internationalization support for debconf
debconf-utils debconf utilities
The following packages are only half configured, probably due to problems
configuring them the first time. The configuration should be retried using
dpkg --configure <package> or the configure menu option in dselect:
python-software-properties manage the repositories that you install software f
命令：
apt-cache policy
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# apt-cache policy
Package files:
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
release a=now
500 http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ jessie/ui armhf Packages
release o=Raspberry Pi Foundation,a=stable,n=jessie,l=Raspberry Pi Foundation,c=ui
origin archive.raspberrypi.org
500 http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ jessie/main armhf Packages
release o=Raspberry Pi Foundation,a=stable,n=jessie,l=Raspberry Pi Foundation,c=main
origin archive.raspberrypi.org
Pinned packages:
命令：
apt-get -f install
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: The package debconf needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.
命令：
cat /etc/*-release
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# cat /etc/*-release
PRETTY_NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie)"
NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="8"
VERSION="8 (jessie)"
ID=raspbian
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="http://www.raspbian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://www.raspbian.org/RaspbianForums"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://www.raspbian.org/RaspbianBugs"
命令：
apt-cache policy debconf debconf-i18n debconf-utils
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# apt-cache policy debconf debconf-i18n debconf-utils
debconf:
Installed: 1.5.56
Candidate: 1.5.56
Version table:
*** 1.5.56 0
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
debconf-i18n:
Installed: 1.5.56+deb8u1
Candidate: 1.5.56+deb8u1
Version table:
*** 1.5.56+deb8u1 0
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
debconf-utils:
Installed: 1.5.56+deb8u1
Candidate: 1.5.56+deb8u1
Version table:
*** 1.5.56+deb8u1 0
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
命令：
cat /etc/apt/sources.list
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# Uncomment line below then 'apt-get update' to enable 'apt-get source'
#deb-src http://archive.raspbian.org/raspbian/ jessie main contrib non-free rpi
命令：
ls -Al /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# ls -Al /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 193 Apr 10 09:58 raspi.list
命令：
cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list
结果：
root@raspberrypi:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list
deb http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ jessie main ui
# Uncomment line below then 'apt-get update' to enable 'apt-get source'
#deb-src http://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian/ jessie main ui
有人知道接下来要尝试什么吗？
希望不必重新安装操作系统。
答案1
您缺少主要的 Raspbian 存档，该存档应该位于您的sources.list 中：
anthony@Kilby:~ $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org/raspbian/ jessie main contrib non-free rpi
# Uncomment line below then 'apt-get update' to enable 'apt-get source'
deb-src http://archive.raspbian.org/raspbian/ jessie main contrib non-free rpi
如果没有这个，就没有地方可以下载 debconf 1.5.56+deb8u1。
很可能将源添加回来 then apt-get update, thenapt-get install -f就足以修复它。如果没有的话需要手动下载http://mirrordirector.raspbian.org/raspbian/pool/main/d/debconf/debconf_1.5.56+deb8u1_all.deb并安装它dpkg -i debconf_1.5.56+deb8u1_all.deb。手动下载的方式包括 wget/curl 或apt-get download debconf=1.5.56+deb8u1.如果可行的话，后者是最简单的。