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更改 sysctl 是否需要重新启动进程？

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更改 sysctl 是否需要重新启动进程？

我在红帽机器上。我正在通过 sysctl 更改 max_map_count 的值：

# sysctl vm.max_map_count
vm.max_map_count = 65530
# sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=655300
vm.max_map_count = 655300
# sysctl vm.max_map_count
vm.max_map_count = 655300

然后我将该值写入，/etc/sysctl.conf以便它能够持续重新启动。

我这样做是为了解决特定长期服务的 munmap 需求。据我所知，修改 sysctl 值对于系统来说是立即的。我的问题是：我是否需要重新启动单个服务才能使此更新的设置对特定正在运行的进程生效，或者更新的计数限制是否立即应用于正在运行的进程？

答案1

运行下面的程序，我发现该进程不需要重新启动。即设置max_map_count立即对所有进程生效。

（我从https://github.com/linux-test-project/ltp/blob/master/testcases/kernel/mem/tunable/max_map_count.c#L171写出以下内容。请注意，该许可证是 GPLv2 或更高版本。）

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <unistd.h>


const char* MAX_MAP_PROC_FILE = "/proc/sys/vm/max_map_count";

/* This is a filter to exclude map entries which aren't accounted
 * for in the vm_area_struct's map_count.
 */
static bool filter_map(const char *line)
{
    char buf[BUFSIZ];
    int ret;

    ret = sscanf(line, "%*p-%*p %*4s %*p %*2d:%*2d %*d %s", buf);
    if (ret != 1)
        return false;

#if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__x86__)
    /* On x86, there's an old compat vsyscall page */
    if (!strcmp(buf, "[vsyscall]"))
        return true;
#elif defined(__ia64__)
    /* On ia64, the vdso is not a proper mapping */
    if (!strcmp(buf, "[vdso]"))
        return true;
#elif defined(__arm__)
    /* Skip it when run it in aarch64 */
    if ((!strcmp(un.machine, "aarch64"))
    || (!strcmp(un.machine, "aarch64_be")))
        return false;

    /* Older arm kernels didn't label their vdso maps */
    if (!strncmp(line, "ffff0000-ffff1000", 17))
        return true;
#endif

    return false;
}


static long count_maps(pid_t pid)
{
    FILE *fp;
    size_t len;
    char *line = NULL;
    char maps_proc_name[BUFSIZ];
    long map_count = 0;

    snprintf(maps_proc_name, BUFSIZ, "/proc/%d/maps", pid);
    fp = fopen(maps_proc_name, "r");
    if (fp == NULL) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Could not open proc file: %s\n", maps_proc_name);
    exit(1);
    }
    while (getline(&line, &len, fp) != -1) {
        /* exclude vdso and vsyscall */
        if (filter_map(line))
            continue;
        map_count++;
    }
    fclose(fp);

    return map_count;
}


static void update_max_map()
{
    FILE *fp = fopen(MAX_MAP_PROC_FILE, "w");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open proc file: %s\n", MAX_MAP_PROC_FILE);
        exit(1);
    }

    fprintf(fp, "%d", 655300);

    fclose(fp);
}

static void map_and_print_count()
{
    int num_lines = 0;
    while (mmap(NULL, 1, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) != MAP_FAILED)
    {
    }
    printf("mmap failed with errno: %s\n", strerror(errno));

    num_lines = count_maps(getpid());
    printf("number of lines: %d\n", num_lines);
}

int
main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    int num_lines = 0;
    num_lines = count_maps(getpid());

    printf("number of lines to start: %d\n", num_lines);
    map_and_print_count();

    update_max_map();
    map_and_print_count();

    return 0;
}

运行此命令会产生以下输出：

# gcc -Wall -o max_map_count max_map_count.c  && ./max_map_count
number of lines to start: 16
mmap failed with errno: Cannot allocate memory
number of lines: 65531
mmap failed with errno: Cannot allocate memory
number of lines: 655301

请注意，更新 max_map_count 后，该进程现在能够在进程运行时获取指定数量的地图。

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