我刚刚做了以下事情后就破坏了我的依赖树：
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
现在，当我尝试安装任何东西时，我收到以下错误
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
ffmpeg : Depends: libavdevice57 (>= 7:3.4.4) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libsdl2-2.0-0 (>= 2.0.8) but it is not going to be installed
libglx-mesa0 : Depends: libglapi-mesa (= 18.0.5-0ubuntu0~18.04.1) but 18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
当我尝试
sudo apt --fix-broken install
我收到以下错误
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
libglx-mesa0
The following packages will be upgraded:
libglx-mesa0
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 13 not upgraded.
37 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/134 kB of archives.
After this operation, 9 216 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 238586 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libglx-mesa0_18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libglx-mesa0:amd64 (18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1) over (18.0.5-0ubuntu0~18.04.1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libglx-mesa0_18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLX_indirect.so.0', which is also in package nvidia-396 396.44-0ubuntu1
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/libglx-mesa0_18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我尝试通过以下方式安装 libglx-mesa0
sudo apt-get install libglx-mesa0
但我收到以下错误
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
libglx-mesa0
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 13 not upgraded.
37 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 134 kB of archives.
After this operation, 9 216 B of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libglx-mesa0 amd64 18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 [134 kB]
Fetched 134 kB in 0s (895 kB/s)
(Reading database ... 238586 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libglx-mesa0_18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libglx-mesa0:amd64 (18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1) over (18.0.5-0ubuntu0~18.04.1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libglx-mesa0_18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLX_indirect.so.0', which is also in package nvidia-396 396.44-0ubuntu1
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/libglx-mesa0_18.2.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
你能帮我修理一下吗？
答案1
尝试安装 Nvidia 驱动程序时遇到了类似的问题。
sudo apt purge nvidia*
切换回 nouveau 驱动程序并重新启动（此时你的依赖问题应该已经修复）
重新启动时按 SHIFT 键，这将调出 GRUB 引导加载程序。
进入 GRUB 后，按“e”键编辑默认条目，并在“quiet splash”之前添加“nomodeset”
登录后再次安装 Nvidia 驱动程序，可能（如果您有 GUI）使用 Ubuntu 中软件更新实用程序的“附加驱动程序”选项卡。我使用的是 Nvidia 410，如果您没有任何特殊需求，我建议您也这样做。
编辑：如果您需要 CUDA + NVIDIA 410：
sudo apt-key adv --fetch-keys http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64/7fa2af80.pub
sudo bash -c 'echo "deb http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64 /" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cuda.list'
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-410
sudo apt install cuda-10-0
如果你只想要 CUDA，请跳过 nvidia-driver-410 的安装