很抱歉发布一个之前已经问过的问题，但我正在尝试在 ubuntu 18.04 机器上配置 cuda，但遇到了一些困难。
我尝试从 bash 安装程序安装 cuda 10.0。我在运行安装程序时选择同时安装驱动程序。但是，现在运行nvidia-smi结果如下：
NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.
我尝试使用以下命令完全卸载所有驱动程序：
sudo apt-get --purge -y remove 'cuda*'
sudo apt-get --purge -y remove 'nvidia*'
然后，我尝试使用 安装新的驱动程序sudo apt install nvidia-driver-440，但仍然收到“NVIDIA-SMI 失败，因为它无法与 NVIDIA 驱动程序通信”。
我现在正在尝试弄清楚如何让我的 nvidia 驱动程序与我的系统和平共处并启用nvidia-smi。如果这不可能，我想安装一个新的驱动程序。任何关于如何实现这两种路径的指示都将非常有帮助！我很乐意提供任何可能有用的信息...
一些线索：X 似乎现在被禁用了（见下文），但通常有一个控制台。此外，`inxi -G1 报告说我仍在使用 nouveau 驱动程序而不是 nvidia。
这台机器连接了两块 Titan RTX 芯片。这是我昨天在破坏驱动程序之前运行的截图：
结果如下apt-cache policy：
$ apt-cache policy
Package files:
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
release a=now
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/graphics-drivers/ppa/ubuntu bionic/main i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-graphics-drivers,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Proprietary GPU Drivers,c=main,b=i386
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/graphics-drivers/ppa/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=LP-PPA-graphics-drivers,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Proprietary GPU Drivers,c=main,b=amd64
origin ppa.launchpad.net
500 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable/main amd64 Packages
release v=1.0,o=Google LLC,a=stable,n=stable,l=Google,c=main,b=amd64
origin dl.google.com
600 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64 Packages
release o=NVIDIA,l=NVIDIA CUDA,c=
origin developer.download.nvidia.com
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
origin security.ubuntu.com
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
origin security.ubuntu.com
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
origin security.ubuntu.com
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
origin security.ubuntu.com
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
origin security.ubuntu.com
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
origin security.ubuntu.com
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
origin security.ubuntu.com
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-security,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
origin security.ubuntu.com
100 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-backports,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
100 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-backports,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
100 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-backports,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
100 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-backports,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic-updates,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/restricted i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/restricted amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main i386 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
release v=18.04,o=Ubuntu,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
origin us.archive.ubuntu.com
Pinned packages:
$
输出inxi -G：
Graphics: Card-1: NVIDIA Device 1e02
Card-2: NVIDIA Device 1e02
Display Server: N/A drivers: fbdev,nouveau (unloaded: modesetting,vesa)
tty size: 128x26 Advanced Data: N/A out of X
输出lsmod | grep nvidia：
i2c_nvidia_gpu 16384 0
输出grep -i "nvidia" /var/log/Xorg.0.log：
[ 9.324] (II) NOUVEAU driver for NVIDIA chipset families :
[ 9.912] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=8 (/dev/input/event22)
[ 9.912] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=7 (/dev/input/event21)
[ 9.912] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=3 (/dev/input/event20)
[ 9.912] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=8 (/dev/input/event18)
[ 9.913] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=9 (/dev/input/event23)
[ 9.913] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=9 (/dev/input/event19)
[ 9.913] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=3 (/dev/input/event16)
[ 9.913] (II) config/udev: Adding input device HDA NVidia HDMI/DP,pcm=7 (/dev/input/event17)
输出dpkg -l | grep nvidia：
ii libnvidia-cfg1-440:amd64 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX configuration library
ii libnvidia-common-440 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 all Shared files used by the NVIDIA libraries
rc libnvidia-compute-390:i386 390.116-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 i386 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-compute-440:amd64 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA libcompute package
ii libnvidia-decode-440:amd64 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii libnvidia-encode-440:amd64 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii libnvidia-fbc1-440:amd64 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii libnvidia-gl-440:amd64 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii libnvidia-ifr1-440:amd64 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
ii nvidia-compute-utils-440 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA compute utilities
ii nvidia-cuda-dev 9.1.85-3ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA CUDA development files
ii nvidia-cuda-doc 9.1.85-3ubuntu1 all NVIDIA CUDA and OpenCL documentation
ii nvidia-cuda-gdb 9.1.85-3ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA CUDA Debugger (GDB)
ii nvidia-cuda-toolkit 9.1.85-3ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA CUDA development toolkit
ii nvidia-dkms-440 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA DKMS package
ii nvidia-driver-440 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA driver metapackage
ii nvidia-kernel-common-440 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 Shared files used with the kernel module
ii nvidia-kernel-source-440 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA kernel source package
ii nvidia-opencl-dev:amd64 9.1.85-3ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA OpenCL development files
ii nvidia-prime 0.8.8.2 all Tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime
ii nvidia-profiler 9.1.85-3ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA Profiler for CUDA and OpenCL
ii nvidia-settings 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 Tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
ii nvidia-utils-440 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA driver support binaries
ii nvidia-visual-profiler 9.1.85-3ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA Visual Profiler for CUDA and OpenCL
ii xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-440 440.64.00-0ubuntu1 amd64 NVIDIA binary Xorg driver
输出lspci：
00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Root Complex
00:00.2 IOMMU: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) I/O Memory Management Unit
00:01.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
00:01.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe GPP Bridge
00:01.2 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe GPP Bridge
00:01.3 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe GPP Bridge
00:02.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
00:03.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
00:03.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe GPP Bridge
00:04.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
00:07.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
00:07.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus B
00:08.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
00:08.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus B
00:14.0 SMBus: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SMBus Controller (rev 59)
00:14.3 ISA bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH LPC Bridge (rev 51)
00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 0
00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 1
00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 2
00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 3
00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 4
00:18.5 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 5
00:18.6 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 6
00:18.7 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 7
00:19.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 0
00:19.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 1
00:19.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 2
00:19.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 3
00:19.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 4
00:19.5 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 5
00:19.6 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 6
00:19.7 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Data Fabric: Device 18h; Function 7
01:00.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] X399 Series Chipset USB 3.1 xHCI Controller (rev 02)
01:00.1 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] X399 Series Chipset SATA Controller (rev 02)
01:00.2 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] X399 Series Chipset PCIe Bridge (rev 02)
02:00.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] 300 Series Chipset PCIe Port (rev 02)
02:01.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] 300 Series Chipset PCIe Port (rev 02)
02:02.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] 300 Series Chipset PCIe Port (rev 02)
02:03.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] 300 Series Chipset PCIe Port (rev 02)
02:04.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] 300 Series Chipset PCIe Port (rev 02)
02:09.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] 300 Series Chipset PCIe Port (rev 02)
03:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA6174 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter (rev 32)
04:00.0 Network controller: Wilocity Ltd. Wil6200 802.11ad Wireless Network Adapter (rev 02)
05:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation I211 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 03)
08:00.0 USB controller: ASMedia Technology Inc. Device 2142
09:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM961/PM961
0a:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 1e02 (rev a1)
0a:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation Device 10f7 (rev a1)
0a:00.2 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 1ad6 (rev a1)
0a:00.3 Serial bus controller [0c80]: NVIDIA Corporation Device 1ad7 (rev a1)
0b:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82599ES 10-Gigabit SFI/SFP+ Network Connection (rev 01)
0c:00.0 Non-Essential Instrumentation [1300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Device 145a
0c:00.2 Encryption controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Platform Security Processor
0c:00.3 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) USB 3.0 Host Controller
0d:00.0 Non-Essential Instrumentation [1300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Device 1455
0d:00.2 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 51)
0d:00.3 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) HD Audio Controller
40:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Root Complex
40:00.2 IOMMU: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) I/O Memory Management Unit
40:01.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
40:01.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe GPP Bridge
40:01.2 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe GPP Bridge
40:01.3 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe GPP Bridge
40:02.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
40:03.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
40:04.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
40:07.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
40:07.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus B
40:08.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) PCIe Dummy Host Bridge
40:08.1 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Internal PCIe GPP Bridge 0 to Bus B
41:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Intel Corporation PCIe Data Center SSD (rev 01)
42:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Intel Corporation PCIe Data Center SSD (rev 01)
43:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 1e02 (rev a1)
43:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation Device 10f7 (rev a1)
43:00.2 USB controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 1ad6 (rev a1)
43:00.3 Serial bus controller [0c80]: NVIDIA Corporation Device 1ad7 (rev a1)
44:00.0 Non-Essential Instrumentation [1300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Device 145a
44:00.2 Encryption controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) Platform Security Processor
44:00.3 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Family 17h (Models 00h-0fh) USB 3.0 Host Controller
45:00.0 Non-Essential Instrumentation [1300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] Device 1455
45:00.2 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 51)
输出lshw -class display：
*-display UNCLAIMED
description: VGA compatible controller
product: NVIDIA Corporation
vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:0a:00.0
version: a1
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller cap_list
configuration: latency=0
resources: iomemory:480-47f iomemory:480-47f memory:ba000000-baffffff memory:4820000000-482fffffff memory:4830000000-4831ffffff ioport:2000(size=128) memory:bb000000-bb07ffff
*-display UNCLAIMED
description: VGA compatible controller
product: NVIDIA Corporation
vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:43:00.0
version: a1
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller cap_list
configuration: latency=0
resources: memory:9b000000-9bffffff memory:80000000-8fffffff memory:90000000-91ffffff ioport:4000(size=128) memory:9c000000-9c07ffff
输出find /lib/modules -type f | grep nvidia：
/lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/kernel/drivers/usb/typec/altmodes/typec_nvidia.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/kernel/drivers/video/fbdev/nvidia/nvidiafb.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/kernel/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-nvidia-gpu.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ethernet/nvidia/forcedeth.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/updates/dkms/nvidia-drm.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/updates/dkms/nvidia.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/updates/dkms/nvidia-uvm.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-46-generic/updates/dkms/nvidia-modeset.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-40-generic/kernel/drivers/usb/typec/altmodes/typec_nvidia.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-40-generic/kernel/drivers/video/fbdev/nvidia/nvidiafb.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-40-generic/kernel/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-nvidia-gpu.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-40-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ethernet/nvidia/forcedeth.ko
/lib/modules/4.15.0-96-generic/kernel/drivers/video/fbdev/nvidia/nvidiafb.ko
/lib/modules/4.15.0-96-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ethernet/nvidia/forcedeth.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/usb/typec/altmodes/typec_nvidia.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/video/fbdev/nvidia/nvidiafb.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-nvidia-gpu.ko
/lib/modules/5.3.0-45-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ethernet/nvidia/forcedeth.ko
答案1
出色地我在 NVIDIA 官方论坛上发帖，不久后我收到回复说我只需要从系统中删除一个黑名单文件（/lib/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia.conf）并重新启动。
这样做就把事情理顺了:)
步骤如下：
grep nvidia /etc/modprobe.d/* /lib/modprobe.d/*
将返回包含“nvidia”语句的文件条目。查找以下语句blacklist nvidia
对于本文作者来说，该文件/lib/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia.conf
现在被删除整个文件，例如使用：
sudo rm lib/modprobe.d/blacklist-nvidia.conf
答案2
为了防止有人因为出色的 nvidia 驱动程序而浪费时间，我在网上找到了这个要点：
https://gist.github.com/espoirMur/65cec3d67e0a96e270860c9c276ab9fa
并且它成功了。
答案3
我通常通过以下方式修复它重新安装相同版本我已经拥有的 CUDA 工具包，以避免进一步出现问题。（我保留了 cuda 工具包的运行文件以防万一）。
如果你没有（这是意料之中的），你可以尝试从这里。下载和安装应如下所示：
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/11.5.1/local_installers/cuda_11.5.1_495.29.05_linux.run
sudo sh cuda_11.5.1_495.29.05_linux.run
注意：我曾尝试过其他方法，例如删除它、更改它prime-select nvidia|intel、安装较新的驱动程序......但这些方法通常对我不起作用或导致我遇到更多问题。
答案4
安装最新的兼容 nvidia 驱动程序解决了我的问题。