![从 19.04 升级到 19.10,然后升级到 20.04,我有几个 i386 包无法升级,我可以清除它们吗?](https://linux22.com/image/1172284/%E4%BB%8E%2019.04%20%E5%8D%87%E7%BA%A7%E5%88%B0%2019.10%EF%BC%8C%E7%84%B6%E5%90%8E%E5%8D%87%E7%BA%A7%E5%88%B0%2020.04%EF%BC%8C%E6%88%91%E6%9C%89%E5%87%A0%E4%B8%AA%20i386%20%E5%8C%85%E6%97%A0%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%87%E7%BA%A7%EF%BC%8C%E6%88%91%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E6%B8%85%E9%99%A4%E5%AE%83%E4%BB%AC%E5%90%97%EF%BC%9F.png)
当我表演的时候$ sudo dpkg -l | grep i386
我得到了以下列表:
gcc-10-base:i386 i386 GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection (base package)
glib-networking:i386 i386 network-related giomodules for GLib
gstreamer1.0-plugins-base:i386 i386 GStreamer plugins from the "base" set
gstreamer1.0-plugins-good:i386 i386 GStreamer plugins from the "good" set
gstreamer1.0-x:i386 i386 GStreamer plugins for X11 and Pango
i965-va-driver:i386 i386 VAAPI driver for Intel G45 & HD Graphics family
intel-media-va-driver:i386 i386 VAAPI driver for the Intel GEN8+ Graphics family
libaa1:i386 i386 ASCII art library
libaom0:i386 i386 AV1 Video Codec Library
libasn1-8-heimdal:i386 i386 Heimdal Kerberos - ASN.1 library
libasound2:i386 i386 shared library for ALSA applications
libasound2-plugins:i386 i386 ALSA library additional plugins
libasyncns0:i386 i386 Asynchronous name service query library
libatomic1:i386 i386 support library providing __atomic built-in functions
libavahi-client3:i386 i386 Avahi client library
libavahi-common-data:i386 i386 Avahi common data files
libavahi-common3:i386 i386 Avahi common library
libavc1394-0:i386 i386 control IEEE 1394 audio/video devices
libavcodec58:i386 i386 FFmpeg library with de/encoders for audio/video codecs - runtime files
libavutil56:i386 i386 FFmpeg library with functions for simplifying programming - runtime files
libblkid1:i386 i386 block device ID library
libbrotli1:i386 i386 library implementing brotli encoder and decoder (shared libraries)
libbsd0:i386 i386 utility functions from BSD systems - shared library
libbz2-1.0:i386 i386 high-quality block-sorting file compressor library - runtime
libc6:i386 i386 GNU C Library: Shared libraries
libcaca0:i386 i386 colour ASCII art library
libcairo-gobject2:i386 i386 Cairo 2D vector graphics library (GObject library)
libcairo2:i386 i386 Cairo 2D vector graphics library
libcap2:i386 i386 POSIX 1003.1e capabilities (library)
libcapi20-3:i386 i386 ISDN utilities - CAPI support libraries
libcdparanoia0:i386 i386 audio extraction tool for sampling CDs (library)
libcodec2-0.9:i386 i386 Codec2 runtime library
libcom-err2:i386 i386 common error description library
libcrypt1:i386 i386 libcrypt shared library
libcups2:i386 i386 Common UNIX Printing System(tm) - Core library
libcurl3-gnutls:i386 i386 easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (GnuTLS flavour)
libdatrie1:i386 i386 Double-array trie library
libdb5.3:i386 i386 Berkeley v5.3 Database Libraries [runtime]
libdbus-1-3:i386 i386 simple interprocess messaging system (library)
libdrm-amdgpu1:i386 i386 Userspace interface to amdgpu-specific kernel DRM services -- runtime
libdrm-intel1:i386 i386 Userspace interface to intel-specific kernel DRM services -- runtime
libdrm-nouveau2:i386 i386 Userspace interface to nouveau-specific kernel DRM services -- runtime
libdrm-radeon1:i386 i386 Userspace interface to radeon-specific kernel DRM services -- runtime
libdrm2:i386 i386 Userspace interface to kernel DRM services -- runtime
libdv4:i386 i386 software library for DV format digital video (runtime lib)
libedit2:i386 i386 BSD editline and history libraries
libelf1:i386 i386 library to read and write ELF files
libexif12:i386 i386 library to parse EXIF files
libexpat1:i386 i386 XML parsing C library - runtime library
libfaudio0:i386 i386 XAudio sound processing reimplementation - library
libffi7:i386 i386 Foreign Function Interface library runtime
libflac8:i386 i386 Free Lossless Audio Codec - runtime C library
libfontconfig1:i386 i386 generic font configuration library - runtime
libfreetype6:i386 i386 FreeType 2 font engine, shared library files
libfribidi0:i386 i386 Free Implementation of the Unicode BiDi algorithm
libgcc-s1:i386 i386 GCC support library
libgcrypt20:i386 i386 LGPL Crypto library - runtime library
libgd3:i386 i386 GD Graphics Library
libgdbm-compat4:i386 i386 GNU dbm database routines (legacy support runtime version)
libgdbm6:i386 i386 GNU dbm database routines (runtime version)
libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:i386 i386 GDK Pixbuf library
libgl1:i386 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- legacy GL support
libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 i386 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- DRI modules
libglapi-mesa:i386 i386 free implementation of the GL API -- shared library
libglib2.0-0:i386 i386 GLib library of C routines
libglu1-mesa:i386 i386 Mesa OpenGL utility library (GLU)
libglvnd0:i386 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library
libglx-mesa0:i386 i386 free implementation of the OpenGL API -- GLX vendor library
libglx0:i386 i386 Vendor neutral GL dispatch library -- GLX support
libgmp10:i386 i386 Multiprecision arithmetic library
libgnutls30:i386 i386 GNU TLS library - main runtime library
libgomp1:i386 i386 GCC OpenMP (GOMP) support library
libgpg-error0:i386 i386 GnuPG development runtime library
libgphoto2-6:i386 i386 gphoto2 digital camera library
libgphoto2-port12:i386 i386 gphoto2 digital camera port library
libgpm2:i386 i386 General Purpose Mouse - shared library
libgraphite2-3:i386 i386 Font rendering engine for Complex Scripts -- library
libgsm1:i386 i386 Shared libraries for GSM speech compressor
libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 i386 MIT Kerberos runtime libraries - krb5 GSS-API Mechanism
libgssapi3-heimdal:i386 i386 Heimdal Kerberos - GSSAPI support library
libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0:i386 i386 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0:i386 i386 GStreamer development files for libraries from the "good" set
libgstreamer1.0-0:i386 i386 Core GStreamer libraries and elements
libgudev-1.0-0:i386 i386 GObject-based wrapper library for libudev
libharfbuzz0b:i386 i386 OpenType text shaping engine (shared library)
libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386 i386 Heimdal Kerberos - crypto library
libheimbase1-heimdal:i386 i386 Heimdal Kerberos - Base library
libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386 i386 Heimdal Kerberos - NTLM support library
libhogweed5:i386 i386 low level cryptographic library (public-key cryptos)
libhx509-5-heimdal:i386 i386 Heimdal Kerberos - X509 support library
libicu66:i386 i386 International Components for Unicode
libidn2-0:i386 i386 Internationalized domain names (IDNA2008/TR46) library
libiec61883-0:i386 i386 partial implementation of IEC 61883 (shared lib)
libieee1284-3:i386 i386 cross-platform library for parallel port access
libigdgmm11:i386 i386 Intel Graphics Memory Management Library -- shared library
libjack-jackd2-0:i386 i386 JACK Audio Connection Kit (libraries)
libjbig0:i386 i386 JBIGkit libraries
libjpeg-turbo8:i386 i386 IJG JPEG compliant runtime library.
libjpeg8:i386 i386 Independent JPEG Group's JPEG runtime library (dependency package)
libk5crypto3:i386 i386 MIT Kerberos runtime libraries - Crypto Library
libkeyutils1:i386 i386 Linux Key Management Utilities (library)
libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386 i386 Heimdal Kerberos - libraries
libkrb5-3:i386 i386 MIT Kerberos runtime libraries
libkrb5support0:i386 i386 MIT Kerberos runtime libraries - Support library
liblcms2-2:i386 i386 Little CMS 2 color management library
libldap-2.4-2:i386 i386 OpenLDAP libraries
libllvm9:i386 i386 Modular compiler and toolchain technologies, runtime library
libltdl7:i386 i386 System independent dlopen wrapper for GNU libtool
liblz4-1:i386 i386 Fast LZ compression algorithm library - runtime
liblzma5:i386 i386 XZ-format compression library
libmount1:i386 i386 device mounting library
libmp3lame0:i386 i386 MP3 encoding library
libmpg123-0:i386 i386 MPEG layer 1/2/3 audio decoder (shared library)
libmysqlclient21:i386 i386 MySQL database client library
libncurses6:i386 i386 shared libraries for terminal handling
libncursesw6:i386 i386 shared libraries for terminal handling (wide character support)
libnettle7:i386 i386 low level cryptographic library (symmetric and one-way cryptos)
libnghttp2-14:i386 i386 library implementing HTTP/2 protocol (shared library)
libnuma1:i386 i386 Libraries for controlling NUMA policy
libnvidia-compute-440:i386 i386 NVIDIA libcompute package
libnvidia-decode-440:i386 i386 NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
libnvidia-encode-440:i386 i386 NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
libnvidia-fbc1-440:i386 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
libnvidia-gl-440:i386 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
libnvidia-ifr1-440:i386 i386 NVIDIA OpenGL-based Inband Frame Readback runtime library
libodbc1:i386 i386 ODBC library for Unix
libogg0:i386 i386 Ogg bitstream library
libopenal1:i386 i386 Software implementation of the OpenAL audio API (shared library)
libopenjp2-7:i386 i386 JPEG 2000 image compression/decompression library
libopus0:i386 i386 Opus codec runtime library
liborc-0.4-0:i386 i386 Library of Optimized Inner Loops Runtime Compiler
libosmesa6:i386 i386 Mesa Off-screen rendering extension
libp11-kit0:i386 i386 library for loading and coordinating access to PKCS#11 modules - runtime
libpango-1.0-0:i386 i386 Layout and rendering of internationalized text
libpangocairo-1.0-0:i386 i386 Layout and rendering of internationalized text
libpangoft2-1.0-0:i386 i386 Layout and rendering of internationalized text
libpcap0.8:i386 i386 system interface for user-level packet capture
libpci3:i386 i386 PCI utilities (shared library)
libpciaccess0:i386 i386 Generic PCI access library for X
libpcre2-8-0:i386 i386 New Perl Compatible Regular Expression Library- 8 bit runtime files
libpcre3:i386 i386 Old Perl 5 Compatible Regular Expression Library - runtime files
libperl5.30:i386 i386 shared Perl library
libpixman-1-0:i386 i386 pixel-manipulation library for X and cairo
libpng16-16:i386 i386 PNG library - runtime (version 1.6)
libproxy1v5:i386 i386 automatic proxy configuration management library (shared)
libpsl5:i386 i386 Library for Public Suffix List (shared libraries)
libpulse0:i386 i386 PulseAudio client libraries
libraw1394-11:i386 i386 library for direct access to IEEE 1394 bus (aka FireWire)
libroken18-heimdal:i386 i386 Heimdal Kerberos - roken support library
librsvg2-2:i386 i386 SAX-based renderer library for SVG files (runtime)
librsvg2-common:i386 i386 SAX-based renderer library for SVG files (extra runtime)
librtmp1:i386 i386 toolkit for RTMP streams (shared library)
libsamplerate0:i386 i386 Audio sample rate conversion library
libsane:i386 i386 API library for scanners
libsasl2-2:i386 i386 Cyrus SASL - authentication abstraction library
libsasl2-modules:i386 i386 Cyrus SASL - pluggable authentication modules
libsasl2-modules-db:i386 i386 Cyrus SASL - pluggable authentication modules (DB)
libsdl2-2.0-0:i386 i386 Simple DirectMedia Layer
libselinux1:i386 i386 SELinux runtime shared libraries
libsensors5:i386 i386 library to read temperature/voltage/fan sensors
libshine3:i386 i386 Fixed-point MP3 encoding library - runtime files
libshout3:i386 i386 MP3/Ogg Vorbis broadcast streaming library
libslang2:i386 i386 S-Lang programming library - runtime version
libsnappy1v5:i386 i386 fast compression/decompression library
libsndfile1:i386 i386 Library for reading/writing audio files
libsndio7.0:i386 i386 Small audio and MIDI framework from OpenBSD, runtime libraries
libsnmp35:i386 i386 SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) library
libsoup2.4-1:i386 i386 HTTP library implementation in C -- Shared library
libsoxr0:i386 i386 High quality 1D sample-rate conversion library
libspeex1:i386 i386 The Speex codec runtime library
libsqlite3-0:i386 i386 SQLite 3 shared library
libssh-4:i386 i386 tiny C SSH library (OpenSSL flavor)
libssl1.1:i386 i386 Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries
libstb0:i386 i386 single-file public domain (or MIT licensed) libraries for C/C++
libstdc++6:i386 i386 GNU Standard C++ Library v3
libswresample3:i386 i386 FFmpeg library for audio resampling, rematrixing etc. - runtime files
libsystemd0:i386 i386 systemd utility library
libtag1v5:i386 i386 audio meta-data library
libtag1v5-vanilla:i386 i386 audio meta-data library - vanilla flavour
libtasn1-6:i386 i386 Manage ASN.1 structures (runtime)
libthai0:i386 i386 Thai language support library
libtheora0:i386 i386 Theora Video Compression Codec
libtiff5:i386 i386 Tag Image File Format (TIFF) library
libtinfo6:i386 i386 shared low-level terminfo library for terminal handling
libtwolame0:i386 i386 MPEG Audio Layer 2 encoding library
libudev1:i386 i386 libudev shared library
libunistring2:i386 i386 Unicode string library for C
libusb-1.0-0:i386 i386 userspace USB programming library
libuuid1:i386 i386 Universally Unique ID library
libv4l-0:i386 i386 Collection of video4linux support libraries
libv4lconvert0:i386 i386 Video4linux frame format conversion library
libva-drm2:i386 i386 Video Acceleration (VA) API for Linux -- DRM runtime
libva-x11-2:i386 i386 Video Acceleration (VA) API for Linux -- X11 runtime
libva2:i386 i386 Video Acceleration (VA) API for Linux -- runtime
libvdpau1:i386 i386 Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix (libraries)
libvisual-0.4-0:i386 i386 audio visualization framework
libvkd3d1:i386 i386 Direct3D 12 to Vulkan translation - library
libvorbis0a:i386 i386 decoder library for Vorbis General Audio Compression Codec
libvorbisenc2:i386 i386 encoder library for Vorbis General Audio Compression Codec
libvpx6:i386 i386 VP8 and VP9 video codec (shared library)
libvulkan1:i386 i386 Vulkan loader library
libwavpack1:i386 i386 audio codec (lossy and lossless) - library
libwayland-client0:i386 i386 wayland compositor infrastructure - client library
libwayland-cursor0:i386 i386 wayland compositor infrastructure - cursor library
libwayland-egl1:i386 i386 wayland compositor infrastructure - EGL library
libwebp6:i386 i386 Lossy compression of digital photographic images.
libwebpmux3:i386 i386 Lossy compression of digital photographic images.
libwind0-heimdal:i386 i386 Heimdal Kerberos - stringprep implementation
libwine:i386 i386 Windows API implementation - library
libwrap0:i386 i386 Wietse Venema's TCP wrappers library
libx11-6:i386 i386 X11 client-side library
libx11-xcb1:i386 i386 Xlib/XCB interface library
libx264-155:i386 i386 x264 video coding library
libx265-179:i386 i386 H.265/HEVC video stream encoder (shared library)
libxau6:i386 i386 X11 authorisation library
libxcb-dri2-0:i386 i386 X C Binding, dri2 extension
libxcb-dri3-0:i386 i386 X C Binding, dri3 extension
libxcb-glx0:i386 i386 X C Binding, glx extension
libxcb-present0:i386 i386 X C Binding, present extension
libxcb-randr0:i386 i386 X C Binding, randr extension
libxcb-render0:i386 i386 X C Binding, render extension
libxcb-shm0:i386 i386 X C Binding, shm extension
libxcb-sync1:i386 i386 X C Binding, sync extension
libxcb-xfixes0:i386 i386 X C Binding, xfixes extension
libxcb1:i386 i386 X C Binding
libxcomposite1:i386 i386 X11 Composite extension library
libxcursor1:i386 i386 X cursor management library
libxdamage1:i386 i386 X11 damaged region extension library
libxdmcp6:i386 i386 X11 Display Manager Control Protocol library
libxext6:i386 i386 X11 miscellaneous extension library
libxfixes3:i386 i386 X11 miscellaneous 'fixes' extension library
libxi6:i386 i386 X11 Input extension library
libxinerama1:i386 i386 X11 Xinerama extension library
libxkbcommon0:i386 i386 library interface to the XKB compiler - shared library
libxml2:i386 i386 GNOME XML library
libxpm4:i386 i386 X11 pixmap library
libxrandr2:i386 i386 X11 RandR extension library
libxrender1:i386 i386 X Rendering Extension client library
libxshmfence1:i386 i386 X shared memory fences - shared library
libxslt1.1:i386 i386 XSLT 1.0 processing library - runtime library
libxss1:i386 i386 X11 Screen Saver extension library
libxv1:i386 i386 X11 Video extension library
libxvidcore4:i386 i386 Open source MPEG-4 video codec (library)
libxxf86vm1:i386 i386 X11 XFree86 video mode extension library
libzstd1:i386 i386 fast lossless compression algorithm
libzvbi0:i386 i386 Vertical Blanking Interval decoder (VBI) - runtime files
mesa-va-drivers:i386 i386 Mesa VA-API video acceleration drivers
mesa-vdpau-drivers:i386 i386 Mesa VDPAU video acceleration drivers
mesa-vulkan-drivers:i386 i386 Mesa Vulkan graphics drivers
ocl-icd-libopencl1:i386 i386 Generic OpenCL ICD Loader
va-driver-all:i386 i386 Video Acceleration (VA) API -- driver metapackage
vdpau-driver-all:i386 i386 Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix (driver metapackage)
wine32:i386 i386 Windows API implementation - 32-bit binary loader
zlib1g:i386 i386 compression library - runtime
所有这些软件包仍然有用吗?它们有 amd64 等效版本吗?如果 Ubuntu 20.04 已经放弃了对 i386 的支持,为什么在安装过程中没有删除这些软件包?
编辑
促使我问这个问题的是因为sudo apt update
输出了这两行:
N: Skipping acquire of configured file 'main/binary-i386/Packages' as repository 'http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease' doesn't support architecture 'i386'
N: Skipping acquire of configured file 'main/binary-i386/Packages' as repository 'http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable InRelease' doesn't support architecture 'i386'