以下是 lspci 的输出：
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 8th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 07)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 630 (Desktop)
00:08.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/v6 / E3-1500 v5 / 6th/7th/8th Gen Core Processor Gaussian Mixture Model
00:12.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH Thermal Controller (rev 10)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH USB 3.1 xHCI Host Controller (rev 10)
00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH Shared SRAM (rev 10)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH HECI Controller (rev 10)
00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH SATA AHCI Controller (rev 10)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH PCI Express Root Port #6 (rev f0)
00:1c.6 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH PCI Express Root Port #7 (rev f0)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Device a308 (rev 10)
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH cAVS (rev 10)
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH SMBus Controller (rev 10)
00:1f.5 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH SPI Controller (rev 10)
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0c)
02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165 Plus Bluetooth (rev 99)
我的硬盘上有两个系统：OpenSUSE 和 Ubuntu，安装 Ubuntu 后，两个系统都没有声音，而且都出现了同样的错误。我该如何修复声音？另外，我使用 EFI。
更多信息：
Module #0
Name: module-device-restore
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Automatically restore the volume/mute state of devices"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #1
Name: module-stream-restore
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Automatically restore the volume/mute/device state of streams"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #2
Name: module-card-restore
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Automatically restore profile of cards"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #3
Name: module-augment-properties
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Augment the property sets of streams with additional static information"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #4
Name: module-switch-on-port-available
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "David Henningsson"
module.description = "Switches ports and profiles when devices are plugged/unplugged"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #5
Name: module-switch-on-connect
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Michael Terry"
module.description = "When a sink/source is added, switch to it or conditionally switch to it"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #6
Name: module-udev-detect
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Detect available audio hardware and load matching drivers"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #8
Name: module-bluetooth-policy
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Frédéric Dalleau, Pali Rohár"
module.description = "Policy module to make using bluetooth devices out-of-the-box easier"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #9
Name: module-bluetooth-discover
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "João Paulo Rechi Vita"
module.description = "Detect available Bluetooth daemon and load the corresponding discovery module"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #10
Name: module-bluez5-discover
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "João Paulo Rechi Vita"
module.description = "Detect available BlueZ 5 Bluetooth audio devices and load BlueZ 5 Bluetooth audio drivers"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #11
Name: module-native-protocol-unix
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Native protocol (UNIX sockets)"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #12
Name: module-default-device-restore
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Automatically restore the default sink and source"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #13
Name: module-always-sink
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
module.description = "Always keeps at least one sink loaded even if it's a null one"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #14
Name: module-null-sink
Argument: sink_name=auto_null sink_properties='device.description="Dummy Output"'
Usage counter: 0
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Clocked NULL sink"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #15
Name: module-intended-roles
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Automatically set device of streams based on intended roles of devices"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #16
Name: module-suspend-on-idle
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "When a sink/source is idle for too long, suspend it"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #17
Name: module-console-kit
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Create a client for each ConsoleKit session of this user"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #18
Name: module-systemd-login
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Create a client for each login session of this user"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #19
Name: module-position-event-sounds
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Position event sounds between L and R depending on the position on screen of the widget triggering them."
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #20
Name: module-role-cork
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Mute & cork streams with certain roles while others exist"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #21
Name: module-snap-policy
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Canonical Ltd"
module.description = "Ubuntu Snap policy management"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #22
Name: module-filter-heuristics
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
module.description = "Detect when various filters are desirable"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #23
Name: module-filter-apply
Argument:
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Colin Guthrie"
module.description = "Load filter sinks automatically when needed"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #24
Name: module-x11-publish
Argument: display=:0 xauthority=/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "X11 credential publisher"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #25
Name: module-x11-cork-request
Argument: display=:0 xauthority=/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "Synthesize X11 media key events when cork/uncork is requested"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Module #26
Name: module-x11-xsmp
Argument: display=:0 xauthority=/run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority session_manager=local/linux:@/tmp/.ICE-unix/1506,unix/linux:/tmp/.ICE-unix/1506
Usage counter: n/a
Properties:
module.author = "Lennart Poettering"
module.description = "X11 session management"
module.version = "13.99.1"
Sink #0
State: SUSPENDED
Name: auto_null
Description: Dummy Output
Driver: module-null-sink.c
Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
Channel Map: front-left,front-right
Owner Module: 14
Mute: no
Volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
balance 0,00
Base Volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
Monitor Source: auto_null.monitor
Latency: 0 usec, configured 0 usec
Flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY SET_FORMATS
Properties:
device.description = "Dummy Output"
device.class = "abstract"
device.icon_name = "audio-card"
Formats:
pcm
Source #0
State: SUSPENDED
Name: auto_null.monitor
Description: Monitor of Dummy Output
Driver: module-null-sink.c
Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
Channel Map: front-left,front-right
Owner Module: 14
Mute: no
Volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
balance 0,00
Base Volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
Monitor of Sink: auto_null
Latency: 0 usec, configured 0 usec
Flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY
Properties:
device.description = "Monitor of Dummy Output"
device.class = "monitor"
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
Formats:
pcm
Client #0
Driver: module-systemd-login.c
Owner Module: 18
Properties:
application.name = "Login Session 2"
systemd-login.session = "2"
Client #4
Driver: module-x11-xsmp.c
Owner Module: 26
Properties:
application.name = "XSMP Session on gnome-session as 1023d146495a173160956504714546600000015060060"
xsmp.vendor = "gnome-session"
xsmp.client.id = "1023d146495a173160956504714546600000015060060"
Client #5
Driver: protocol-native.c
Owner Module: 11
Properties:
application.name = "GNOME Shell Volume Control"
native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
native-protocol.version = "33"
application.id = "org.gnome.VolumeControl"
application.icon_name = "multimedia-volume-control"
application.version = "3.36.4"
application.process.id = "1525"
application.process.user = "iam"
application.process.host = "linux"
application.process.binary = "gnome-shell"
application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
window.x11.display = ":0"
application.process.machine_id = "d58fcf10d2034b5ea2065f84708ec927"
Client #6
Driver: protocol-native.c
Owner Module: 11
Properties:
application.name = "GNOME Volume Control Media Keys"
native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
native-protocol.version = "33"
application.id = "org.gnome.VolumeControl"
application.icon_name = "multimedia-volume-control"
application.version = ""
application.process.id = "1675"
application.process.user = "iam"
application.process.host = "linux"
application.process.binary = "gsd-media-keys"
application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
window.x11.display = ":0"
application.process.machine_id = "d58fcf10d2034b5ea2065f84708ec927"
Client #7
Driver: protocol-native.c
Owner Module: 11
Properties:
application.name = "org.gnome.Shell.Extensions"
native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
native-protocol.version = "33"
window.x11.display = ":0"
window.x11.screen = "0"
application.process.id = "1834"
application.process.user = "iam"
application.process.host = "linux"
application.process.binary = "gjs-console"
application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
application.process.machine_id = "d58fcf10d2034b5ea2065f84708ec927"
Client #10
Driver: protocol-native.c
Owner Module: 11
Properties:
application.name = "Mutter"
native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
native-protocol.version = "33"
application.process.id = "1525"
application.process.user = "iam"
application.process.host = "linux"
application.process.binary = "gnome-shell"
application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
window.x11.display = ":0"
application.process.machine_id = "d58fcf10d2034b5ea2065f84708ec927"
Client #11
Driver: protocol-native.c
Owner Module: 11
Properties:
application.name = "Firefox"
native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
native-protocol.version = "33"
window.x11.display = ":0"
window.x11.screen = "0"
application.process.id = "1980"
application.process.user = "iam"
application.process.host = "linux"
application.process.binary = "firefox"
application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
application.process.machine_id = "d58fcf10d2034b5ea2065f84708ec927"
application.icon_name = "firefox"
Client #12
Driver: protocol-native.c
Owner Module: 11
Properties:
application.name = "Firefox"
native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
native-protocol.version = "33"
application.icon_name = "firefox"
application.version = "84.0"
application.process.id = "1980"
application.process.user = "iam"
application.process.host = "linux"
application.process.binary = "firefox"
application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
window.x11.display = ":0"
application.process.machine_id = "d58fcf10d2034b5ea2065f84708ec927"
Client #22
Driver: protocol-native.c
Owner Module: 11
Properties:
application.name = "Terminal"
native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
native-protocol.version = "33"
application.icon_name = "org.gnome.Terminal"
window.x11.display = ":0"
window.x11.screen = "0"
application.process.id = "3245"
application.process.user = "iam"
application.process.host = "linux"
application.process.binary = "gnome-terminal-server"
application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
application.process.machine_id = "d58fcf10d2034b5ea2065f84708ec927"
Client #25
Driver: protocol-native.c
Owner Module: 11
Properties:
application.name = "pactl"
native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
native-protocol.version = "33"
application.process.id = "3387"
application.process.user = "iam"
application.process.host = "linux"
application.process.binary = "pactl"
application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
window.x11.display = ":0"
application.process.machine_id = "d58fcf10d2034b5ea2065f84708ec927"
Sample #0
Name: bell-window-system
Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
Channel Map: front-left,front-right
Volume: (invalid)
balance 0,00
Duration: 0,3s
Size: 49,9 KiB
Lazy: no
Filename: n/a
Properties:
media.role = "event"
event.description = "Bell event"
event.id = "bell-window-system"
media.name = "bell-window-system"
media.filename = "/usr/share//sounds/Yaru/stereo/bell.oga"
application.name = "Mutter"
native-protocol.peer = "UNIX socket client"
native-protocol.version = "33"
application.process.id = "1525"
application.process.user = "iam"
application.process.host = "linux"
application.process.binary = "gnome-shell"
application.language = "en_US.UTF-8"
window.x11.display = ":0"
application.process.machine_id = "d58fcf10d2034b5ea2065f84708ec927"
日志中的错误文本：
Failed to load module "module-alsa-card" (argument: "device_id="0" name="pci-0000_00_1f.3" card_name="alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3" namereg_fail=false tsched=yes fixed_latency_range=no ignore_dB=no deferred_volume=yes use_ucm=yes avoid_resampling=no card_properties="module-udev-detect.discovered=1""): initialization failed.
lspci -nnk | grep -A2 Audio 的输出
00:1f.3 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation Cannon Lake PCH cAVS [8086:a348] (rev 10)
DeviceName: Onboard - Sound
Subsystem: Lenovo Cannon Lake PCH cAVS [17aa:313d]