我有一个双启动系统，其中有 Windows 和 Ubuntu 操作系统。目前，Windows 是默认操作系统。在 Ubuntu 环境中，我使用 Grub Customizer 来更改操作系统的顺序。我有 Paragon 的适用于 Windows 的 Linux 文件系统来读取/写入 Ubuntu 分区。我尝试了多种在线解决方案来更改 Grub 配置文件，但在我安装了 Grub Customizer 的情况下，它们都不起作用。在 Windows 下的文件中grub，我将其更改GRUB_DEFAULT=0为 GRUB_DEFAULT=1，其中0和1是 Windows 和 Ubuntu 的顺序。但这并没有启动回 Ubuntu。我注意到更改 Grub Customizer 中的顺序并没有改变文件GRUB_DEFAULT中的值。/etc/default/grub
当 Ubuntu 中安装了 Grub Customizer 时，如何通过编辑 Grub 文件从 Windows 切换回 Ubuntu？以下是/etc/default/grub和/boot/grub/grub.cfg文件：
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
# info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
GRUB_DEFAULT="0"
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE="hidden"
GRUB_TIMEOUT="10"
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"
# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL="console"
# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE="640x480"
# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID="true"
# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"
grub.cfg文件：
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
set have_grubenv=true
load_env
fi
if [ "${initrdfail}" = 2 ]; then
set initrdfail=
elif [ "${initrdfail}" = 1 ]; then
set next_entry="${prev_entry}"
set prev_entry=
save_env prev_entry
if [ "${next_entry}" ]; then
set initrdfail=2
fi
fi
if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
set default="${next_entry}"
set next_entry=
save_env next_entry
set boot_once=true
else
set default="0"
fi
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
menuentry_id_option=""
fi
export menuentry_id_option
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function initrdfail {
if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -n "${partuuid}" ]; then
if [ -z "${initrdfail}" ]; then
set initrdfail=1
if [ -n "${boot_once}" ]; then
set prev_entry="${default}"
save_env prev_entry
fi
fi
save_env initrdfail
fi; fi
}
function recordfail {
set recordfail=1
if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
}
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
}
if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
fi
font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi
if loadfont $font ; then
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
set lang=en_US
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then
set timeout=30
else
if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then
set timeout_style=hidden
set timeout=10
# Fallback hidden-timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is
# unavailable.
elif sleep --interruptible 10 ; then
set timeout=0
fi
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux_proxy ###
function gfxmode {
set gfxpayload="${1}"
if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then
set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=1
else
set vt_handoff=
fi
}
if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then
if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then
if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then
if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
export linux_gfx_mode
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux_proxy ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober_proxy ###
menuentry "Windows" --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-efi-82B9-41CD' {
insmod part_gpt
insmod fat
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 82B9-41CD
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 82B9-41CD
fi
chainloader /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
}
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober_proxy ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/31_linux_proxy ###
menuentry "Ubuntu" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
fi
linux /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-97-generic root=UUID=6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
initrd /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-97-generic
}
### END /etc/grub.d/31_linux_proxy ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/33_linux_zfs ###
### END /etc/grub.d/33_linux_zfs ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/36_linux_proxy ###
submenu "Advanced options for Ubuntu"{
menuentry "Ubuntu, with Linux 5.4.0-97-generic" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.4.0-97-generic-advanced-6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 5.4.0-97-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-97-generic root=UUID=6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-97-generic
}
menuentry "Ubuntu, with Linux 5.4.0-97-generic (recovery mode)" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.4.0-97-generic-recovery-6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 5.4.0-97-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-97-generic root=UUID=6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948 ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-97-generic
}
menuentry "Ubuntu, with Linux 5.4.0-96-generic" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.4.0-96-generic-advanced-6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 5.4.0-96-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-96-generic root=UUID=6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-96-generic
}
menuentry "Ubuntu, with Linux 5.4.0-96-generic (recovery mode)" --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.4.0-96-generic-recovery-6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 5.4.0-96-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-96-generic root=UUID=6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948 ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-96-generic
}
}
### END /etc/grub.d/36_linux_proxy ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/37_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/37_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/38_memtest86+ ###
### END /etc/grub.d/38_memtest86+ ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/39_os-prober_proxy ###
set timeout_style=menu
if [ "${timeout}" = 0 ]; then
set timeout=10
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/39_os-prober_proxy ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_uefi-firmware ###
menuentry 'System setup' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {
fwsetup
}
### END /etc/grub.d/40_uefi-firmware ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/42_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/42_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/43_custom ###
if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/43_custom ###
任何帮助深表感谢。
答案1
如果你要复制
菜单条目“Ubuntu” --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option'gnulinux-simple-6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948' { recordfail load_video gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio 如果 [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; 然后 insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 如果 [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ];然后搜索 --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948 否则搜索 --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948 fi linux /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-97-generic root=UUID=6bf5eb39-ee48-4b45-a2a7-38c91f2da948 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-5.4.0-97-generic
它位于### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/31_linux_proxy ###您的“grub.cfg”中，位于### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux_proxy ###已有内容的末尾，然后像这样保存它（先复制并命名为 grub.cfg.bck），您应该启动到 Ubuntu。为什么？因为 Ubuntu 高于 Windows（10 低于 30（较低的数字比较高的数字更重要））。
由于您使用的是 Windows，我想提一下，有一个名为Grub2wingrub 的程序，您可以在 Windows 中安装它。我自己使用它（三重启动 Kubuntu、Mint 和 Windows 10），并将其设置为默认引导加载程序。当我获得 Windows 更新时，它建议 Windows 引导加载程序接管 grub（Linux 引导加载程序）。每次 Windows 更新后，它都为我节省了很多工作。