我的电脑上内置有 iwlwifi 卡母板。我可以看到该卡，尽管它显示为以太网卡？
hutber@hutber:~$ lspci -nnk | grep 0280 -A3
00:14.3 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:7af0] (rev 11)
DeviceName: Onboard - Ethernet
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device [8086:0094]
Kernel modules: iwlwifi
然而，当检查它是否正常工作时，它确实抱怨固件：
hutber@hutber:~$ dmesg | grep iwl
[ 9.236975] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 9.238500] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-63.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.238598] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-62.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.238694] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-61.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.238710] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-60.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.238725] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-59.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.238738] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-58.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.238750] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-57.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.238902] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-56.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.238991] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-55.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239005] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-54.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239017] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-53.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239031] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-52.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239044] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-51.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239148] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-50.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239161] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-49.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239173] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-48.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239186] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-47.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239197] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-46.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239212] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-45.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239225] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-44.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239234] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-43.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239246] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-42.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239258] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-41.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239269] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-40.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239281] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-39.ucode failed with error -2
[ 9.239282] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: no suitable firmware found!
[ 9.239300] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: minimum version required: iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-39
[ 9.239319] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: maximum version supported: iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-63
[ 9.239338] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: check git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git
所以我尝试安装 sudo apt install backport-iwlwifi-dkms 但因为盲目射击而被电脑狗打了一巴掌：
hutber@hutber:~$ sudo apt install backport-iwlwifi-dkms
[sudo] password for hutber:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-5.4.0-105 linux-headers-5.4.0-105-generic linux-image-5.4.0-105-generic linux-modules-5.4.0-105-generic
linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-105-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following NEW packages will be installed
backport-iwlwifi-dkms
0 to upgrade, 1 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade.
Need to get 1,568 kB of archives.
After this operation, 10.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 backport-iwlwifi-dkms all 8324-0ubuntu3~20.04.4 [1,568 kB]
Fetched 1,568 kB in 1s (2,130 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package backport-iwlwifi-dkms.
(Reading database ... 509974 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../backport-iwlwifi-dkms_8324-0ubuntu3~20.04.4_all.deb ...
Unpacking backport-iwlwifi-dkms (8324-0ubuntu3~20.04.4) ...
Setting up backport-iwlwifi-dkms (8324-0ubuntu3~20.04.4) ...
Loading new backport-iwlwifi-8324 DKMS files...
Building for 5.13.0-39-generic
Building initial module for 5.13.0-39-generic
Error! The /var/lib/dkms/backport-iwlwifi/8324/5.13.0-39-generic/x86_64/dkms.conf for module backport-iwlwifi includes a BUILD_EXCLUSIVE directive which
does not match this kernel/arch. This indicates that it should not be built.
Skipped.
我正在运行 Ubuntu 20.04，内核为 5.13.0-39
答案1
您面临的直接问题是您正在运行最新的 20.04 内核 5.13.0-39-generic，并且您没有适合iwlwifi-so*.ucode您的 wifi 卡的固件文件，并且backport-iwlwifi-dkms您尝试安装的固件文件无法与您当前的内核一起使用。
所需的iwlwifi-so-a0-gf-a0-63.ucode固件似乎不存在于任何linux-firmwareblob 中。
backport-iwlwifi-dkms_8324-0ubuntu3~20.04.4_all.deb无法在未经修改的最新 20.04 内核 5.13.0-39-generic 上安装。请参阅这里. 但无论如何那都是行不通的。
backport-iwlwifi删除您尝试安装的旧模块...
sudo dkms remove backport-iwlwifi/8324 -k 5.13.0-39-generic
你需要得到顽皮版的backport-iwlwifi-dkms 这里以及最新linux-firmware消息这里。
以这种方式安装这两个文件...
sudo dpkg -i backport-iwlwifi-dkms_9340-0ubuntu4_all.deb
linux-firmware-20220310.tar.gz将sudo cpiwlwifi-so* 文件展开至 /lib/firmware。
reboot
重新测试 wifi。