我大约一个月前才开始使用 Ubuntu。到目前为止，它运行顺利。现在我的电脑一直在崩溃。我进入文件夹 /var/crash 看看是否有任何异常。这是文件夹中的内容。
ls-al / var /崩溃：
total 63504
drwxrwsrwt 2 root whoopsie 4096 Απρ 16 14:01 .
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4096 Μαρ 30 12:48 ..
-rw-r----- 1 angelos whoopsie 8715931 Απρ 13 23:02 _opt_microsoft_msedge_msedge.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie 121927 Απρ 11 18:48 rtbth-dkms.0.crash
-rw-r--r-- 1 root whoopsie 0 Απρ 11 18:48 rtbth-dkms.0.upload
-rw------- 1 whoopsie whoopsie 37 Απρ 11 18:49 rtbth-dkms.0.uploaded
-rw-r----- 1 angelos whoopsie 3716323 Απρ 16 14:01 _usr_bin_file-roller.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 gdm whoopsie 730048 Απρ 11 18:34 _usr_libexec_gnome-session-binary.125.crash
-rw-r----- 1 angelos whoopsie 51716198 Απρ 12 22:49 _usr_lib_x86_64-linux-gnu_opera_opera.1000.crash
（最近几天我一直在尝试修复我的蓝牙，但没有成功，而且这些文件看起来很熟悉）
Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8265U CPU @ 1.60GHz
free -h :
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 7,7Gi 2,0Gi 3,1Gi 534Mi 2,5Gi 4,8Gi
Swap: 2,0Gi 0B 2,0Gi
sysctl vm.swappiness:
vm.swappiness = 60
swapon -s:
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/swapfile file 2097148 0 -2
sudo lshw -C memory:
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: Insyde
physical id: 0
version: F.19
date: 05/06/2019
size: 128KiB
capacity: 13MiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppynec int13floppytoshiba int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int9keyboard int10video acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: L1 Cache
size: 256KiB
capacity: 256KiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
configuration: level=1
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: L2 Cache
size: 1MiB
capacity: 1MiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
configuration: level=2
*-cache:2
description: L3 cache
physical id: 7
slot: L3 Cache
size: 6MiB
capacity: 6MiB
capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified
configuration: level=3
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: 11
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 8GiB
*-bank:0
description: SODIMM DDR4 Synchronous 2400 MHz (0,4 ns)
product: RMSA3260NA78HAF-2400
vendor: Ramaxel Technology
physical id: 0
serial: 11C1552E
slot: Bottom-Slot 1(left)
size: 8GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 2400MHz (0.4ns)
*-bank:1
description: SODIMM DDR Synchronous [empty]
physical id: 1
slot: Bottom-Slot 2(right)
*-memory UNCLAIMED
description: RAM memory
product: Cannon Point-LP Shared SRAM
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 14.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:14.2
version: 30
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz (30.3ns)
capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list
configuration: latency=0
resources: memory:a141c000-a141dfff memory:a1422000-a1422fff
ls -al /var/crash:
total 63504
drwxrwsrwt 2 root whoopsie 4096 Απρ 16 14:01 .
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4096 Μαρ 30 12:48 ..
-rw-r----- 1 angelos whoopsie 8715931 Απρ 13 23:02 _opt_microsoft_msedge_msedge.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie 121927 Απρ 11 18:48 rtbth-dkms.0.crash
-rw-r--r-- 1 root whoopsie 0 Απρ 11 18:48 rtbth-dkms.0.upload
-rw------- 1 whoopsie whoopsie 37 Απρ 11 18:49 rtbth-dkms.0.uploaded
-rw-r----- 1 angelos whoopsie 3716323 Απρ 16 14:01 _usr_bin_file-roller.1000.crash
-rw-r----- 1 gdm whoopsie 730048 Απρ 11 18:34 _usr_libexec_gnome-session-binary.125.crash
-rw-r----- 1 angelos whoopsie 51716198 Απρ 12 22:49 _usr_lib_x86_64-linux-gnu_opera_opera.1000.crash
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0 7:0 0 4K 1 loop /snap/bare/5
loop1 7:1 0 55,5M 1 loop /snap/core18/2344
loop2 7:2 0 399,4M 1 loop /snap/obs-studio/1284
loop3 7:3 0 91,4M 1 loop /snap/p3x-onenote/138
loop4 7:4 0 248,8M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-38-2004/99
loop5 7:5 0 65,2M 1 loop /snap/gtk-common-themes/1519
loop6 7:6 0 61,9M 1 loop /snap/core20/1405
loop7 7:7 0 129,3M 1 loop /snap/teams/7
loop8 7:8 0 169,6M 1 loop /snap/spotify/58
loop9 7:9 0 129,8M 1 loop /snap/teams/6
loop10 7:10 0 61,9M 1 loop /snap/core20/1376
loop11 7:11 0 54,2M 1 loop /snap/snap-store/558
loop12 7:12 0 164,8M 1 loop /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/161
loop13 7:13 0 295,7M 1 loop /snap/vlc/2344
loop14 7:14 0 44,7M 1 loop /snap/snapd/15534
loop15 7:15 0 43,6M 1 loop /snap/snapd/15177
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
nvme0n1 259:0 0 238,5G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1K 0 part
└─nvme0n1p5 259:3 0 238G 0 part /
lspci-nnk：
00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation Coffee Lake HOST and DRAM Controller [8086:3e34] (rev 0c)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Coffee Lake HOST and DRAM Controller [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: skl_uncore
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 620 (Whiskey Lake) [8086:3ea0] (rev 02)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company UHD Graphics 620 (Whiskey Lake) [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel modules: i915
00:04.0 Signal processing controller [1180]: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Thermal Subsystem [8086:1903] (rev 0c)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Thermal Subsystem [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: proc_thermal
Kernel modules: processor_thermal_device
00:08.0 System peripheral [0880]: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/v6 / E3-1500 v5 / 6th/7th/8th Gen Core Processor Gaussian Mixture Model [8086:1911]
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Xeon E3-1200 v5/v6 / E3-1500 v5 / 6th/7th/8th Gen Core Processor Gaussian Mixture Model [103c:8532]
00:12.0 Signal processing controller [1180]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP Thermal Controller [8086:9df9] (rev 30)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Cannon Point-LP Thermal Controller [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: intel_pch_thermal
Kernel modules: intel_pch_thermal
00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP USB 3.1 xHCI Controller [8086:9ded] (rev 30)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Cannon Point-LP USB 3.1 xHCI Controller [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
Kernel modules: xhci_pci
00:14.2 RAM memory [0500]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP Shared SRAM [8086:9def] (rev 30)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Cannon Point-LP Shared SRAM [103c:8532]
00:16.0 Communication controller [0780]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP MEI Controller #1 [8086:9de0] (rev 30)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Cannon Point-LP MEI Controller [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: mei_me
Kernel modules: mei_me
00:17.0 RAID bus controller [0104]: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile SATA Controller [RAID mode] [8086:282a] (rev 30)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 82801 Mobile SATA Controller [RAID mode] [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:1d.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #9 [8086:9db0] (rev f0)
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
00:1d.1 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #10 [8086:9db1] (rev f0)
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
00:1d.4 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP PCI Express Root Port #13 [8086:9db4] (rev f0)
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP LPC Controller [8086:9d84] (rev 30)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Cannon Point-LP LPC Controller [103c:8532]
00:1f.3 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP High Definition Audio Controller [8086:9dc8] (rev 30)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Cannon Point-LP High Definition Audio Controller [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel, snd_sof_pci_intel_cnl
00:1f.4 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP SMBus Controller [8086:9da3] (rev 30)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Cannon Point-LP SMBus Controller [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: i801_smbus
Kernel modules: i2c_i801
00:1f.5 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Cannon Point-LP SPI Controller [8086:9da4] (rev 30)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Cannon Point-LP SPI Controller [103c:8532]
01:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 15)
DeviceName: Realtek Gaming GBE Family Controller
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [103c:8532]
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169
02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8821CE 802.11ac PCIe Wireless Network Adapter [10ec:c821]
DeviceName: WLAN
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company RTL8821CE 802.11ac PCIe Wireless Network Adapter [103c:831a]
Kernel driver in use: rtw_8821ce
Kernel modules: rtw88_8821ce
03:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller [0108]: SK hynix BC501 NVMe Solid State Drive 512GB [1c5c:1327]
Subsystem: SK hynix BC501 NVMe Solid State Drive 512GB [1c5c:0000]
Kernel driver in use: nvme
Kernel modules: nvme
uname -r：
5.13.0-40-generic
安装 rtl8821ce-dkms 后，
dkms 状态：
rtbth/3.9.6: added
rtl8821ce/v5.5.2_34066.20200325, 5.13.0-40-generic, x86_64: installed
sudo dmesg | grep-i hci：
[ 0.676761] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[ 0.676770] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[ 0.676785] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[ 0.676798] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[ 0.676801] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver
[ 0.676811] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver
[ 0.676824] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
[ 0.862771] ahci 0000:00:17.0: version 3.0
[ 0.865484] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 0.865492] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[ 0.866574] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: hcc params 0x200077c1 hci version 0x110 quirks 0x0000000000009810
[ 0.866759] usb usb1: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 0.866761] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 5.13.0-40-generic xhci-hcd
[ 0.875336] ahci 0000:00:17.0: AHCI 0001.0301 32 slots 2 ports 6 Gbps 0x3 impl RAID mode
[ 0.875341] ahci 0000:00:17.0: flags: 64bit ncq sntf pm clo only pio slum part deso sadm sds apst
[ 0.875822] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: xHCI Host Controller
[ 0.875826] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[ 0.875829] xhci_hcd 0000:00:14.0: Host supports USB 3.1 Enhanced SuperSpeed
[ 0.875869] usb usb2: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 0.875870] usb usb2: Manufacturer: Linux 5.13.0-40-generic xhci-hcd
[ 0.882058] scsi host0: ahci
[ 0.882234] scsi host1: ahci
[ 1.207499] usb 1-3: new full-speed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[ 1.487603] usb 1-5: new high-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[ 1905.257593] usb 1-3: new full-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd
[ 2125.196327] usb 2-1: new SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
答案1
BIOS
HP 15q-ds1000tu (6EW00PA) 笔记本电脑
您使用的是 2019 年 5 月 6 日发布的非常旧的 BIOS 版本 F.19。现在有更新的 BIOS 可用，即 2021 年 9 月 7 日发布的版本 F.38 Rev A这里。
笔记：确认我拥有适合您计算机的正确网页。
笔记：执行 BIOS 更新之前请做好备份。
记忆
听起来你的内存（或 BIOS）有问题。
去https://www.memtest86.com/并免费下载/运行它们memtest来测试你的记忆力。至少完成一次所有 4/4 测试以确认记忆力良好。这可能需要几个小时才能完成。
蓝牙
听起来你遇到了蓝牙问题。我需要了解更多详细信息。我怀疑你安装的蓝牙驱动程序 (rtbth-dkms) 不正确，需要将其删除。
给我看看dkms status。
交换
我们将您的 /swapfile 从 2G 增加到 4G。
笔记：错误使用rm和dd命令可能会导致数据丢失。建议复制/粘贴。
在里面terminal...
sudo swapoff -a # turn off swap
sudo rm -i /swapfile # remove old /swapfile
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=4096
sudo chmod 600 /swapfile # set proper file protections
sudo mkswap /swapfile # init /swapfile
sudo swapon /swapfile # turn on swap
free -h # confirm 8G RAM and 4G swap
sudo -H gedit /etc/fstab使用或编辑 /etc/fstab sudo pico /etc/fstab。
确认 /etc/fstab 中的此 /swapfile 行...并确认没有其他“交换”行...在此行中使用空格...确认没有制表符...
/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
reboot # reboot and verify operation