我正在尝试在旧的 Macbook Air 上双启动 Windows 10 和 Ubuntu。我首先安装了 Windows 10，一切顺利，然后安装了 Ubuntu，似乎也运行良好，但现在 Windows 10 无法启动。一旦我在 Grub 中选择该选项，我只会看到黑屏，什么也没发生。
我尝试使用活动磁盘运行 Boot-Repair，以下是输出： https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/YhKdbQYMbQ/和/或https://pastebin.com/4ADDjuHp
============================== Boot Info Summary ===============================
=> Lilo is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.
=> Syslinux MBR (3.61-4.03) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb.
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: Windows 8/2012: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi
/efi/Boot/fbx64.efi /efi/Boot/mmx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/mmx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/shimx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/memtest.efi
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda3: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows 8 or 10
Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe
sda4: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
sda5: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /etc/default/grub
sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /efi/BOOT/grubx64.efi
================================ 2 OS detected =================================
OS#1: Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS on sda5
OS#2: Windows 8 or 10 on sda3
============================ Architecture/Host Info ============================
CPU architecture: 64-bit
Live-session OS is Ubuntu 64-bit (Boot-Repair-Disk 64bit 20200604, bionic, x86_64)
===================================== UEFI =====================================
BIOS is EFI-compatible, and is setup in EFI-mode for this live-session.
efibootmgr -v
BootCurrent: 0000
Timeout: 5 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0001,0080
Boot0000* ubuntu HD(1,GPT,c3889d54-2a2b-4838-bfcf-82025f71141b,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)
Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,c3889d54-2a2b-4838-bfcf-82025f71141b,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...a................
Boot0080* Mac OS X PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1c,0x5)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(3,GPT,c8bd186c-9563-4c08-b2bc-17ebcab815a6,0x1d250438,0x135f20)
Boot0082* PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1c,0x5)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(3,GPT,332608e5-2a5b-4d0b-b54d-04c352487a38,0x1d250438,0x135f20)
BootFFFF* PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1c,0x5)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(3,GPT,d41377ea-b4a5-4061-85cd-731fd2070ab4,0x14746358,0x5000000)/File(\System\Library\CoreServices\boot.efi)
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 sda1/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 sda1/Boot/bootx64.efi
85fa9d77b929ec4231aba29476574eb6 sda1/Boot/fbx64.efi
469e608783843a701d172242f016c79c sda1/Boot/mmx64.efi
fa1bf1a7f90a852abe0bdbd089b7f1b0 sda1/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
469e608783843a701d172242f016c79c sda1/ubuntu/mmx64.efi
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 sda1/ubuntu/shimx64.efi
3ff213addd49e6515922de34952223ad sda1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
b8736f6dbf1baf951d389be5a519fb32 sda1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
============================= Drive/Partition Info =============================
Disks info: ____________________________________________________________________
sda : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has---ESP, not-usb, not-mmc, has-os, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
Partitions info (1/3): _________________________________________________________
sda1 : no-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
sda3 : is-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
sda4 : no-os, 32, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
sda5 : is-os, 64, apt-get, signed grub-pc grub-efi , grub2, grub-install, grubenv-ok, update-grub, farbios
Partitions info (2/3): _________________________________________________________
sda1 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda3 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda4 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, recovery-or-hidden, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda5 : isnotESP, fstab-has-goodEFI, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
Partitions info (3/3): _________________________________________________________
sda1 : not-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sda
sda3 : not-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sda
sda4 : not-sepboot, no-boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, std-grub.d, sda
sda5 : not-sepboot, with-boot, fstab-without-boot, not-sep-usr, with--usr, fstab-without-usr, std-grub.d, sda
fdisk -l (filtered): ___________________________________________________________
Disk sda: 233.8 GiB, 251000193024 bytes, 490234752 sectors
Disk identifier: 732B2CBA-A0B8-4CA0-8466-E7635C1058CC
Start End Sectors Size Type
sda1 2048 206847 204800 100M EFI System
sda2 206848 239615 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
sda3 239616 121836172 121596557 58G Microsoft basic data
sda4 121837568 122879999 1042432 509M Windows recovery environment
sda5 122880000 490233855 367353856 175.2G Linux filesystem
Disk sdb: 956 MiB, 1002438656 bytes, 1957888 sectors
Disk identifier: D0F4F353-01FF-4534-8A77-B942867398D0
Start End Sectors Size Type
sdb1 2048 1955839 1953792 954M Microsoft basic data
Disk zram0: 983.1 MiB, 1030836224 bytes, 251669 sectors
Disk zram1: 983.1 MiB, 1030836224 bytes, 251669 sectors
Disk zram2: 983.1 MiB, 1030836224 bytes, 251669 sectors
Disk zram3: 983.1 MiB, 1030836224 bytes, 251669 sectors
parted -lm (filtered): _________________________________________________________
sda:251GB:scsi:512:4096:gpt:ATA APPLE SSD SM0256:;
1:1049kB:106MB:105MB:fat32:EFI system partition:boot, esp;
2:106MB:123MB:16.8MB::Microsoft reserved partition:msftres;
3:123MB:62.4GB:62.3GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
4:62.4GB:62.9GB:534MB:ntfs::hidden, diag;
5:62.9GB:251GB:188GB:ext4::;
sdb:1002MB:scsi:512:512:gpt:USB Flash Disk:;
1:1049kB:1001MB:1000MB:fat32::msftdata;
zram3:1031MB:unknown:4096:4096:loop:Unknown:;
1:0.00B:1031MB:1031MB:linux-swap(v1)::;
zram1:1031MB:unknown:4096:4096:loop:Unknown:;
1:0.00B:1031MB:1031MB:linux-swap(v1)::;
zram2:1031MB:unknown:4096:4096:loop:Unknown:;
1:0.00B:1031MB:1031MB:linux-swap(v1)::;
zram0:1031MB:unknown:4096:4096:loop:Unknown:;
1:0.00B:1031MB:1031MB:linux-swap(v1)::;
blkid (filtered): ______________________________________________________________
NAME FSTYPE UUID PARTUUID LABEL PARTLABEL
sda
├─sda1 vfat 2602-5B7D c3889d54-2a2b-4838-bfcf-82025f71141b EFI system partition
├─sda2 09753254-cdc0-4e90-a663-d237011082c8 Microsoft reserved partition
├─sda3 ntfs 6E2E0E252E0DE6C5 687a5e3a-ab98-4b94-927b-122fbc7fe0ba Basic data partition
├─sda4 ntfs 004E6E5B4E6E4A0C a0818e84-cd05-4c03-ad65-d859337992b6
└─sda5 ext4 8d660e4d-98ac-4acc-b501-4f362a79c800 02f0f109-61af-4eae-9d58-ca0948e5e7dc
sdb
└─sdb1 vfat 6E9E-1B0F 85612771-35ad-4c18-983b-a0cd510dae00 UNTITLED
zram0
zram1
zram2
zram3
df (filtered): _________________________________________________________________
Avail Use% Mounted on
sda1 65M 32% /mnt/boot-sav/sda1
sda3 44.3G 24% /mnt/boot-sav/sda3
sda4 88.3M 83% /mnt/boot-sav/sda4
sda5 155.8G 4% /mnt/boot-sav/sda5
sdb1 0 100% /cdrom
Mount options: __________________________________________________________________
sda1 rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro
sda3 rw,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
sda4 rw,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
sda5 rw,relatime
sdb1 ro,noatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro
===================== sda1/efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
search.fs_uuid 8d660e4d-98ac-4acc-b501-4f362a79c800 root hd0,gpt5
set prefix=($root)'/boot/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg
====================== sda5/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
Ubuntu 8d660e4d-98ac-4acc-b501-4f362a79c800
Ubuntu, with Linux 5.13.0-30-generic 8d660e4d-98ac-4acc-b501-4f362a79c800
Windows Boot Manager (on sda1) osprober-efi-2602-5B7D
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
========================== sda5/etc/fstab (filtered) ===========================
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=8d660e4d-98ac-4acc-b501-4f362a79c800 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=2602-5B7D /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
======================= sda5/etc/default/grub (filtered) =======================
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false
==================== sda5: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
130.727306366 = 140.367376384 boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
108.907909393 = 116.938977280 boot/vmlinuz 1
108.907909393 = 116.938977280 boot/vmlinuz-5.13.0-30-generic 1
109.316402435 = 117.377593344 boot/initrd.img 2
109.316402435 = 117.377593344 boot/initrd.img-5.13.0-30-generic 2
109.316402435 = 117.377593344 boot/initrd.img.old 2
===================== sda5: ls -l /etc/grub.d/ (filtered) ======================
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18151 Aug 12 2021 10_linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 42359 Aug 12 2021 10_linux_zfs
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 12894 Aug 12 2021 20_linux_xen
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 12059 Aug 12 2021 30_os-prober
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1424 Aug 12 2021 30_uefi-firmware
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Aug 12 2021 40_custom
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 216 Aug 12 2021 41_custom
====================== sdb1/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
Boot-Repair-Disk session
Boot-Repair-Disk session (failsafe)
==================== sdb1: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
=============== sdb1: Version of COM32(R) files used by Syslinux ===============
menu.c32 : not a COM32/COM32R module
======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc =========================
Unknown BootLoader on sdb1
00000000 eb 58 90 42 53 44 20 20 34 2e 34 00 02 08 20 00 |.X.BSD 4.4... .|
00000010 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 20 00 80 00 00 08 00 00 |........ .......|
00000020 00 d0 1d 00 71 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |....q...........|
00000030 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000040 80 00 29 0f 1b 9e 6e 55 4e 54 49 54 4c 45 44 20 |..)...nUNTITLED |
00000050 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 fa 31 c0 8e d0 bc | FAT32 .1....|
00000060 00 7c fb 8e d8 e8 00 00 5e 83 c6 19 bb 07 00 fc |.|......^.......|
00000070 ac 84 c0 74 06 b4 0e cd 10 eb f5 30 e4 cd 16 cd |...t.......0....|
00000080 19 0d 0a 4e 6f 6e 2d 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 64 69 |...Non-system di|
00000090 73 6b 0d 0a 50 72 65 73 73 20 61 6e 79 20 6b 65 |sk..Press any ke|
000000a0 79 20 74 6f 20 72 65 62 6f 6f 74 0d 0a 00 00 00 |y to reboot.....|
000000b0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
*
000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.|
00000200
========= Devices which don't seem to have a corresponding hard drive ==========
sdc
=============================== StdErr Messages ================================
File descriptor 63 (pipe:[52765]) leaked on lvs invocation. Parent PID 18723: /bin/bash
Suggested repair: ______________________________________________________________
The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility would reinstall the grub-efi-amd64-signed of
sda5,
using the following options: sda1/boot/efi,
Additional repair would be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s win-legacy-basic-fix use-standard-efi-file restore-efi-backups
Final advice in case of suggested repair: ______________________________________
Please do not forget to make your UEFI firmware boot on the Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS entry (sda1/efi/****/shim****.efi (**** will be updated in the final message) file) !
If your computer reboots directly into Windows, try to change the boot order in your UEFI firmware.
If your UEFI firmware does not allow to change the boot order, change the default boot entry of the Windows bootloader.
For example you can boot into Windows, then type the following command in an admin command prompt:
bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\****\shim****.efi (**** will be updated in the final message)
答案1
我可以通过使用 gdisk 来实现这一点，如下所述： https://superuser.com/a/508454
一旦我清除混合 MBR 数据，Windows 就能够按预期从 Grub 菜单启动。