我注意到，我插入电脑 USB-C 端口的每个设备（USB 3.1 或者应该说 3.2 Gen. 2 - 这些名字什么鬼）都只能以 2.0 速度（480Mbps）运行。经过一些故障排除后，我发现了以下情况：
如果我关闭机器，将 USB 3 设备插入 USB-C 端口，打开电源并让操作系统启动……它可以以 3.x 的速度正常工作，直到我将其拔下；如果我立即将完全相同的 USB 3 设备以完全相同的方向拔下并插入完全相同的 USB-C 端口，它将开始以 2.0 的速度运行。
日志：
$ lsmod | grep xhci
xhci_pci 24576 0
xhci_pci_renesas 20480 1 xhci_pci
$ lsusb -tvv (Device Plugged at Boot)
/: Bus 04.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 10000M
ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb4 /dev/bus/usb/004/001
|__ Port 2: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=uas, 5000M
ID 0bc2:ab24 Seagate RSS LLC Backup Plus Portable Drive
/sys/bus/usb/devices/4-2 /dev/bus/usb/004/002
/: Bus 03.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/12p, 480M
ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb3 /dev/bus/usb/003/001
|__ Port 4: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
ID 0d8c:0267 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-4 /dev/bus/usb/003/002
|__ Port 4: Dev 2, If 1, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
ID 0d8c:0267 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-4 /dev/bus/usb/003/002
|__ Port 4: Dev 2, If 2, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
ID 0d8c:0267 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-4 /dev/bus/usb/003/002
|__ Port 4: Dev 2, If 3, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
ID 0d8c:0267 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-4 /dev/bus/usb/003/002
|__ Port 7: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Video, Driver=uvcvideo, 480M
ID 04f2:b729 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-7 /dev/bus/usb/003/003
|__ Port 7: Dev 3, If 1, Class=Video, Driver=uvcvideo, 480M
ID 04f2:b729 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-7 /dev/bus/usb/003/003
|__ Port 7: Dev 3, If 2, Class=Application Specific Interface, Driver=, 480M
ID 04f2:b729 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-7 /dev/bus/usb/003/003
|__ Port 10: Dev 4, If 0, Class=Wireless, Driver=btusb, 12M
ID 8087:0029 Intel Corp. AX200 Bluetooth
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-10 /dev/bus/usb/003/004
|__ Port 10: Dev 4, If 1, Class=Wireless, Driver=btusb, 12M
ID 8087:0029 Intel Corp. AX200 Bluetooth
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-10 /dev/bus/usb/003/004
/: Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 10000M
ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb2 /dev/bus/usb/002/001
/: Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/1p, 480M
ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb1 /dev/bus/usb/001/001
$ lsusb -tvv (Device Plugged After)
/: Bus 04.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 10000M
ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb4 /dev/bus/usb/004/001
/: Bus 03.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/12p, 480M
ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb3 /dev/bus/usb/003/001
|__ Port 2: Dev 5, If 0, Class=Mass Storage, Driver=uas, 480M
ID 0bc2:ab24 Seagate RSS LLC Backup Plus Portable Drive
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-2 /dev/bus/usb/003/005
|__ Port 4: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
ID 0d8c:0267 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-4 /dev/bus/usb/003/002
|__ Port 4: Dev 2, If 1, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
ID 0d8c:0267 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-4 /dev/bus/usb/003/002
|__ Port 4: Dev 2, If 2, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
ID 0d8c:0267 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-4 /dev/bus/usb/003/002
|__ Port 4: Dev 2, If 3, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
ID 0d8c:0267 C-Media Electronics, Inc.
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-4 /dev/bus/usb/003/002
|__ Port 7: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Video, Driver=uvcvideo, 480M
ID 04f2:b729 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-7 /dev/bus/usb/003/003
|__ Port 7: Dev 3, If 1, Class=Video, Driver=uvcvideo, 480M
ID 04f2:b729 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-7 /dev/bus/usb/003/003
|__ Port 7: Dev 3, If 2, Class=Application Specific Interface, Driver=, 480M
ID 04f2:b729 Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-7 /dev/bus/usb/003/003
|__ Port 10: Dev 4, If 0, Class=Wireless, Driver=btusb, 12M
ID 8087:0029 Intel Corp. AX200 Bluetooth
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-10 /dev/bus/usb/003/004
|__ Port 10: Dev 4, If 1, Class=Wireless, Driver=btusb, 12M
ID 8087:0029 Intel Corp. AX200 Bluetooth
/sys/bus/usb/devices/3-10 /dev/bus/usb/003/004
/: Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/4p, 10000M
ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb2 /dev/bus/usb/002/001
/: Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci_hcd/1p, 480M
ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
/sys/bus/usb/devices/usb1 /dev/bus/usb/001/001
# dmesg | grep usb
[ 0.410409] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 0.410409] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 0.410409] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 1.037286] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002, bcdDevice= 5.15
[ 1.037289] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.037290] usb usb1: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.037299] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 5.15.0-48-lowlatency xhci-hcd
[ 1.037300] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 0000:00:0d.0
[ 1.038444] usb usb2: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0003, bcdDevice= 5.15
[ 1.038446] usb usb2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.038447] usb usb2: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.038447] usb usb2: Manufacturer: Linux 5.15.0-48-lowlatency xhci-hcd
[ 1.038448] usb usb2: SerialNumber: 0000:00:0d.0
[ 1.056570] usb usb3: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002, bcdDevice= 5.15
[ 1.056573] usb usb3: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.056577] usb usb3: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.056580] usb usb3: Manufacturer: Linux 5.15.0-48-lowlatency xhci-hcd
[ 1.056581] usb usb3: SerialNumber: 0000:00:14.0
[ 1.060968] usb usb4: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0003, bcdDevice= 5.15
[ 1.060970] usb usb4: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.060971] usb usb4: Product: xHCI Host Controller
[ 1.060972] usb usb4: Manufacturer: Linux 5.15.0-48-lowlatency xhci-hcd
[ 1.060973] usb usb4: SerialNumber: 0000:00:14.0
[ 1.386622] usb 4-2: new SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[ 1.401860] usb 4-2: New USB device found, idVendor=0bc2, idProduct=ab24, bcdDevice= 1.00
[ 1.404376] usb 4-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.406798] usb 4-2: Product: BUP Slim BK
[ 1.409239] usb 4-2: Manufacturer: Seagate
[ 1.411688] usb 4-2: SerialNumber: *** REDACTED ***
[ 1.421629] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 1.516373] usb 3-4: new full-speed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[ 1.545216] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas
[ 1.658002] usb 3-4: New USB device found, idVendor=0d8c, idProduct=0267, bcdDevice= 3.03
[ 1.660634] usb 3-4: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[ 1.663081] usb 3-4: Product: USB Advanced Audio Device
[ 1.665707] usb 3-4: Manufacturer: C-Media Electronics Inc.
[ 1.784365] usb 3-7: new high-speed USB device number 3 using xhci_hcd
[ 1.915009] usb 3-7: New USB device found, idVendor=04f2, idProduct=b729, bcdDevice=27.39
[ 1.918029] usb 3-7: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
[ 1.920695] usb 3-7: Product: Chicony USB2.0 Camera
[ 1.922273] usb 3-7: Manufacturer: CHICONY
[ 1.923719] usb 3-7: SerialNumber: *** REDACTED ***
[ 2.041402] usb 3-10: new full-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd
[ 2.173118] usb 3-10: New USB device found, idVendor=8087, idProduct=0029, bcdDevice= 0.01
[ 2.176007] usb 3-10: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[ 2.191332] input: C-Media Electronics Inc. USB Advanced Audio Device as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-4/3-4:1.3/0003:0D8C:0267.0002/input/input9
[ 2.245781] hid-generic 0003:0D8C:0267.0002: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Device [C-Media Electronics Inc. USB Advanced Audio Device] on usb-0000:00:14.0-4/input3
[ 2.248777] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 2.251559] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 4.934341] usbcore: registered new interface driver btusb
[ 4.965728] usb 3-7: Found UVC 1.10 device Chicony USB2.0 Camera (04f2:b729)
[ 4.993479] input: Chicony USB2.0 Camera: Chicony as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.0/usb3/3-7/3-7:1.0/input/input16
[ 5.007011] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo
[ 5.233342] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
--- AFTER UNPLUGGING AND PLUGGING IT BACK ---
[ 115.162502] usb 4-2: USB disconnect, device number 2
[ 132.104663] usb 3-2: new high-speed USB device number 5 using xhci_hcd
[ 132.233494] usb 3-2: New USB device found, idVendor=0bc2, idProduct=ab24, bcdDevice= 1.00
[ 132.233502] usb 3-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, SerialNumber=1
[ 132.233505] usb 3-2: Product: BUP Slim BK
[ 132.233508] usb 3-2: Manufacturer: Seagate
[ 132.233510] usb 3-2: SerialNumber: *** REDACTED ***
这仅发生在 USB-C 端口上，USB-A 3.x 始终运行良好。
一些论坛建议iommu=soft在我的启动项中添加参数，但没有变化；其他论坛建议在 UEFI/BIOS 菜单上关闭，Legacy USB support但我的机器上没有该选项。
我的机器是 Clevo NJ70MU 笔记本电脑，操作系统是 Ubuntu MATE 22.04.1，但我使用运行 Ubuntu（vanilla）22.04.1、Debian 11.0.5 和 Arch（2022.09.03）ISO 的 LiveUSB 进行了相同的测试，结果完全相同。
关于如何解决这个问题，有什么想法或建议吗？