我最近买了一个有线 USB 耳机，带有 7.1 虚拟环绕声，据制造商称，它也支持 GNU/Linux 和 Chrome OS。根据我在评论中看到的内容，Windows 用户似乎对虚拟环绕声功能很满意，我希望在 Ubuntu MATE 22.04.1 上也能有同样的功能。问题是它只能被识别为立体声（Pavucontrol 只显示“USB PnP 音频设备数字立体声 (IEC958)”的左前和右前声道，端口列为“数字输出 (S/PDIF)”），我找不到在 5.1 中播放带有 AC-3 声音的文件的方法，它们都被混音为立体声。在 Pulse Audio Volume Control 的“输出设备”选项卡中，我勾选了此设备的“高级”设置中的 AC-3 复选框，但这没有帮助。
在 lsusb 中，耳机显示为
Bus 003 Device 015: ID 0c76:161f JMTek, LLC. USB PnP Audio Device
在 [Linux Hardware][1] 数据库上，这似乎是一款相当常见的耳机。
alsamixer 命令在选择合适的声卡后显示如下：[alsamixer 截图][2]
任何帮助都将不胜感激，请给我我的 5.1 虚拟环绕声。下面您可以找到一些命令输出以提供更多信息。
Here's the output of aplay -l
$ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: Generic [HD-Audio Generic], device 0: ALC3227 Analog [ALC3227 Analog]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: Device [USB PnP Audio Device], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
以下是 aplay -L 的输出
$ aplay -L
null
Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
default
Playback/recording through the PulseAudio sound server
samplerate
Rate Converter Plugin Using Samplerate Library
speexrate
Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler
jack
JACK Audio Connection Kit
oss
Open Sound System
pulse
PulseAudio Sound Server
upmix
Plugin for channel upmix (4,6,8)
vdownmix
Plugin for channel downmix (stereo) with a simple spacialization
hw:CARD=HDMI,DEV=3
HDA ATI HDMI, HDMI 0
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=HDMI,DEV=3
HDA ATI HDMI, HDMI 0
Hardware device with all software conversions
hdmi:CARD=HDMI,DEV=0
HDA ATI HDMI, HDMI 0
HDMI Audio Output
dmix:CARD=HDMI,DEV=3
HDA ATI HDMI, HDMI 0
Direct sample mixing device
usbstream:CARD=HDMI
HDA ATI HDMI
USB Stream Output
hw:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
Hardware device with all software conversions
sysdefault:CARD=Generic
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
Default Audio Device
front:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
Front output / input
surround21:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround41:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround71:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
dmix:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
Direct sample mixing device
usbstream:CARD=Generic
HD-Audio Generic
USB Stream Output
surround51:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
Downmix to stereo 5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=Generic,DEV=0
HD-Audio Generic, ALC3227 Analog
Downmix to stereo 4.0 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
hw:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
Direct hardware device without any conversions
plughw:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
Hardware device with all software conversions
sysdefault:CARD=Device
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
Default Audio Device
front:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
Front output / input
surround21:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround41:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround71:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
iec958:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output
dmix:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
Direct sample mixing device
usbstream:CARD=Device
USB PnP Audio Device
USB Stream Output
surround51:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
Downmix to stereo 5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=Device,DEV=0
USB PnP Audio Device, USB Audio
Downmix to stereo 4.0 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers```
[1]: http://linux-hardware.org/?id=usb:0c76-161f
[2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/9lAwM.gif