这是从以前版本升级而来的 Ubuntu 22.10 系统版本。运行：
$ pro security-status --unavailable
2036 packages installed:
2 packages no longer available for download
Packages that are not available for download may be left over from a
previous release of Ubuntu, may have been installed directly from a
.deb file, or are from a source which has been disabled.
Packages:
python-apt-common python3-apt
[...]
列表python-apt-common并python3-apt显示“不再可供下载”。
我对这两个包一无所知。正在搜索https://packages.ubuntu.com/没有给我任何有用的信息。
删除这些是否安全？它们是否会在新安装的 Ubuntu 22.10 系统中被其他软件包替换？
请注意以下命令输出（很可怕！）：
$ apt --dry-run remove python-apt-common python3-apt
NOTE: This is only a simulation!
apt needs root privileges for real execution.
Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated,
so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation!
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
apg apport-symptoms aptdaemon-data cabextract distro-info gir1.2-snapd-2 gir1.2-vte-2.91 gnome-control-center-faces gnome-online-accounts libcolord-gtk4-1 libglu1-mesa libgnome-bluetooth-ui-3.0-13 libgnome-rr-4-2 libgssdp-1.2-0
libgupnp-1.2-1 libgupnp-av-1.0-3 libgupnp-dlna-2.0-4 librygel-core-2.6-2 librygel-db-2.6-2 librygel-renderer-2.6-2 librygel-server-2.6-2 libwhoopsie-preferences0 libxatracker2 mobile-broadband-provider-info network-manager-gnome
python3-click python3-colorama python3-debconf python3-defer python3-distro-info python3-gdbm python3-httplib2 python3-jeepney python3-keyring python3-launchpadlib python3-lazr.restfulclient python3-lazr.uri python3-problem-report
python3-pyparsing python3-secretstorage python3-wadllib rygel rygel-tracker whoopsie-preferences x11-session-utils xinit xinput xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-libinput xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-all
xserver-xorg-video-amdgpu xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-fbdev xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-qxl xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
apport apport-gtk aptdaemon command-not-found gdebi-core gnome-control-center language-selector-common language-selector-gnome python-apt-common python3-apport python3-apt python3-aptdaemon python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets
python3-commandnotfound python3-distupgrade python3-software-properties python3-update-manager software-properties-common software-properties-gtk ttf-mscorefonts-installer ubuntu-advantage-desktop-daemon ubuntu-advantage-tools
ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-desktop-minimal ubuntu-drivers-common ubuntu-minimal ubuntu-release-upgrader-core ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk update-manager update-manager-core update-notifier update-notifier-common xorg xserver-xorg
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 34 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
[...]
答案1
让我们看看这些包是否可以安全删除......
让我们测试一下包的删除python3-apt，看看它是否重要：
$ apt remove python3-apt --simulate | wc -l
75
好吧，它删除了 75 个软件包。这可真不少！这可能很严重。让我们来看看元软件包被删除了：
$ apt remove python3-apt --simulate | grep "Remv ubuntu"
Remv ubuntu-desktop [1.497]
Remv ubuntu-desktop-minimal [1.497]
Remv ubuntu-advantage-desktop-daemon [1.10] [ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk:amd64 ]
Remv ubuntu-advantage-tools [27.11.3~22.10.1] [ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk:amd64 ubuntu-minimal:amd64 ]
Remv ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk [1:22.10.8] [python3-distupgrade:amd64 ubuntu-drivers-common:amd64 python3-software-properties:amd64 python3-update-manager:amd64 ubuntu-minimal:amd64 ]
Remv ubuntu-release-upgrader-core [1:22.10.8] [python3-distupgrade:amd64 ubuntu-drivers-common:amd64 python3-software-properties:amd64 python3-update-manager:amd64 ubuntu-minimal:amd64 ]
Remv ubuntu-drivers-common [1:0.9.6.3] [ubuntu-minimal:amd64 ]
Remv ubuntu-minimal [1.497]
哦，天哪。这太严重了：删除python3-apt对系统来说似乎是个坏消息。它会删除桌面元包，甚至是最小系统元包。删除这个包绝对不安全。
从这个例子中可以看出，您的 Ubuntu 系统依赖于 apt 的 Python3 绑定。这是有道理的：许多使 Ubuntu 变得出色的功能都是用 Python3 编写的。
你可以用同样的方法测试
python-apt-common。