我今天将 HP 笔记本电脑与 Ubuntu 双启动，一切正常。后来我启动 Windows 11 并重新启动笔记本电脑，grub 不再出现。所以我检查了 UEFI 启动顺序，发现只有 Windows。没有 Ubuntu。我尝试重新安装 Ubuntu，但同样的问题又出现了。然后我从实时 USB 运行启动修复，结果显示 NVram 被锁定，我不知道是什么问题。我在下面附上了启动修复摘要。
boot-repair-4ppa203 [20221223_1601]
============================= Boot Repair Summary ==============================
Recommended repair: ____________________________________________________________
The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility will reinstall the grub-efi of
nvme0n1p8,
using the following options: nvme0n1p1/boot/efi
Additional repair will be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s use-standard-efi-file
Mount nvme0n1p1 on /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8/boot/efi
Unhide GRUB boot menu in nvme0n1p8/etc/default/grub
===================== Reinstall the grub-efi of nvme0n1p8 ======================
chroot /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8 grub-install --version
grub-install (GRUB) 2.06-2ubuntu7
chroot /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8 modprobe efivars
chroot /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8 efibootmgr -v before grub install
BootCurrent: 0004
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0001,0003,0004
Boot0000* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,a0959a8d-d457-4c76-afe4-7c1a16d270ba,0x800,0x82000)/File(EFIMicrosoftBootbootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...&................
Boot0001* Internal Hard Disk PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x2,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00)/HD(5,GPT,8ab946cd-87d7-6545-9d2e-958aa76179f2,0x2bad1800,0x96000)..BO
Boot0003* Internal Hard Disk PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x2,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00)/HD(6,GPT,22c6d891-2c8f-4e31-8dff-54b06692e8a7,0x3a94b800,0x3e7fff)..BO
Boot0004* USB Drive (UEFI) - USB PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x8,0x1)/Pci(0x0,0x3)/USB(5,0)/HD(1,MBR,0x1f091577,0x800,0x3956800)..BO
chroot /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8 uname -r
5.15.0-43-generic
chroot /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8 grub-install --efi-directory=/boot/efi --target=x86_64-efi
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: warning: EFI variables cannot be set on this system.
grub-install: warning: You will have to complete the GRUB setup manually.
Installation finished. No error reported.
cp /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8/boot/efi/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p5/EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
cp /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8/boot/efi/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p6/EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
df /dev/nvme0n1p1
mv /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8/boot/efi/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8/boot/efi/EFI/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi
cp /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8/boot/efi/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8/boot/efi/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi
df /dev/nvme0n1p5
mv /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p5/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p5/EFI/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi
cp /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8/boot/efi/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p5/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi
df /dev/nvme0n1p6
mv /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p6/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p6/EFI/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi
cp /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8/boot/efi/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p6/EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi
chroot /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8 grub-install --efi-directory=/boot/efi --target=x86_64-efi
Installing for x86_64-efi platform.
grub-install: warning: EFI variables cannot be set on this system.
grub-install: warning: You will have to complete the GRUB setup manually.
Installation finished. No error reported.
chroot /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8 efibootmgr -v after grub install
BootCurrent: 0004
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0001,0003,0004
Boot0000* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,a0959a8d-d457-4c76-afe4-7c1a16d270ba,0x800,0x82000)/File(EFIMicrosoftBootbootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...&................
Boot0001* Internal Hard Disk PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x2,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00)/HD(5,GPT,8ab946cd-87d7-6545-9d2e-958aa76179f2,0x2bad1800,0x96000)..BO
Boot0003* Internal Hard Disk PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x2,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00)/HD(6,GPT,22c6d891-2c8f-4e31-8dff-54b06692e8a7,0x3a94b800,0x3e7fff)..BO
Boot0004* USB Drive (UEFI) - USB PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x8,0x1)/Pci(0x0,0x3)/USB(5,0)/HD(1,MBR,0x1f091577,0x800,0x3956800)..BO
Error: NVram is locked (Ubuntu not found in efibootmgr). Please report this message to [email protected]
chroot /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8 update-grub
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/init-select.cfg'
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-56-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-56-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-43-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-43-generic
Memtest86+ needs a 16-bit boot, that is not available on EFI, exiting
Warning: os-prober will be executed to detect other bootable partitions.
Its output will be used to detect bootable binaries on them and create new boot entries.
Found Windows Boot Manager on /dev/nvme0n1p1@/EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
Unhide GRUB boot menu in nvme0n1p8/boot/grub/grub.cfg
An error occurred during the repair.
Error: NVram is locked (Ubuntu not found in efibootmgr). Please report this message to [email protected]
Locked-NVram detected.
============================ Boot Info After Repair ============================
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/nvme0n1.
=> Grub2 (v2.00) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
for (hd0,msdos1)/boot/grub. It also embeds following components:
modules
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
biosdisk fshelp fat exfat ext2 ntfs ntfscomp part_msdos
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
nvme0n1p1: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi
/efi/Boot/fbx64.efi /efi/Boot/mmx64.efi /efi/HP/DI.efi
/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/mmx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/shimx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg
/efi/HP/BIOSUpdate/BiosMgmt.efi
/efi/HP/BIOSUpdate/CryptRSA.efi
/efi/HP/SystemDiags/CryptRSA.efi
/efi/HP/SystemDiags/DI.efi
/efi/HP/SystemDiags/SysDiags.efi
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
nvme0n1p2: _____________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
nvme0n1p3: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows 10 or 11
Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe
nvme0n1p4: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
nvme0n1p5: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/boot/bkpbootx64.efi /efi/boot/bootx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
nvme0n1p6: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/BOOT/bkpbootx64.efi /efi/BOOT/bootx64.efi
/efi/pop/grubx64.efi
/efi/Pop_OS-6dee65cd-e402-40fc-b8e6-e28c9dec8f19/vmlinu
z.efi /efi/systemd/systemd-bootx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /efi/pop/grub.cfg
nvme0n1p7: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
nvme0n1p8: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /etc/default/grub
nvme0n1p9: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System:
Boot files:
nvme0n1p10: ____________________________________________________________________
File system: swap
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: MSWIN4.1: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /efi/boot/bootx64.efi
/efi/boot/grubx64.efi /efi/boot/mmx64.efi
================================ 2 OS detected =================================
OS#1: Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS on nvme0n1p8
OS#2: Windows 10 or 11 on nvme0n1p3
================================ Host/Hardware =================================
CPU architecture: 64-bit
Video: Lucienne from Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
Live-session OS is Ubuntu 64-bit (Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS, jammy, x86_64)
===================================== UEFI =====================================
BIOS/UEFI firmware: F.18(15.18) from AMI
The firmware is EFI-compatible, and is set in EFI-mode for this live-session.
SecureBoot disabled (confirmed by mokutil).
BootCurrent: 0004
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0001,0003,0004
Boot0000* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,a0959a8d-d457-4c76-afe4-7c1a16d270ba,0x800,0x82000)/File(\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...&................
Boot0001* Internal Hard Disk PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x2,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00)/HD(5,GPT,8ab946cd-87d7-6545-9d2e-958aa76179f2,0x2bad1800,0x96000)..BO
Boot0003* Internal Hard Disk PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x2,0x4)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/NVMe(0x1,00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00)/HD(6,GPT,22c6d891-2c8f-4e31-8dff-54b06692e8a7,0x3a94b800,0x3e7fff)..BO
Boot0004* USB Drive (UEFI) - USB PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x8,0x1)/Pci(0x0,0x3)/USB(5,0)/HD(1,MBR,0x1f091577,0x800,0x3956800)..BO
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 nvme0n1p1/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 nvme0n1p1/Boot/bootx64.efi
c152ec201c37b6e97bbc2207e49d1271 nvme0n1p1/Boot/fbx64.efi
fdafb5eece6caeccb788c946a28e6872 nvme0n1p1/Boot/mmx64.efi
345123d1a11fad935d584fa50dbf3b3c nvme0n1p1/HP/DI.efi
3795ef72a4ed0369ca44e711527904bf nvme0n1p1/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
fdafb5eece6caeccb788c946a28e6872 nvme0n1p1/ubuntu/mmx64.efi
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 nvme0n1p1/ubuntu/shimx64.efi
7b5e70643634fef9ae4c3be43e4c379a nvme0n1p1/HP/BIOSUpdate/BiosMgmt.efi
6488d391f74263c9da3c3d47dffa6212 nvme0n1p1/HP/BIOSUpdate/CryptRSA.efi
6488d391f74263c9da3c3d47dffa6212 nvme0n1p1/HP/SystemDiags/CryptRSA.efi
345123d1a11fad935d584fa50dbf3b3c nvme0n1p1/HP/SystemDiags/DI.efi
a5d16d56dc4eb159dfb3d5a0741b9d52 nvme0n1p1/HP/SystemDiags/SysDiags.efi
07a7ced3085173b26c2bd4bdec6f2164 nvme0n1p1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
d8ebd12190e73aa742a97caa56be7785 nvme0n1p1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
7eca7c30cae38e440c188f3e9b371a1a nvme0n1p5/boot/bkpbootx64.efi
3795ef72a4ed0369ca44e711527904bf nvme0n1p5/boot/bootx64.efi
3795ef72a4ed0369ca44e711527904bf nvme0n1p5/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
3795ef72a4ed0369ca44e711527904bf nvme0n1p6/BOOT/bkpbootx64.efi
3795ef72a4ed0369ca44e711527904bf nvme0n1p6/BOOT/bootx64.efi
3795ef72a4ed0369ca44e711527904bf nvme0n1p6/pop/grubx64.efi
ab181536d22ae00f076d93003180d4d4 nvme0n1p6/Pop_OS-6dee65cd-e402-40fc-b8e6-e28c9dec8f19/vmlinuz.efi
4dd73316109adbd8ab233a8384f5beb7 nvme0n1p6/systemd/systemd-bootx64.efi
3795ef72a4ed0369ca44e711527904bf nvme0n1p6/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
============================= Drive/Partition Info =============================
Disks info: ____________________________________________________________________
nvme0n1 : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has---ESP, not-usb, not-mmc, has-os, has-win, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
Partitions info (1/3): _________________________________________________________
nvme0n1p1 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
nvme0n1p3 : is-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
nvme0n1p4 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
nvme0n1p5 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
nvme0n1p6 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
nvme0n1p7 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
nvme0n1p8 : is-os, 64, apt-get, signed grub-pc grub-efi , grub2, grub-install, grubenv-ok, update-grub, farbios
nvme0n1p9 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
Partitions info (2/3): _________________________________________________________
nvme0n1p1 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p3 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p4 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p5 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p6 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p7 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, recovery-or-hidden, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p8 : isnotESP, fstab-has-goodEFI, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p9 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
Partitions info (3/3): _________________________________________________________
nvme0n1p1 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p3 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p4 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p5 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p6 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p7 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p8 : not--sepboot, with-boot, fstab-without-boot, not-sep-usr, with--usr, fstab-without-usr, std-grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p9 : maybesepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
fdisk -l (filtered): ___________________________________________________________
Disk nvme0n1: 476.94 GiB, 512110190592 bytes, 1000215216 sectors
Disk identifier: 61C52EB5-07D1-41AE-AD5B-8F6CA6D13042
Start End Sectors Size Type
nvme0n1p1 2048 534527 532480 260M EFI System
nvme0n1p2 534528 567295 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
nvme0n1p3 567296 691804159 691236864 329.6G Microsoft basic data
nvme0n1p4 691804160 732764159 40960000 19.5G Microsoft basic data
nvme0n1p5 732764160 733378559 614400 300M EFI System
nvme0n1p6 982824960 986920958 4095999 2G EFI System
nvme0n1p7 999008256 1000202239 1193984 583M Windows recovery environment
nvme0n1p8 733378560 928690175 195311616 93.1G Linux filesystem
nvme0n1p9 928690176 982824959 54134784 25.8G Linux filesystem
nvme0n1p10 986920960 994734079 7813120 3.7G Linux swap
Partition table entries are not in disk order.
Disk sda: 28.67 GiB, 30784094208 bytes, 60125184 sectors
Disk identifier: 0x1f091577
Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
sda1 * 2048 60125183 60123136 28.7G c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
parted -lm (filtered): _________________________________________________________
sda:30.8GB:scsi:512:512:msdos: USB SanDisk 3.2Gen1:;
1:1049kB:30.8GB:30.8GB:fat32::boot, lba;
nvme0n1:512GB:nvme:512:512:gpt:INTEL SSDPEKNU512GZH:;
1:1049kB:274MB:273MB:fat32:EFI system partition:boot, esp;
2:274MB:290MB:16.8MB::Microsoft reserved partition:msftres;
3:290MB:354GB:354GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
4:354GB:375GB:21.0GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
5:375GB:375GB:315MB:fat32::boot, esp;
8:375GB:475GB:100GB:ext4::;
9:475GB:503GB:27.7GB:ext4::;
6:503GB:505GB:2097MB:fat32::boot, esp;
10:505GB:509GB:4000MB:linux-swap(v1)::swap;
7:511GB:512GB:611MB:ntfs:Basic data partition:hidden, diag;
Free space >10MiB: ______________________________________________________________
nvme0n1: 485710MiB:487797MiB:2087MiB
blkid (filtered): ______________________________________________________________
NAME FSTYPE UUID PARTUUID LABEL PARTLABEL
sda
└─sda1 vfat 800C-FCDC 1f091577-01 UBUNTU 22_0
nvme0n1
├─nvme0n1p1 vfat 8A0B-EAEB a0959a8d-d457-4c76-afe4-7c1a16d270ba SYSTEM EFI system partition
├─nvme0n1p2 952df0f6-6d10-4460-8073-36c09f045a2d Microsoft reserved partition
├─nvme0n1p3 ntfs EAEE2311EE22D61B 70470715-64c4-483f-9e0d-315ca84251ba Windows Basic data partition
├─nvme0n1p4 ntfs 7EA030F8A030B88B 7ad82310-9890-4930-929d-5e469de5a275 My Files Basic data partition
├─nvme0n1p5 vfat 2261-38E4 8ab946cd-87d7-6545-9d2e-958aa76179f2 NO_LABEL
├─nvme0n1p6 vfat 901E-258B 22c6d891-2c8f-4e31-8dff-54b06692e8a7
├─nvme0n1p7 ntfs F026F02826EFEE12 64b9a7fe-5d4e-4a32-9b8a-00ea84730181 Windows RE tools Basic data partition
├─nvme0n1p8 ext4 948b24e5-7f01-4f5e-9964-da6e7b035613 7742623a-3762-4840-8479-2d7f96505eb3
├─nvme0n1p9 ext4 e35a3ead-216d-4fcd-bd55-04cbe02d1b10 39351909-687d-426f-b806-2c41748f7465
└─nvme0n1p10 swap d14b79f3-80dc-44ac-9007-9ba2d1132289 74b9a332-7b92-481c-9afc-59791a996962
Mount points (filtered): _______________________________________________________
Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/nvme0n1p1 184.8M 28% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p1
/dev/nvme0n1p3 163.8G 50% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p3
/dev/nvme0n1p4 17.7G 10% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p4
/dev/nvme0n1p5 295.9M 1% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p5
/dev/nvme0n1p6 1.8G 7% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p6
/dev/nvme0n1p7 66.7M 89% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p7
/dev/nvme0n1p8 77.5G 10% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p8
/dev/nvme0n1p9 23.5G 2% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p9
/dev/sda1 25.1G 12% /cdrom
Mount options (filtered): ______________________________________________________
=================== nvme0n1p1/efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg (filtered) ===================
search.fs_uuid 948b24e5-7f01-4f5e-9964-da6e7b035613 root
set prefix=($root)'/boot/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg
==================== nvme0n1p6/efi/pop/grub.cfg (filtered) =====================
Pop GNU/Linux 6dee65cd-e402-40fc-b8e6-e28c9dec8f19
Pop GNU/Linux, with Linux 5.19.0-76051900-generic 6dee65cd-e402-40fc-b8e6-e28c9dec8f19
Windows Boot Manager (on nvme0n1p1) osprober-efi-8A0B-EAEB
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
UEFI Firmware Settings uefi-firmware
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
=================== nvme0n1p8/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ====================
Ubuntu 948b24e5-7f01-4f5e-9964-da6e7b035613
Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-56-generic 948b24e5-7f01-4f5e-9964-da6e7b035613
Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-43-generic 948b24e5-7f01-4f5e-9964-da6e7b035613
Windows Boot Manager (on nvme0n1p1) osprober-efi-8A0B-EAEB
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
======================== nvme0n1p8/etc/fstab (filtered) ========================
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/nvme0n1p8 during installation
UUID=948b24e5-7f01-4f5e-9964-da6e7b035613 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/nvme0n1p1 during installation
UUID=8A0B-EAEB /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
==================== nvme0n1p8/etc/default/grub (filtered) =====================
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=menu
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false
================= nvme0n1p8: Location of files loaded by Grub ==================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
417.970718384 = 448.792641536 boot/vmlinuz 1
354.329662323 = 380.458577920 boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-43-generic 1
417.970718384 = 448.792641536 boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-56-generic 1
354.329662323 = 380.458577920 boot/vmlinuz.old 1
433.850582123 = 465.843515392 boot/initrd.img 2
404.111785889 = 433.911726080 boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-43-generic 1
433.850582123 = 465.843515392 boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-56-generic 2
404.111785889 = 433.911726080 boot/initrd.img.old 1
=================== nvme0n1p8: ls -l /etc/grub.d/ (filtered) ===================
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18683 Apr 15 2022 10_linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 43031 Apr 15 2022 10_linux_zfs
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14180 Apr 15 2022 20_linux_xen
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13369 Apr 15 2022 30_os-prober
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1372 Apr 15 2022 30_uefi-firmware
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 700 Feb 19 2022 35_fwupd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Apr 15 2022 40_custom
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 215 Apr 15 2022 41_custom
====================== sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
Try or Install Ubuntu
Ubuntu (safe graphics)
OEM install (for manufacturers)
Boot from next volume
UEFI Firmware Settings
Test memory
==================== sda1: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
有没有什么办法解决这一问题？
编辑： 我检查了 Windows 的系统分区，所有与启动相关的 Ubuntu 文件均未受到影响。以下是截屏。
答案1
我遇到了同样的问题，Windows 更新并删除了我对启动屏幕的访问权限，我在 liveUSB 上运行 Ubuntu 并在其上运行 BootRepair，收到此错误。在此之前，我按照本教程尝试重新安装 GRUB，并偶然将 grub 安装在插入计算机的 SD 卡上（按照以下教程操作，但使用了错误的驱动器（对我来说是 sda1）。由于某些阻止列表，我无法在 Ubuntu 上安装（对我来说是 nvme0n1p5）。
https://www.suse.com/support/kb/doc/?id=000016528
当插入 SD 卡并尝试通过 BIOS 屏幕（本机版本，而不是闪存驱动器上的版本）运行 Ubuntu 时，它运行了一个 GRUB 终端，如本论坛所示，我按照论坛中的解决方案通过本论坛启动 Ubuntu，具体来说是在我的 Ubuntu 分区中找到 grub 文件（对我来说是 nvme0n1p5，对大多数人来说（通过其他教程）是 sdXY）。
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/329926/grub-starts-in-command-line-after-reboot
本教程允许我进入我的 Ubuntu 分区，在其中我可以运行 update-grub 和启动修复，其中 NVRam 不再被锁定。我运行它时没有插入 SD 卡，以防万一（这实际上不是我的专业领域），重新启动后（再次没有 SD 卡），GRUB 菜单再次出现。
在此过程中，我还做了其他一些事情，包括关闭 BIOS 菜单中的安全启动并恢复默认设置，但这些对我不起作用。不过，它们可能与在加载 Ubuntu 时看到 SD 卡的 grub 屏幕有关，这就是为什么我将它们包括在这里的底部。