两天前我收到了一台 PC，并全新安装了 Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS，但是，考虑到 PC 的规格，系统运行速度感觉相当慢。设置需要大约一秒钟才能加载，Firefox 需要更长时间，等等... 以下是我的规格：
1TB SSD（NVME），磁盘实用程序基准测试显示读取速度为 3.1 GB/s。此外，我只占用了大约 5% 的磁盘空间。
CPU：Intel® Core™ i9-9900 CPU @ 3.10GHz
RAM：32 GB，速度为 2667 MT/s
我已将其设置为高性能和低功耗。我曾使用过另一台配置较低（和硬盘）的 PC，其加载速度较慢。
如果这很重要，PC 安装了 Ubuntu 和 Windows 10（双启动），我全新安装了 Ubuntu 并指示删除所有内容。我不确定从哪里开始，任何帮助都将不胜感激。我可以运行任何请求的基准测试。
7zip 基准测试结果如下：
该命令sudo turbostat --Summary --show Busy%,Bzy_MHz,IRQ,PkgWatt,PkgTmp,RAMWatt,GFXWatt,CorWatt --interval 5给出以下输出：
turbostat version 2022.04.16 - Len Brown <[email protected]>
CPUID(0): GenuineIntel 0x16 CPUID levels
CPUID(1): family:model:stepping 0x6:9e:d (6:158:13) microcode 0xf4
CPUID(0x80000000): max_extended_levels: 0x80000008
CPUID(1): SSE3 MONITOR SMX EIST TM2 TSC MSR ACPI-TM HT TM
CPUID(6): APERF, TURBO, DTS, PTM, HWP, HWPnotify, HWPwindow, HWPepp, No-HWPpkg, EPB
cpu4: MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE: 0x00850089 (TCC EIST MWAIT PREFETCH TURBO)
CPUID(7): SGX
cpu4: MSR_IA32_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x00060005 (Locked SGX)
CPUID(0x15): eax_crystal: 2 ebx_tsc: 258 ecx_crystal_hz: 0
TSC: 3096 MHz (24000000 Hz * 258 / 2 / 1000000)
CPUID(0x16): base_mhz: 3100 max_mhz: 5000 bus_mhz: 100
cpu4: MSR_MISC_PWR_MGMT: 0x00401cc0 (ENable-EIST_Coordination DISable-EPB DISable-OOB)
RAPL: 4033 sec. Joule Counter Range, at 65 Watts
cpu4: MSR_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x8080838f1011f00
8 * 100.0 = 800.0 MHz max efficiency frequency
31 * 100.0 = 3100.0 MHz base frequency
cpu4: MSR_IA32_POWER_CTL: 0x002c005d (C1E auto-promotion: DISabled)
cpu4: MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT: 0x2e2f2f3030313232
46 * 100.0 = 4600.0 MHz max turbo 8 active cores
47 * 100.0 = 4700.0 MHz max turbo 7 active cores
47 * 100.0 = 4700.0 MHz max turbo 6 active cores
48 * 100.0 = 4800.0 MHz max turbo 5 active cores
48 * 100.0 = 4800.0 MHz max turbo 4 active cores
49 * 100.0 = 4900.0 MHz max turbo 3 active cores
50 * 100.0 = 5000.0 MHz max turbo 2 active cores
50 * 100.0 = 5000.0 MHz max turbo 1 active cores
cpu4: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_NOMINAL: 0x0000001f (base_ratio=31)
cpu4: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_1: 0x00000000 ()
cpu4: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_LEVEL_2: 0x00000000 ()
cpu4: MSR_CONFIG_TDP_CONTROL: 0x80000000 ( lock=1)
cpu4: MSR_TURBO_ACTIVATION_RATIO: 0x00000000 (MAX_NON_TURBO_RATIO=0 lock=0)
cpu4: MSR_PKG_CST_CONFIG_CONTROL: 0x1e008006 (UNdemote-C3, UNdemote-C1, demote-C3, demote-C1, locked, pkg-cstate-limit=6 (pc8))
/dev/cpu_dma_latency: 2000000000 usec (default)
current_driver: intel_idle
current_governor: menu
current_governor_ro: menu
cpu4: POLL: CPUIDLE CORE POLL IDLE
cpu4: C1: MWAIT 0x00
cpu4: C1E: MWAIT 0x01
cpu4: C3: MWAIT 0x10
cpu4: C6: MWAIT 0x20
cpu4: C7s: MWAIT 0x33
cpu4: C8: MWAIT 0x40
cpu4: C9: MWAIT 0x50
cpu4: C10: MWAIT 0x60
cpu4: cpufreq driver: intel_pstate
cpu4: cpufreq governor: powersave
cpufreq intel_pstate no_turbo: 0
cpu4: MSR_MISC_FEATURE_CONTROL: 0x00000000 (L2-Prefetch L2-Prefetch-pair L1-Prefetch L1-IP-Prefetch)
cpu0: MSR_PM_ENABLE: 0x00000001 (HWP)
cpu0: MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES: 0x01081f32 (high 50 guar 31 eff 8 low 1)
cpu0: MSR_HWP_REQUEST: 0x00003208 (min 8 max 50 des 0 epp 0x0 window 0x0 pkg 0x0)
cpu0: MSR_HWP_INTERRUPT: 0x00000001 (EN_Guaranteed_Perf_Change, Dis_Excursion_Min)
cpu0: MSR_HWP_STATUS: 0x00000000 (No-Guaranteed_Perf_Change, No-Excursion_Min)
cpu0: EPB: 6 (balanced)
cpu0: MSR_RAPL_POWER_UNIT: 0x000a0e03 (0.125000 Watts, 0.000061 Joules, 0.000977 sec.)
cpu0: MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO: 0x00000208 (65 W TDP, RAPL 0 - 0 W, 0.000000 sec.)
cpu0: MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT: 0x4284b000dd8208 (UNlocked)
cpu0: PKG Limit #1: ENabled (65.000 Watts, 28.000000 sec, clamp ENabled)
cpu0: PKG Limit #2: ENabled (150.000 Watts, 0.002441* sec, clamp DISabled)
cpu0: MSR_VR_CURRENT_CONFIG: 0x00000850
cpu0: PKG Limit #4: 266.000000 Watts (UNlocked)
cpu0: MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT: 0x5400de00000000 (UNlocked)
cpu0: DRAM Limit: DISabled (0.000 Watts, 0.000977 sec, clamp DISabled)
cpu0: MSR_PP0_POLICY: 0
cpu0: MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT: 0x00000000 (UNlocked)
cpu0: Cores Limit: DISabled (0.000 Watts, 0.000977 sec, clamp DISabled)
cpu0: MSR_PP1_POLICY: 0
cpu0: MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT: 0x00000000 (UNlocked)
cpu0: GFX Limit: DISabled (0.000 Watts, 0.000977 sec, clamp DISabled)
cpu0: MSR_IA32_TEMPERATURE_TARGET: 0x00640e00 (100 C) (100 default - 0 offset)
cpu0: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS: 0x88430000 (33 C)
cpu0: MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_INTERRUPT: 0x00000003 (100 C, 100 C)
cpu4: MSR_PKGC3_IRTL: 0x0000884e (valid, 79872 ns)
cpu4: MSR_PKGC6_IRTL: 0x00008876 (valid, 120832 ns)
cpu4: MSR_PKGC7_IRTL: 0x00008894 (valid, 151552 ns)
cpu4: MSR_PKGC8_IRTL: 0x000088fa (valid, 256000 ns)
cpu4: MSR_PKGC9_IRTL: 0x0000894c (valid, 339968 ns)
cpu4: MSR_PKGC10_IRTL: 0x00008bf2 (valid, 1034240 ns)
Busy% Bzy_MHz IRQ PkgTmp PkgWatt CorWatt GFXWatt RAMWatt
2.94 4763 15329 32 17.78 14.33 0.00 1.24
4.69 4818 10890 58 24.93 21.41 0.00 1.25
5.57 4829 7448 56 30.74 27.28 0.00 1.16
7.75 4754 18042 58 36.45 32.87 0.00 1.26
2.63 4782 11306 33 19.02 15.54 0.00 1.23
0.91 4806 4990 33 7.23 3.97 0.00 1.21
0.88 4812 4102 34 9.98 6.74 0.00 1.19
1.15 4822 4733 35 8.76 5.50 0.00 1.21
0.77 4771 3653 32 7.42 4.18 0.00 1.20
0.34 4819 1958 32 5.18 2.01 0.00 1.15
0.91 4800 3944 33 9.83 6.58 0.00 1.19
0.99 4814 3628 34 7.45 4.20 0.00 1.22
0.82 4848 2831 31 6.65 3.43 0.00 1.19
0.98 4810 3599 31 7.29 4.05 0.00 1.22
0.97 4837 4086 32 9.51 6.24 0.00 1.20
0.74 4808 3381 31 8.29 5.06 0.00 1.19
1.15 4809 5997 31 9.03 5.77 0.00 1.21
0.37 4833 2467 31 5.44 2.26 0.00 1.16
0.52 4805 3107 31 6.12 2.91 0.00 1.17
0.52 4804 2950 31 6.16 2.97 0.00 1.17
0.21 4821 1675 31 4.43 1.27 0.00 1.14
0.20 4858 1041 30 4.11 0.98 0.00 1.12
0.40 4807 2093 31 5.14 1.98 0.00 1.15
0.27 4840 1772 30 4.66 1.48 0.00 1.14
0.14 4820 1119 31 3.93 0.80 0.00 1.13
0.23 4866 1078 30 4.16 1.01 0.00 1.13
0.20 4753 1308 30 4.20 1.05 0.00 1.13
0.11 4881 956 30 3.82 0.70 0.00 1.13
0.13 4840 1317 30 4.14 1.00 0.00 1.13
0.11 4896 1056 29 3.86 0.74 0.00 1.13
0.41 4822 2039 30 5.08 1.93 0.00 1.14
0.06 4887 760 29 3.60 0.48 0.00 1.12
0.40 4842 2283 30 5.04 1.89 0.00 1.15
1.47 4892 2640 49 10.81 7.62 0.00 1.18
sudo turbostat --Summary --show Busy%,Bzy_MHz,IRQ,PkgWatt,PkgTmp,RAMWatt,GFXWatt,CorWatt --interval 5
0.29 4795 1590 32 4.72 1.58 0.00 1.13
0.14 4820 1353 30 4.14 0.97 0.00 1.13
0.22 4853 1138 29 4.23 1.09 0.00 1.13
0.07 4894 822 29 3.64 0.52 0.00 1.12
0.42 4818 2593 30 5.34 2.18 0.00 1.16
0.16 4835 1191 29 4.14 1.01 0.00 1.13
0.20 4801 2459 29 4.31 1.17 0.00 1.13
0.22 4866 1146 29 4.16 1.02 0.00 1.13
0.18 4765 1230 29 4.10 0.96 0.00 1.13
0.08 4889 919 29 3.73 0.59 0.00 1.12
0.09 4881 878 29 3.72 0.58 0.00 1.12
0.19 4872 993 29 4.02 0.89 0.00 1.12
0.17 4753 1111 29 3.96 0.84 0.00 1.13
0.08 4886 894 29 3.72 0.59 0.00 1.12
0.06 4885 787 29 3.60 0.48 0.00 1.12
0.19 4887 982 29 4.04 0.91 0.00 1.12
0.18 4773 1244 29 4.02 0.89 0.00 1.13
0.10 4864 950 29 3.80 0.65 0.00 1.13
0.10 4852 954 29 3.78 0.65 0.00 1.12
0.09 4834 970 29 3.81 0.68 0.00 1.12
0.27 4785 1618 28 4.39 1.24 0.00 1.13
0.08 4877 868 28 3.69 0.56 0.00 1.12
0.08 4889 874 29 3.69 0.57 0.00 1.12
0.08 4838 872 28 3.68 0.56 0.00 1.12
0.28 4780 1500 29 4.29 1.15 0.00 1.13
0.12 4715 1113 29 3.99 0.86 0.00 1.13
0.67 4844 3047 29 6.75 3.53 0.00 1.19
1.59 4700 5280 30 8.96 5.62 0.00 1.19
29.97 4625 40322 54 73.12 69.27 0.00 2.15
11.21 4713 12435 34 38.98 35.46 0.00 1.53
3.41 4729 7224 33 15.85 12.54 0.00 1.27
2.83 4782 5703 32 13.07 10.45 0.00 1.25
3.59 4722 6757 33 14.14 11.70 0.00 1.29
12.13 4634 13940 34 33.62 30.14 0.00 1.50
5.04 4727 6146 33 19.55 16.21 0.00 1.24
0.50 4869 1506 33 5.69 2.51 0.00 1.14
0.63 4821 1816 33 6.10 2.94 0.00 1.14
0.27 4863 1281 32 4.62 1.47 0.00 1.14
0.32 4867 1281 31 4.87 1.72 0.00 1.14
0.59 4752 1922 32 5.50 2.33 0.00 1.14
0.57 4817 1722 31 5.77 2.59 0.00 1.14
0.42 4853 1399 31 5.40 2.24 0.00 1.14
2.36 4678 3785 31 10.17 6.95 0.00 1.20
0.33 4836 1693 31 4.98 1.80 0.00 1.14
0.53 4805 2628 31 6.03 2.82 0.00 1.17
0.55 4815 3085 32 6.09 2.87 0.00 1.18
0.49 4794 3314 31 6.09 2.89 0.00 1.17
1.10 4830 5232 31 8.33 5.02 0.00 1.22
0.62 4788 3419 31 6.80 3.58 0.00 1.18