我有一台运行 Ubuntu 20.04.1 的旧电脑，耳机里没有声音。我不确定扬声器输出是否有问题，因为我目前没有可用的扬声器来测试它。
我尝试过以下命令：
echo "options snd-hda-intel model=generic" | sudo tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf
alsamixer
sudo alsa force-reload
pulseaudio -k && pulseaudio -D
alsactl restore
sudo apt remove --purge alsa-base pulseaudio
sudo apt autoremove
sudo apt install alsa-base pulseaudio
系统信息：
chris@chris-500-223w:~$ uname -a
Linux chris-500-223w 5.15.0-71-generic #78~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Apr 19 11:26:48 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
chris@chris-500-223w:~$ cat /proc/asound/cards
0 [PCH ]: HDA-Intel - HDA Intel PCH
HDA Intel PCH at 0xf7e10000 irq 32
1 [Webcam ]: USB-Audio - C922 Pro Stream Webcam
C922 Pro Stream Webcam at usb-0000:00:14.0-1, high speed
chris@chris-500-223w:~$ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: 92HD66C3/65 Analog [92HD66C3/65 Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
chris@chris-500-223w:~$ lspci -nnk | grep -A2 Audio
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller [8086:8c20] (rev 05)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller [103c:2af7]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
-- 更新 -- 我升级到了 22.04 并应用了所有更新
在设置/声音/输出/输出设备中，唯一可用的项目是“虚拟输出”
我按照这里给出的说明进行操作： 从 21.10 升级到 22.04 后未列出声音输出设备
并运行以下命令：
sudo touch /usr/share/pipewire/media-session.d/with-pulseaudio
systemctl --user restart pipewire-session-manager
设置/声音/输出/输出设备已正确更新，但即使选择“耳机 - 内置音频”也没有声音。
接下来，我运行了以下命令：
pulseaudio --kill && pulseaudio --start
sudo alsa force-reload
sudo alsactl restore
没有成功。
chris@chris-500-223w:~$ uname -a
Linux chris-500-223w 5.15.0-71-generic #78-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 18 09:00:29 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
chris@chris-500-223w:~$ lspci -v | grep Audio
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller
chris@chris-500-223w:~$ aplay --list-devices
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: Generic Analog [Generic Analog]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0