我有一台 Intel NUC i7 系列 11，用作家庭服务器，安装了 Debian 5.10.70-1。它已经顺利运行了大约一年。然后停电了。当电源恢复时，我的服务器照常重新启动（这是 BIOS 中的一项设置，用于将其配置为断电后重新启动），但它无法通过有线以太网端口连接到互联网...
由于我对 Linux 的了解有限，我最初的调查并没有取得多大进展，于是我决定使用新下载的 Ubuntu 在 USB 上启动它：这将消除操作系统或驱动程序损坏的选项（？），至少可以告诉我这是硬件问题还是软件问题。好消息：无线连接正常，坏消息：以太网连接仍然有同样的问题
经过大量搜索，这里是一堆命令的汇编（来自这里和这里）显示了我的机器的状态。无线已关闭，这是重启后的状态：
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ uname -a
Linux ubuntu 6.2.0-20-generic #20-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu Apr 6 07:48:48 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 23.04
Release: 23.04
Codename: lunar
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: wlp0s20f3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether c4:03:a8:ef:a0:47 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo lshw -C network
*-network:0 DISABLED
description: Wireless interface
product: Comet Lake PCH-LP CNVi WiFi
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 14.3
bus info: pci@0000:00:14.3
logical name: wlp0s20f3
version: 00
serial: c4:03:a8:ef:a0:47
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=6.2.0-20-generic firmware=72.daa05125.0 QuZ-a0-hr-b0-72.u latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
resources: iomemory:600-5ff irq:16 memory:6023114000-6023117fff
*-network:1 UNCLAIMED
description: Ethernet controller
product: Ethernet Connection (10) I219-V
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.6
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.6
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi cap_list
configuration: latency=0
resources: memory:96300000-9631ffff
深入挖掘e1000e驱动因素：
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ lspci -nnk | grep 0200 -A3
00:1f.6 Ethernet controller [0200]: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection (10) I219-V [8086:0d4f]
DeviceName: LAN
Subsystem: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection (10) I219-V [8086:2081]
Kernel modules: e1000e
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ modinfo e1000e | grep 0D4F
alias: pci:v00008086d00000D4Fsv*sd*bc*sc*i*
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ lsmod | grep e1000e
e1000e 352256 0
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo dmesg | grep e1000e
[ 1.742428] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver
[ 1.742433] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[ 1.743423] e1000e 0000:00:1f.6: Interrupt Throttling Rate (ints/sec) set to dynamic conservative mode
[ 2.130496] e1000e 0000:00:1f.6 0000:00:1f.6 (uninitialized): Failed to disable ULP
[ 2.742996] e1000e: probe of 0000:00:1f.6 failed with error -2
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo rmmod e1000e
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo modprobe -v e1000e
insmod /lib/modules/6.2.0-20-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ethernet/intel/e1000e/e1000e.ko
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ lsmod | grep e1000e
e1000e 352256 0
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo dmesg | grep e1000e
[ 1.742428] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver
[ 1.742433] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[ 1.743423] e1000e 0000:00:1f.6: Interrupt Throttling Rate (ints/sec) set to dynamic conservative mode
[ 2.130496] e1000e 0000:00:1f.6 0000:00:1f.6 (uninitialized): Failed to disable ULP
[ 2.742996] e1000e: probe of 0000:00:1f.6 failed with error -2
[ 406.403047] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver
[ 406.403049] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[ 406.403269] e1000e 0000:00:1f.6: Interrupt Throttling Rate (ints/sec) set to dynamic conservative mode
[ 406.846574] e1000e 0000:00:1f.6 0000:00:1f.6 (uninitialized): Failed to disable ULP
[ 407.406686] e1000e: probe of 0000:00:1f.6 failed with error -2
笔记：
答案1
这是硬件故障，我的 NUC 仍在保修期内，我已更换了它。