我的 Ubuntu 机器启动时很奇怪。问题是，它需要大约五分钟的时间。首先我看到主板启动屏幕（我的情况是 MSI），然后我看到 Ubuntu 加载屏幕和加载器点。一段时间后，点冻结，我的 PC 加载大约 3 分钟。这只是我的电脑，还是 Ubuntu 的一个错误？感谢您的回复。
systemd-analyze blame输出：
1min 27.905s vboxdrv.service
1min 9.655s plymouth-quit-wait.service
55.950s e2scrub_reap.service
40.057s lampp.service
34.958s snapd.service
22.833s apport.service
18.392s dev-sda2.device
14.697s NetworkManager.service
13.202s udisks2.service
12.972s systemd-journal-flush.service
12.570s gpu-manager.service
12.491s power-profiles-daemon.service
12.376s accounts-daemon.service
12.079s polkit.service
10.473s avahi-daemon.service
10.442s dbus.service
10.376s cups.service
10.091s plymouth-read-write.service
9.108s snap-authy-22.mount
9.076s snap-authy-23.mount
9.056s snap-bare-5.mount
8.944s snap-canonical\x2dlivepatch-246.mount
8.820s snap-canonical\x2dlivepatch-264.mount
8.704s snap-chromium-2783.mount
8.600s snap-chromium-2786.mount
8.464s snap-code-154.mount
8.420s snap-code-155.mount
8.288s snap-core-16574.mount
8.277s switcheroo-control.service
8.205s snap-core-16928.mount
8.093s snap-core18-2796.mount
7.933s snap-core18-2812.mount
7.903s snap-core20-2105.mount
7.833s snap-core20-2182.mount
7.798s snap-core22-1033.mount
7.737s snap-core22-1122.mount
7.709s snap-cornyjokes-216.mount
7.613s snap-cumulonimbus-85.mount
7.485s snap-cumulonimbus-89.mount
7.281s snap-cups-1024.mount
7.266s snap-cups-980.mount
7.094s snap-discord-180.mount
7.071s snap-discord-181.mount
6.981s apache2.service
6.926s snap-firefox-3836.mount
6.862s snap-firefox-3941.mount
6.750s snap-firmware\x2dupdater-109.mount
6.706s update-notifier-download.service
6.678s snap-firmware\x2dupdater-121.mount
6.655s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-198.mount
6.628s snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d38\x2d2004-143.mount
6.593s snap-gnome\x2d42\x2d2204-132.mount
6.587s snap-gnome\x2d42\x2d2204-141.mount
6.538s snap-gnome\x2dclocks-465.mount
6.391s rsyslog.service
6.031s snap-gnome\x2ddictionary-59.mount
5.960s ModemManager.service
5.831s snap-gtk2\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-13.mount
5.743s snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1535.mount
5.722s grub-common.service
5.575s snap-gtk\x2dtheme\x2dorchis-3.mount
5.513s pulseaudio-enable-autospawn.service
5.499s snap-gtk\x2dtheme\x2dpocillo-5.mount
5.421s snapd.apparmor.service
5.327s snap-isoimagewriter-22.mount
5.302s snap-kf5\x2d5\x2d104\x2dqt\x2d5\x2d15\x2d8\x2dcore22-9.mount
5.159s smartmontools.service
5.135s snap-kf5\x2d5\x2d111\x2dqt\x2d5\x2d15\x2d11\x2dcore22-7.mount
5.133s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
5.027s snap-mesa\x2dcore20-151.mount
4.987s snap-ms\x2d365\x2delectron-4.mount
4.948s snap-ms\x2d365\x2delectron-5.mount
4.734s dev-loop60.device
4.732s dev-loop66.device
4.730s dev-loop67.device
4.728s dev-loop65.device
4.728s dev-loop64.device
4.726s dev-loop63.device
4.726s dev-loop62.device
4.725s dev-loop59.device
4.725s dev-loop57.device
4.724s dev-loop61.device
4.723s dev-loop41.device
4.722s dev-loop56.device
4.721s dev-loop55.device
4.721s dev-loop53.device
4.721s dev-loop58.device
4.721s dev-loop49.device
4.720s dev-loop51.device
4.719s dev-loop54.device
4.717s dev-loop52.device
4.714s dev-loop50.device
4.714s dev-loop48.device
4.714s dev-loop47.device
4.712s dev-loop44.device
4.712s dev-loop45.device
4.711s dev-loop43.device
4.710s dev-loop40.device
4.709s dev-loop38.device
4.709s dev-loop46.device
4.708s dev-loop42.device
4.706s dev-loop37.device
4.706s dev-loop36.device
4.705s dev-loop34.device
4.705s dev-loop31.device
4.703s dev-loop39.device
4.702s dev-loop35.device
4.702s dev-loop28.device
4.702s dev-loop33.device
4.701s dev-loop32.device
4.700s dev-loop30.device
4.698s dev-loop27.device
4.698s dev-loop26.device
4.697s dev-loop25.device
4.697s dev-loop29.device
4.697s dev-loop22.device
4.696s dev-loop17.device
4.696s dev-loop24.device
4.694s dev-loop21.device
4.694s dev-loop23.device
4.694s dev-loop20.device
4.692s dev-loop8.device
4.690s dev-loop9.device
4.690s dev-loop19.device
4.689s dev-loop18.device
4.689s dev-loop15.device
4.688s dev-loop14.device
4.688s dev-loop16.device
4.688s dev-loop11.device
4.687s dev-loop13.device
4.686s dev-loop10.device
4.683s dev-loop12.device
4.620s snap-obs\x2dstudio-1298.mount
4.340s snap-onlyoffice\x2ddesktopeditors-181.mount
4.192s snap-onlyoffice\x2ddesktopeditors-186.mount
4.024s snap-pinta-27.mount
3.924s snap-pinta-29.mount
3.808s snap-pixelorama-187.mount
3.724s snap-qt513-24.mount
3.710s plymouth-start.service
3.561s thermald.service
3.536s snap-qt515\x2dcore20-29.mount
3.504s dev-loop0.device
3.503s dev-loop1.device
3.493s dev-loop3.device
3.491s dev-loop2.device
3.490s dev-loop6.device
3.487s dev-loop4.device
3.484s dev-loop5.device
3.474s dev-loop7.device
3.465s systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
3.455s systemd-udevd.service
3.140s snap-qt515\x2dcore20-31.mount
3.056s snap-red\x2dapp-40.mount
2.965s apparmor.service
2.925s gdm.service
2.885s snap-shotcut-1357.mount
2.803s systemd-logind.service
2.765s snap-shotcut-1389.mount
2.649s snap-snap\x2dstore-1106.mount
2.413s snap-snap\x2dstore-1110.mount
2.151s lm-sensors.service
2.089s snap-snapd-20671.mount
2.009s snap-snapd-21184.mount
1.885s snap-snapd\x2ddesktop\x2dintegration-83.mount
1.757s systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev-early.service
1.565s systemd-resolved.service
1.559s colord.service
1.509s snap-thunderbird-455.mount
1.421s snap-thunderbird-460.mount
1.385s systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service
1.343s wpa_supplicant.service
1.185s snap-ubuntu\x2dbudgie\x2dwelcome-490.mount
1.036s snapd.seeded.service
989ms snap-ubuntu\x2dbudgie\x2dwelcome-492.mount
750ms snap-yubioath\x2ddesktop-13.mount
732ms grub-initrd-fallback.service
726ms upower.service
663ms systemd-oomd.service
655ms [email protected]
630ms systemd-modules-load.service
623ms apport-autoreport.service
617ms keyboard-setup.service
567ms systemd-sysctl.service
556ms systemd-random-seed.service
546ms snap-zoom\x2dclient-218.mount
495ms phpsessionclean.service
467ms systemd-timesyncd.service
430ms systemd-journald.service
430ms snap-zoom\x2dclient-225.mount
334ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
330ms ufw.service
300ms swapfile.swap
278ms openvpn.service
257ms systemd-update-utmp.service
249ms kerneloops.service
237ms sddm.service
219ms systemd-binfmt.service
214ms systemd-user-sessions.service
180ms systemd-rfkill.service
153ms systemd-remount-fs.service
149ms systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-69AE\x2d394C.service
148ms dev-hugepages.mount
147ms boot-efi.mount
146ms dev-mqueue.mount
142ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
140ms sys-kernel-tracing.mount
119ms kmod-static-nodes.service
118ms [email protected]
111ms [email protected]
106ms [email protected]
98ms var-snap-firefox-common-host\x2dhunspell.mount
97ms rtkit-daemon.service
80ms console-setup.service
62ms proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount
44ms setvtrgb.service
33ms vboxautostart-service.service
31ms snapd.socket
30ms vboxballoonctrl-service.service
27ms [email protected]
25ms vboxweb-service.service
24ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
19ms alsa-restore.service
14ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
11ms modprobe@efi_pstore.service
8ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
8ms sys-kernel-config.mount
7ms [email protected]
5ms modprobe@dm_mod.service
...skipping...
140ms sys-kernel-tracing.mount
119ms kmod-static-nodes.service
118ms [email protected]
111ms [email protected]
106ms [email protected]
98ms var-snap-firefox-common-host\x2dhunspell.mount
97ms rtkit-daemon.service
80ms console-setup.service
62ms proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount
44ms setvtrgb.service
33ms vboxautostart-service.service
31ms snapd.socket
30ms vboxballoonctrl-service.service
27ms [email protected]
25ms vboxweb-service.service
24ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
19ms alsa-restore.service
14ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
11ms modprobe@efi_pstore.service
8ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
8ms sys-kernel-config.mount
7ms [email protected]
5ms modprobe@dm_mod.service
答案1
查看您的 systemd-analyse 输出，加载大多数服务确实需要几分钟。
普利茅斯-退出-等待.服务应该与所有其他服务并行运行，因此这不是时间所在。它负责您的启动动画屏幕。由于 plymouth-quit-wait.service + ubuntu 18.04 导致启动缓慢的问题
你似乎mysql.服务，您是否将其用于任何用途，例如托管数据库？
systemd-journal-flush.service负责记录启动任务，禁用它将阻止您调试任何启动问题。systemd-journal-flush.service 有什么用途？
snapd.服务是一个包管理器，负责所有随其安装的包。考虑运行
snap list。清理 snap（或删除它或禁用其服务）也可以摆脱一些 dev-loop 设备。请注意，包可能依赖于它。https://askubuntu.com/a/1056841/1749107e2scrub_reap.service负责一些存储驱动器操作。点击此处了解更多信息https://manpages.debian.org/testing/e2fsprogs/e2scrub.8.en.html。我不建议禁用它。
以下是我的工作站服务器的示例system-analyse --blame输出，供您参考。这是一台笔记本电脑，配有 2018 年的普通 i7 英特尔 CPU 和 SSD。
7.676s apt-daily.service
7.077s systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
3.465s snap.lxd.activate.service
3.376s snapd.service
2.447s fwupd-refresh.service
976ms ua-timer.service
683ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
409ms dev-mapper-ubuntu\x2d\x2dvg\x2dubuntu\x2d\x2dlv.device
329ms cloud-init-local.service
329ms cloud-init.service
300ms cloud-final.service
296ms cloud-config.service
281ms man-db.service
271ms dev-loop5.device
270ms dev-loop6.device
266ms dev-loop3.device
265ms dev-loop2.device
263ms dev-loop4.device
262ms dev-loop1.device
256ms dev-loop0.device
190ms systemd-resolved.service
153ms snapd.apparmor.service
148ms dev-hugepages.mount
147ms dev-mqueue.mount
145ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
144ms sys-kernel-tracing.mount
139ms keyboard-setup.service
138ms kmod-static-nodes.service
137ms lvm2-monitor.service
133ms [email protected]
132ms systemd-journald.service
131ms [email protected]
128ms modprobe@efi_pstore.service
110ms udisks2.service