在我的系统中，我有两个SDD：
- 使用 Ubuntu 23.10 和 Windows 11
- 两个主分区：一个用于 ext4
/home，一个用于 Windows 中的通用存储
直到几周前我才能够在 Ubuntu 中安装“存储”分区，然后它拒绝再安装它，阅读这里的答案后我启动了 Windows（99％ 的时间我只运行 Ubuntu）并且在“存储”分区上运行了 chkdsk。
重启后，Ubuntu 无法启动。安装 snap 内容后，Ubuntu 挂起。
最后一条消息是：“按 ctrl+c 取消磁盘检查”（不确定确切的措辞 - 它是意大利语）。但是无论按 ctrl+c 还是等待几个小时，什么都没有发生。
我尝试过的：
- 从旧内核启动
- 在恢复模式下启动并运行
fsck：如果我确认重新安装驱动器，它会失败，因为它们已安装，如果我不确认它什么也不做 - 在恢复模式下启动并
fsck在所有 Linux 分区上手动运行，未发现错误 - 在恢复模式下启动并
badblocks -sv在两个驱动器上运行，未发现错误 - 编辑 grub cmdline 添加
fsck. mode=skip：它实际上并没有显示消息，但仍然在同一点冻结 - 更改控制台（即 alt+f6），登录并尝试使用以下命令手动启动 gnome
exec gnome-session：它再次请求登录 - 更改控制台（即 alt+f6），登录并尝试使用以下命令手动启动 gnome
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm3 start：它显示：“启动 gdm3（通过 systemctl）：gdm3.service”，但没有其他事情发生（与我直接启动服务时相同） - 检查
/etc/fstabWindows 分区：正如预期的那样不存在，因为我只在需要时手动安装它 - 跑步
apt update && apt upgrade - 从恢复菜单中选择“检查损坏的包”
这里的一些输出dmesg听起来很可疑（我无法在这里发布全部内容）但我不确定它们是否与当前问题有关：
...
[ 12.014265] vboxdrv: Found 32 processor cores/threads
[ 12.014372] ================================================================================
[ 12.014373] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /tmp/vbox.0/common/log/log.c:1791:41
[ 12.014374] index 1 is out of range for type 'uint32_t [1]'
[ 12.014375] CPU: 6 PID: 2161 Comm: modprobe Tainted: P OE 6.5.0-15-generic #15-Ubuntu
[ 12.014377] Hardware name: ASUS System Product Name/ROG STRIX X670E-E GAMING WIFI, BIOS 0705 10/05/2022
[ 12.014378] Call Trace:
[ 12.014379] <TASK>
[ 12.014381] dump_stack_lvl+0x48/0x70
[ 12.014385] dump_stack+0x10/0x20
[ 12.014387] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xc6/0x110
[ 12.014391] VBoxHost_RTLogGroupSettings+0x49f/0x4c0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014404] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014407] ? rtR0MemAllocEx+0x57/0xd0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014419] VBoxHost_RTLogCreateExV+0x297/0x4a0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014433] VBoxHost_RTLogCreate+0x6f/0xb0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014446] ? rtR0MemAllocEx+0x57/0xd0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014457] supdrvInitDevExt+0x59/0x330 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014471] VBoxDrvLinuxInit+0x87/0xff0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014483] ? __pfx_VBoxDrvLinuxInit+0x10/0x10 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014494] do_one_initcall+0x5b/0x340
[ 12.014498] do_init_module+0x91/0x290
[ 12.014501] load_module+0xba1/0xcf0
[ 12.014505] init_module_from_file+0x96/0x100
[ 12.014507] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014508] ? init_module_from_file+0x96/0x100
[ 12.014511] idempotent_init_module+0x11c/0x2b0
[ 12.014514] __x64_sys_finit_module+0x64/0xd0
[ 12.014516] do_syscall_64+0x59/0x90
[ 12.014518] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014519] ? ext4_llseek+0xc3/0x130
[ 12.014522] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014523] ? ksys_lseek+0x7d/0xd0
[ 12.014525] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014526] ? exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x30/0xb0
[ 12.014528] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014529] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x37/0x60
[ 12.014532] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014533] ? do_syscall_64+0x68/0x90
[ 12.014534] ? irqentry_exit+0x43/0x50
[ 12.014535] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014536] ? exc_page_fault+0x94/0x1b0
[ 12.014537] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8
[ 12.014539] RIP: 0033:0x7f45ca925cfd
[ 12.014556] Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d eb 80 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48
[ 12.014557] RSP: 002b:00007fff8e6d97a8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000139
[ 12.014559] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000563dedd68ae0 RCX: 00007f45ca925cfd
[ 12.014560] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000563debe56727 RDI: 0000000000000003
[ 12.014560] RBP: 0000563debe56727 R08: 0000000000000040 R09: 00007fff8e6d98b0
[ 12.014561] R10: ffffffffffffffc0 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000040000
[ 12.014562] R13: 0000563dedd68460 R14: 0000563dedd699d0 R15: 0000563dedd68dc0
[ 12.014564] </TASK>
[ 12.014565] ================================================================================
[ 12.014572] ================================================================================
[ 12.014573] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /tmp/vbox.0/r0drv/linux/memobj-r0drv-linux.c:399:33
[ 12.014574] index 1 is out of range for type 'page *[1]'
[ 12.014574] CPU: 6 PID: 2161 Comm: modprobe Tainted: P OE 6.5.0-15-generic #15-Ubuntu
[ 12.014576] Hardware name: ASUS System Product Name/ROG STRIX X670E-E GAMING WIFI, BIOS 0705 10/05/2022
[ 12.014576] Call Trace:
[ 12.014577] <TASK>
[ 12.014577] dump_stack_lvl+0x48/0x70
[ 12.014579] dump_stack+0x10/0x20
[ 12.014580] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xc6/0x110
[ 12.014582] rtR0MemObjLinuxAllocPages+0x31c/0x330 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014595] rtR0MemObjNativeAllocCont+0x5f/0x130 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014607] VBoxHost_RTR0MemObjAllocContTag+0x4e/0xa0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014620] supdrvGipCreate+0x66/0xdf0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014632] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014633] ? rtR0MemAllocEx+0x57/0xd0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014645] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014647] supdrvInitDevExt+0x14d/0x330 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014659] VBoxDrvLinuxInit+0x87/0xff0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014670] ? __pfx_VBoxDrvLinuxInit+0x10/0x10 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014681] do_one_initcall+0x5b/0x340
[ 12.014684] do_init_module+0x91/0x290
[ 12.014686] load_module+0xba1/0xcf0
[ 12.014689] init_module_from_file+0x96/0x100
[ 12.014691] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014692] ? init_module_from_file+0x96/0x100
[ 12.014695] idempotent_init_module+0x11c/0x2b0
[ 12.014698] __x64_sys_finit_module+0x64/0xd0
[ 12.014700] do_syscall_64+0x59/0x90
[ 12.014701] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014702] ? ext4_llseek+0xc3/0x130
[ 12.014704] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014705] ? ksys_lseek+0x7d/0xd0
[ 12.014706] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014707] ? exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x30/0xb0
[ 12.014709] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014710] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x37/0x60
[ 12.014711] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014712] ? do_syscall_64+0x68/0x90
[ 12.014713] ? irqentry_exit+0x43/0x50
[ 12.014714] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014715] ? exc_page_fault+0x94/0x1b0
[ 12.014717] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8
[ 12.014718] RIP: 0033:0x7f45ca925cfd
[ 12.014720] Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d eb 80 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48
[ 12.014721] RSP: 002b:00007fff8e6d97a8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000139
[ 12.014722] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000563dedd68ae0 RCX: 00007f45ca925cfd
[ 12.014723] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000563debe56727 RDI: 0000000000000003
[ 12.014723] RBP: 0000563debe56727 R08: 0000000000000040 R09: 00007fff8e6d98b0
[ 12.014724] R10: ffffffffffffffc0 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000040000
[ 12.014724] R13: 0000563dedd68460 R14: 0000563dedd699d0 R15: 0000563dedd68dc0
[ 12.014727] </TASK>
[ 12.014727] ================================================================================
[ 12.014728] ================================================================================
[ 12.014728] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /tmp/vbox.0/r0drv/linux/memobj-r0drv-linux.c:596:45
[ 12.014729] index 3 is out of range for type 'page *[1]'
[ 12.014729] CPU: 6 PID: 2161 Comm: modprobe Tainted: P OE 6.5.0-15-generic #15-Ubuntu
[ 12.014730] Hardware name: ASUS System Product Name/ROG STRIX X670E-E GAMING WIFI, BIOS 0705 10/05/2022
[ 12.014731] Call Trace:
[ 12.014731] <TASK>
[ 12.014732] dump_stack_lvl+0x48/0x70
[ 12.014733] dump_stack+0x10/0x20
[ 12.014735] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xc6/0x110
[ 12.014737] rtR0MemObjLinuxVMap+0xb7/0xc0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014749] rtR0MemObjNativeAllocCont+0x76/0x130 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014760] VBoxHost_RTR0MemObjAllocContTag+0x4e/0xa0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014772] supdrvGipCreate+0x66/0xdf0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014783] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014784] ? rtR0MemAllocEx+0x57/0xd0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014795] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014797] supdrvInitDevExt+0x14d/0x330 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014808] VBoxDrvLinuxInit+0x87/0xff0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014819] ? __pfx_VBoxDrvLinuxInit+0x10/0x10 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014830] do_one_initcall+0x5b/0x340
[ 12.014833] do_init_module+0x91/0x290
[ 12.014835] load_module+0xba1/0xcf0
[ 12.014839] init_module_from_file+0x96/0x100
[ 12.014840] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014841] ? init_module_from_file+0x96/0x100
[ 12.014844] idempotent_init_module+0x11c/0x2b0
[ 12.014847] __x64_sys_finit_module+0x64/0xd0
[ 12.014849] do_syscall_64+0x59/0x90
[ 12.014850] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014851] ? ext4_llseek+0xc3/0x130
[ 12.014853] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014854] ? ksys_lseek+0x7d/0xd0
[ 12.014855] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014856] ? exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x30/0xb0
[ 12.014858] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014859] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x37/0x60
[ 12.014860] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014861] ? do_syscall_64+0x68/0x90
[ 12.014862] ? irqentry_exit+0x43/0x50
[ 12.014863] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014864] ? exc_page_fault+0x94/0x1b0
[ 12.014865] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8
[ 12.014866] RIP: 0033:0x7f45ca925cfd
[ 12.014868] Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d eb 80 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48
[ 12.014869] RSP: 002b:00007fff8e6d97a8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000139
[ 12.014870] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000563dedd68ae0 RCX: 00007f45ca925cfd
[ 12.014871] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000563debe56727 RDI: 0000000000000003
[ 12.014871] RBP: 0000563debe56727 R08: 0000000000000040 R09: 00007fff8e6d98b0
[ 12.014872] R10: ffffffffffffffc0 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000040000
[ 12.014872] R13: 0000563dedd68460 R14: 0000563dedd699d0 R15: 0000563dedd68dc0
[ 12.014875] </TASK>
[ 12.014875] ================================================================================
[ 12.014878] ================================================================================
[ 12.014878] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /tmp/vbox.0/SUPDrvGip.c:1956:44
[ 12.014879] index 2 is out of range for type 'SUPGIPCPU [1]'
[ 12.014879] CPU: 6 PID: 2161 Comm: modprobe Tainted: P OE 6.5.0-15-generic #15-Ubuntu
[ 12.014880] Hardware name: ASUS System Product Name/ROG STRIX X670E-E GAMING WIFI, BIOS 0705 10/05/2022
[ 12.014881] Call Trace:
[ 12.014881] <TASK>
[ 12.014881] dump_stack_lvl+0x48/0x70
[ 12.014883] dump_stack+0x10/0x20
[ 12.014884] __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xc6/0x110
[ 12.014886] supdrvGipCreate+0xda7/0xdf0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014897] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014899] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014901] supdrvInitDevExt+0x14d/0x330 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014912] VBoxDrvLinuxInit+0x87/0xff0 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014923] ? __pfx_VBoxDrvLinuxInit+0x10/0x10 [vboxdrv]
[ 12.014934] do_one_initcall+0x5b/0x340
[ 12.014937] do_init_module+0x91/0x290
[ 12.014938] load_module+0xba1/0xcf0
[ 12.014942] init_module_from_file+0x96/0x100
[ 12.014943] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014944] ? init_module_from_file+0x96/0x100
[ 12.014948] idempotent_init_module+0x11c/0x2b0
[ 12.014951] __x64_sys_finit_module+0x64/0xd0
[ 12.014953] do_syscall_64+0x59/0x90
[ 12.014954] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014955] ? ext4_llseek+0xc3/0x130
[ 12.014956] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014957] ? ksys_lseek+0x7d/0xd0
[ 12.014959] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014960] ? exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0x30/0xb0
[ 12.014961] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014962] ? syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x37/0x60
[ 12.014963] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014964] ? do_syscall_64+0x68/0x90
[ 12.014965] ? irqentry_exit+0x43/0x50
[ 12.014966] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0x7f
[ 12.014967] ? exc_page_fault+0x94/0x1b0
[ 12.014969] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8
[ 12.014970] RIP: 0033:0x7f45ca925cfd
[ 12.014972] Code: ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 90 f3 0f 1e fa 48 89 f8 48 89 f7 48 89 d6 48 89 ca 4d 89 c2 4d 89 c8 4c 8b 4c 24 08 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d eb 80 0d 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48
[ 12.014972] RSP: 002b:00007fff8e6d97a8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000139
[ 12.014973] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000563dedd68ae0 RCX: 00007f45ca925cfd
[ 12.014974] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000563debe56727 RDI: 0000000000000003
[ 12.014974] RBP: 0000563debe56727 R08: 0000000000000040 R09: 00007fff8e6d98b0
[ 12.014975] R10: ffffffffffffffc0 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000040000
[ 12.014976] R13: 0000563dedd68460 R14: 0000563dedd699d0 R15: 0000563dedd68dc0
[ 12.014978] </TASK>
[ 12.014978] ================================================================================
[ 12.032481] ================================================================================
...
[ 287.273183] audit: type=1400 audit(1706804289.805:217): apparmor="DENIED" operation="capable" class="cap" profile="/snap/snapd/20671/usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine" pid=19619 comm="snap-confine" capability=38 capname="perfmon"
[ 318.777572] audit: type=1400 audit(1706804321.309:218): apparmor="DENIED" operation="capable" class="cap" profile="/snap/snapd/20671/usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine" pid=21504 comm="snap-confine" capability=12 capname="net_admin"
[ 318.777586] audit: type=1400 audit(1706804321.309:219): apparmor="DENIED" operation="capable" class="cap" profile="/snap/snapd/20671/usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine" pid=21504 comm="snap-confine" capability=38 capname="perfmon"
[ 670.069858] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized
[ 670.069868] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized
[ 670.069872] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11
[ 765.074203] traps: gdm3[54970] trap int3 ip:7f1105f46a0d sp:7ffec7bf8e60 error:0 in libglib-2.0.so.0.7800.0[7f1105f02000+9a000]
[ 766.434234] traps: gdm3[55036] trap int3 ip:7fb10cc8fa0d sp:7fffc1138010 error:0 in libglib-2.0.so.0.7800.0[7fb10cc4b000+9a000]
[ 767.970139] traps: gdm3[55180] trap int3 ip:7f1048e37a0d sp:7ffe6f224cb0 error:0 in libglib-2.0.so.0.7800.0[7f1048df3000+9a000]
[ 769.446560] traps: gdm3[55328] trap int3 ip:7fcb70fbea0d sp:7ffe712cd6c0 error:0 in libglib-2.0.so.0.7800.0[7fcb70f7a000+9a000]
[ 770.934558] traps: gdm3[55513] trap int3 ip:7efdf4ae4a0d sp:7ffc701d29f0 error:0 in libglib-2.0.so.0.7800.0[7efdf4aa0000+9a000]
我没什么主意了。我该怎么做才能找出系统拒绝启动的原因以及如何修复它？
更新
听了 DanielT 的评论后，我几乎每天都在使用 VirtualBox，没有任何问题。无论如何，为了尝试再次启动 Gnome，我尝试将其删除。实际上，我不得不删除该virtualbox-7.0软件包。
不幸的是，行为是一样的。以下是当前的错误：
$ sudo dmesg -l err
[ 0.364620] ACPI BIOS Error (bug): Could not resolve symbol [\_SB.PCI0.GPP7.UP00.DP40.UP00.DP68], AE_NOT_FOUND (20230331/dswload2-162)
[ 0.364632] ACPI Error: AE_NOT_FOUND, During name lookup/catalog (20230331/psobject-220)
[ 6.311861] hub 10-0:1.0: config failed, hub doesn't have any ports! (err -19)
[ 10.471789] iwlwifi 0000:09:00.0: WRT: Invalid buffer destination
[ 11.910476] iwlwifi 0000:09:00.0: WRT: Invalid buffer destination
[ 13.921769] ================================================================================
[ 13.921783] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_gpu.c:2323:28
[ 13.921793] index 0 is out of range for type 'uvm_gpu_chunk_t *[*]'
[ 13.922137] ================================================================================
[ 13.922146] ================================================================================
[ 13.922152] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_gpu.c:2003:44
[ 13.922161] index 0 is out of range for type 'uvm_gpu_chunk_t *[*]'
[ 13.922427] ================================================================================
[ 13.922434] ================================================================================
[ 13.922440] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_gpu.c:713:68
[ 13.922448] index 0 is out of range for type 'uvm_gpu_chunk_t *[*]'
[ 13.922722] ================================================================================
[ 13.922729] ================================================================================
[ 13.922735] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_gpu.c:2009:63
[ 13.922743] index 1 is out of range for type 'uvm_gpu_chunk_t *[*]'
[ 13.923001] ================================================================================
[ 13.942298] ================================================================================
[ 13.942307] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_mmu.c:425:17
[ 13.942316] index 0 is out of range for type 'uvm_page_directory_t *[*]'
[ 13.942619] ================================================================================
[ 13.942630] ================================================================================
[ 13.942636] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_mmu.c:411:51
[ 13.942644] index 16 is out of range for type 'uvm_page_directory_t *[*]'
[ 13.942910] ================================================================================
[ 14.025724] ================================================================================
[ 14.025738] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_mmu.c:425:17
[ 14.025748] index 57 is out of range for type 'uvm_page_directory_t *[*]'
[ 14.026005] ================================================================================
[ 14.063684] ================================================================================
[ 14.063688] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_gpu.c:2563:71
[ 14.063690] index 0 is out of range for type 'uvm_gpu_chunk_t *[*]'
[ 14.064242] ================================================================================
[ 14.064245] ================================================================================
[ 14.064246] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_gpu.c:795:45
[ 14.064248] index 0 is out of range for type 'uvm_gpu_chunk_t *[*]'
[ 14.064748] ================================================================================
[ 14.064750] ================================================================================
[ 14.064751] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/525.147.05/build/nvidia-uvm/uvm_pmm_gpu.c:822:39
[ 14.064752] index 0 is out of range for type 'uvm_gpu_chunk_t *[*]'
[ 14.065223] ================================================================================
它们是关于 Nvidia 的——我不明白它们是否（以及如何）与我的问题相关。
更新2
我已经好几个月没碰过 Nvidia 驱动程序了。无论如何：
$ nvidia-smi
Thu Feb 1 20:41:44 2024
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 525.147.05 Driver Version: 525.147.05 CUDA Version: 12.0 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
| | | MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 NVIDIA GeForce ... Off | 00000000:01:00.0 On | N/A |
| 0% 30C P8 13W / 320W | 1MiB / 16376MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: |
| GPU GI CI PID Type Process name GPU Memory |
| ID ID Usage |
|=============================================================================|
| No running processes found |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
我觉得这是正确的。Ubuntu 说：
$ ubuntu-drivers devices
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
udevadm hwdb is deprecated. Use systemd-hwdb instead.
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.1/0000:01:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd00002704sv0000196Esd000013BCbc03sc00i00
vendor : NVIDIA Corporation
model : AD103 [GeForce RTX 4080]
driver : nvidia-driver-545 - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-535-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-525 - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-525-open - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-535-server-open - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-525-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-535 - distro non-free recommended
driver : nvidia-driver-545-open - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-535-open - distro non-free
driver : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin
我试过了sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall，但重新启动后......它仍然挂起，声称检查文件系统错误，但实际上它什么也没做。
答案1
不确定我在 Windows 上的活动是否以及如何在 Ubuntu 中引发此问题，但我找到了解决方案/var/log/syslog：
2024-02-02T15：39：46.874574+01：00 mark gdm3：Gdm：GdmSession：未安装会话桌面文件，正在中止...
因此我大胆猜测：
sudo apt install --reinstall ubuntu-session
并解决了这个问题。