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无法在 Ubuntu 18.04 上启动 CUPS

tag-icon • tag-icon printing cups-lpd
无法在 Ubuntu 18.04 上启动 CUPS

我已经在 Ubuntu 18.04 Bionic Beaver 上安装了 CUPS，如下所示

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install cups

我检查了 CUPS 的状态，它无法启动

$ systemctl status cups

 ● cups.service - CUPS Scheduler
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/cups.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Mon 2018-09-10 16:29:40 EDT; 3s ago
     Docs: man:cupsd(8)
  Process: 2895 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/cupsd -l (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
 Main PID: 2895 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Sep 10 16:29:40 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
Sep 10 16:29:40 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 5.
Sep 10 16:29:40 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: Stopped CUPS Scheduler.
Sep 10 16:29:40 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Start request repeated too quickly.
Sep 10 16:29:40 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Sep 10 16:29:40 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: Failed to start CUPS Scheduler.

我编辑了 cupsd.conf，将 LogLevel 从“warn”更改为“debug”。我尝试手动启动 cups，但输出重复出现

$ systemctl start cups
$ systemctl status cups

这是日志，显示的块是重复的。

$ grep cups /var/log/syslog

Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 1.
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 2.
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
Sep 10 15:56:36 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 3.
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 4.
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Service hold-off time over, scheduling restart.
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 5.
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Start request repeated too quickly.
Sep 10 15:56:37 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Sep 10 16:02:15 chrisni-X456UJ systemd[1]: cups.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE

有人知道我该如何开始喝杯子吗？

答案1

查看尾部/var/log/cups/error_log：

X [14/Jul/2020:15:06:38 +0200] No valid Listen or Port lines were found in the configuration file.

确实，配置文件被其他一些设置破坏了，但幸运的是保留了备份：

ll /etc/cups/cupsd.conf*
-rw-r----- 1 root 4571 2020-07-01 19:53 /etc/cups/cupsd.conf.O
-rw-r----- 1 root   22 2020-07-01 19:54 /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

这对我有用（在 Ubuntu 18.04 中），可以恢复cupsd.conf并重新启动 cups：

sudo -i
cd /etc/cups
cp cupsd.conf.O cupsd.conf
systemctl restart cups

验证方式：

systemctl status cups

答案2

我得到了 system-has-not-been-booted-with-systemd 错误。所以我搜索了错误并转到https://linuxhandbook.com/system-has-not-been-booted-with-systemd/.因此systemctl 重启 cups我用了 服务杯重启。然后我检查了服务杯状态。 都好。

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