这种情况大概发生过三次（在不同的系统上），我认为这可能与升级前处于活动状态的 PPA 有关（也许是帕多卡?)。每次我的系统都无法修复（就我的能力而言），我不得不完全重新安装。这种特定的系统配置将使这成为一项重大任务，我将真的 真的如果可能的话尽量避免。
我启动了从 17.10 到 18.04 的简单升级，但却失败了，并留下了以下信息：
:~$ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-gnome-desktop
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
ubuntu-gnome-desktop is already the newest version (0.83).
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
ubuntu-desktop : Depends: gdm3 but it is not going to be installed
Depends: gnome-control-center but it is not going to be installed
Depends: gnome-settings-daemon but it is not going to be installed
Depends: gnome-shell but it is not going to be installed
Depends: ubuntu-session but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: deja-dup but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: gnome-calendar but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: gnome-getting-started-docs but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: gnome-initial-setup but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: gnome-todo but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libreoffice-calc but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libreoffice-gnome but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libreoffice-impress but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libreoffice-math but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libreoffice-ogltrans but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libreoffice-pdfimport but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libreoffice-style-breeze but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libreoffice-writer but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: nautilus-share but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: shotwell but it is not going to be installed
ubuntu-gnome-desktop : Depends: gnome-session but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
:~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-desktop:
ubuntu-desktop depends on gdm3; however:
Package gdm3 is not installed.
ubuntu-desktop depends on gnome-control-center; however:
Package gnome-control-center is not installed.
ubuntu-desktop depends on gnome-settings-daemon; however:
Package gnome-settings-daemon is not installed.
ubuntu-desktop depends on gnome-shell; however:
Package gnome-shell is not installed.
ubuntu-desktop depends on ubuntu-session; however:
Package ubuntu-session is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-desktop (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-gnome-desktop:
ubuntu-gnome-desktop depends on ubuntu-desktop; however:
Package ubuntu-desktop is not configured yet.
ubuntu-gnome-desktop depends on gnome-session; however:
Package gnome-session is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package ubuntu-gnome-desktop (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
ubuntu-desktop
ubuntu-gnome-desktop
:~$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
bolt caribou gcc-7-base:i386 gdal-data gir1.2-mutter-1 gir1.2-nm-1.0 gir1.2-nma-1.0 gir1.2-tracker-2.0 gnome-todo-common kodi-bin libaec0 libarmadillo7
libarmadillo8 libarpack2 libassimp3v5 libav-tools libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libboost-random1.62.0 libbrotli1 libcdio15 libcec4 libcomerr2:i386
libcrossguid0 libdap25 libdapclient6v5 libde265-0 libepsilon1 libfabric1 libfreerdp-cache1.1 libfreerdp-client1.1 libfreerdp-codec1.1
libfreerdp-common1.1.0 libfreerdp-core1.1 libfreerdp-crypto1.1 libfreerdp-gdi1.1 libfreerdp-locale1.1 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
libfreerdp-primitives1.1 libfreerdp-utils1.1 libfreexl1 libfyba0 libg15daemon-client1 libgdal20 libgeos-3.5.1 libgeos-3.6.2 libgeos-c1v5 libgeotiff2
libgl2ps1 libgl2ps1.4 libglade2-0 libglvnd0 libgnome-todo libgraphene-1.0-0 libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-0 libgupnp-igd-1.0-4 libhdf4-0-alt libhdf5-100
libhdf5-openmpi-100 libhwloc-plugins libhwloc5 libidn11-dev libjs-excanvas libkate1 libkeybinder0 libkmlbase1 libkmldom1 libkmlengine1 liblept5
liblilv-0-0 libllvm5.0 libmicrohttpd10 libmjpegutils-2.1-0 libmpcdec6 libmpeg2encpp-2.1-0 libmplex2-2.1-0 libmutter-1-0 libnetcdf-c++4 libnetcdf11
libnetcdf13 libnfs8 libnice10 libntfs-3g872 libodbc1 libofa0 libogdi3.2 libopencv-core3.1 libopencv-flann3.1 libopencv-imgproc3.1 libopencv-ml3.1
libopencv-photo3.1 libopencv-shape3.1 libopencv-video3.1 libopencv-viz3.1 libopenmpi2 libp8-platform2 libpoppler68 libpq5 libproj12 libpsm-infinipath1
libqhull7 libqt5concurrent5 libqt5positioning5 libqt5positioning5-plugins libqt5qml5 libqt5script5 libqt5sensors5 libqt5sql5 libqt5sql5-sqlite
libqt5test5 libqt5webchannel5 libqt5webengine-data libqt5xml5 libre2-3 libre2-4 librtaudio5a librtmidi3 libserd-0-0 libshairplay0 libsodium18 libsord-0-0
libsoundtouch1 libspandsp2 libspatialite7 libsratom-0-0 libsrtp0 libsrtp2-1 libsuperlu5 libsysmetrics1 libsz2 libtbb2 libtesseract-data libtesseract3
libtinyxml2-5 libtinyxml2.6.2v5 liburiparser1 libvo-aacenc0 libvo-amrwbenc0 libvte-common libvte9 libvtk6.3 libvulkan1 libwildmidi-config libwildmidi2
libwinpr-crt0.1 libwinpr-dsparse0.1 libwinpr-environment0.1 libwinpr-file0.1 libwinpr-handle0.1 libwinpr-heap0.1 libwinpr-input0.1
libwinpr-interlocked0.1 libwinpr-library0.1 libwinpr-path0.1 libwinpr-pool0.1 libwinpr-registry0.1 libwinpr-rpc0.1 libwinpr-sspi0.1 libwinpr-synch0.1
libwinpr-sysinfo0.1 libwinpr-thread0.1 libwinpr-utils0.1 libwoff1 libx264-148 libx265-130 libxcb-xinerama0 libxerces-c3.1 libxerces-c3.2 libzbar0
linux-image-4.13.0-46-generic linux-image-extra-4.13.0-46-generic linux-signed-image-4.13.0-46-generic mkclean mkvalidator ocl-icd-libopencl1 odbcinst
odbcinst1debian2 openmpi-bin openmpi-common proj-bin proj-data python-bluez python-gconf python-glade2 python-imaging python-keybinder python-notify
python-olefile python-pil python-vte python3-sip qtbase5-dev-tools qtwebengine5-doc shotwell-common
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
gnome-control-center gnome-settings-daemon
Suggested packages:
rygel | rygel-tracker
The following packages will be REMOVED:
ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-gnome-desktop
The following NEW packages will be installed:
gnome-control-center gnome-settings-daemon
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 2 to remove and 12 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 1,942 kB of archives.
After this operation, 6,094 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] n
:~$ sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [83.2 kB]
Fetched 172 kB in 1s (303 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
:~$ apt-cache policy gdm3 ubuntu-gnome-desktop
gdm3:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 3.28.3-0ubuntu18.04.3
Version table:
3.28.3-0ubuntu18.04.3 500
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages
3.28.2-0ubuntu1.4 500
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages
3.28.0-0ubuntu1 500
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
3.26.1-3ubuntu3 -1
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
ubuntu-gnome-desktop:
Installed: 0.83
Candidate: 0.83
Version table:
*** 0.83 500
500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
如果我对 说道Y，--fix-broken install我就会失去这个支离破碎的状态中仅存的一点东西。我完全不知道该怎么做才能解决这个问题，我害怕尝试任何事情，因为担心会让问题变得更糟（这通常会发生）。
请帮忙！