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无法在Linux上挂载mmcblk分区

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无法在Linux上挂载mmcblk分区

我在 USB 上实时运行 Kali，并尝试访问 Windows 10 分区（因为 Windows 有一个我们忘记的密码，并且我尝试更改 SAM 文件）。在 HD 驱动器上，我只是使用mount /dev/sdX /mnt并输入，但在 SD 驱动器上（这是我第一次使用它们），我遇到了这个文件系统错误，我不知道如何解决。这是fdisk -l结果：

Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 29.1 GiB, 31268536320 bytes, 61071360 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: BDCC441D-C0B3-4F13-A548-025EC15FA7FE

Device            Start      End  Sectors  Size Type
/dev/mmcblk0p1     2048   534527   532480  260M EFI System
/dev/mmcblk0p2   534528   567295    32768   16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/mmcblk0p3   567296 59054079 58486784 27.9G Microsoft basic data
/dev/mmcblk0p4 59054080 61059071  2004992  979M Windows recovery environment




Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot1: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mmcblk0boot0: 4 MiB, 4194304 bytes, 8192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sda: 3.7 GiB, 4005560320 bytes, 7823360 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x17fcad22

Device     Boot   Start     End Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *         64 5898239 5898176  2.8G 17 Hidden HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2       5898240 5899647    1408  704K  1 FAT12


Disk /dev/loop0: 2.6 GiB, 2779897856 bytes, 5429488 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

这是结果fdisk /dev/mmcblk0p3 -l

Disk /dev/mmcblk0p3: 27.9 GiB, 29945233408 bytes, 58486784 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x78787878

Device           Boot      Start        End    Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/mmcblk0p3p1      2021161080 4042322159 2021161080 963.8G 78 unknown
/dev/mmcblk0p3p2      2021161080 4042322159 2021161080 963.8G 78 unknown
/dev/mmcblk0p3p3      4294932600 8589899894 4294967295     2T 78 unknown
/dev/mmcblk0p3p4      4294967295 5035196669  740229375   353G ff BBT

这是结果file -s /dev/mmcblk0p3

/dev/mmcblk0p3: DOS/MBR boot sector, code offset 0x58+2, OEM-ID "-FVE-FS-", sectors/cluster 8, reserved sectors 0, Media descriptor 0xf8, sectors/track 63, heads 255, hidden sectors 567296, FAT (32 bit), sectors/FAT 8160, serial number 0x0, unlabeled; NTFS, sectors/track 63, physical drive 0x1fe0, $MFT start cluster 393217, serial number 02020454d414e204f, checksum 0x41462020

这是结果lsblk

NAME         MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0          7:0    0  2.6G  1 loop /lib/live/mount/rootfs/filesystem.squashfs
sda            8:0    1  3.7G  0 disk 
├─sda1         8:1    1  2.8G  0 part /lib/live/mount/medium
└─sda2         8:2    1  704K  0 part /media/root/Kali Live
mmcblk0      179:0    0 29.1G  0 disk 
├─mmcblk0p1  179:1    0  260M  0 part 
├─mmcblk0p2  179:2    0   16M  0 part 
├─mmcblk0p3  179:3    0 27.9G  0 part 
└─mmcblk0p4  179:4    0  979M  0 part 
mmcblk0boot0 179:256  0    4M  1 disk 
mmcblk0boot1 179:512  0    4M  1 disk 
mmcblk0rpmb  179:768  0    4M  0 disk

当我运行这个命令时：

mount /dev/mmcblk0p3/ /mnt

我收到以下错误：

NTFS signature is missing.
Failed to mount '/dev/mmcblk0p3': Invalid argument
The device '/dev/mmcblk0p3' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS.
Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a
partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around?

我也尝试过这个 mount -t vfat /dev/mmcblk0p3 /mnt，但我得到：

mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mmcblk0p3,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error

       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail or so.

最后这是结果cat /proc/filesystems

nodev   sysfs
nodev   rootfs
nodev   tmpfs
nodev   bdev
nodev   proc
nodev   cpuset
nodev   cgroup
nodev   cgroup2
nodev   devtmpfs
nodev   debugfs
nodev   tracefs
nodev   securityfs
nodev   sockfs
nodev   dax
nodev   bpf
nodev   pipefs
nodev   ramfs
nodev   hugetlbfs
nodev   devpts
nodev   pstore
nodev   mqueue
    vfat
    ntfs
    iso9660
nodev   overlay
    squashfs
nodev   autofs
nodev   efivarfs
nodev   binfmt_misc
    fuseblk
nodev   fuse
nodev   fusectl

导致这些错误的原因可能是什么？

答案1

根本原因是您尝试挂载嵌套分区，而 Linux 无法将它们识别为块设备。这是 GPT 表/dev/mmcblk0：

Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 29.1 GiB, 31268536320 bytes, 61071360 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: BDCC441D-C0B3-4F13-A548-025EC15FA7FE

Device            Start      End  Sectors  Size Type
/dev/mmcblk0p1     2048   534527   532480  260M EFI System
/dev/mmcblk0p2   534528   567295    32768   16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/mmcblk0p3   567296 59054079 58486784 27.9G Microsoft basic data
/dev/mmcblk0p4 59054080 61059071  2004992  979M Windows recovery environment

第三个分区/dev/mmcblk0p3包含 MBR 表，而不是文件系统：

Disk /dev/mmcblk0p3: 27.9 GiB, 29945233408 bytes, 58486784 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x78787878

Device           Boot      Start        End    Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/mmcblk0p3p1      2021161080 4042322159 2021161080 963.8G 78 unknown
/dev/mmcblk0p3p2      2021161080 4042322159 2021161080 963.8G 78 unknown
/dev/mmcblk0p3p3      4294932600 8589899894 4294967295     2T 78 unknown
/dev/mmcblk0p3p4      4294967295 5035196669  740229375   353G ff BBT

注意上面的 DOS 磁盘标签。但是，Linux 无法识别嵌套在分区中的 MBR 表。因此，MBR 分区不可用于安装：

NAME         MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
...
mmcblk0      179:0    0 29.1G  0 disk 
├─mmcblk0p1  179:1    0  260M  0 part 
├─mmcblk0p2  179:2    0   16M  0 part 
├─mmcblk0p3  179:3    0 27.9G  0 part
|  |-- No block devices are shown nested here.
└─mmcblk0p4  179:4    0  979M  0 part 
...

解决方案

您可以使用循环挂载来挂载嵌套分区。本质上，您将创建一个指向嵌套分区的块设备，然后安装该块设备。请注意，这很难做到，并且考虑到 所示的嵌套分区的开始和结束扇区fdisk显然不正确，我将无法提供太多指导。

基本上，您需要弄清楚嵌套分区的实际开始和结束位置，然后使用 offset 和 sizelimit 选项创建循环设备。像这样的东西：

mount  /dev/mmcblk0p3 /mnt -o loop,offset=123,sizelimit=456

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