我正在设置 OpenSuse Web 服务器，需要运行 CutyCapt 和 XVFB，但在任何存储库中都找不到。我正在运行 OpenSuse 11.4 x64，没有桌面 GUI。
关于从哪里开始有什么建议吗？
答案1
在 OpenSUSE 11.4 上：
pdo@opensuse:~> rpm -q --whatprovides /usr/bin/Xvfb
xorg-x11-server-7.6_1.9.3-15.18.4.x86_64
因此，只需安装 xorg-x11-server （及其无数依赖项）：
pdo@opensuse:~> sudo zypper install -y xorg-x11-server
pdo@opensuse:~> /usr/bin/Xvfb
您不必安装桌面环境或任何东西，并且您的计算机仍然会启动到文本模式登录提示。
答案2
在 SLES11 中，Xvfb 由 xorg-x11-server-extra 提供。
答案3
xvfb-run显然不是一个实际的二进制文件，而是一个脚本，根据这个网站。
在基于 Debian 的发行版上这非常简单。该包称为 xvfb，可以使用 xvfb-run -a APPLICATION 在其中执行应用程序。在基于 RPM 的发行版上，这并不那么容易。但借助下表，可以轻松找到每个发行版上 xvfb 的包名称。您还可以查看该脚本是否随软件包一起提供，如果没有，可以从此处下载。
OpenSUSE 和 CentOS/RHEL 的脚本似乎是相同的，如下：
#!/bin/sh
# $Id: xvfb-run 2027 2004-11-16 14:54:16Z branden $
# This script starts an instance of Xvfb, the "fake" X server, runs a command
# with that server available, and kills the X server when done. The return
# value of the command becomes the return value of this script.
#
# If anyone is using this to build a Debian package, make sure the package
# Build-Depends on xvfb, xbase-clients, and xfonts-base.
set -e
PROGNAME=xvfb-run
SERVERNUM=99
AUTHFILE=
ERRORFILE=/dev/null
STARTWAIT=3
XVFBARGS="-screen 0 640x480x8"
LISTENTCP="-nolisten tcp"
XAUTHPROTO=.
# Query the terminal to establish a default number of columns to use for
# displaying messages to the user. This is used only as a fallback in the event
# the COLUMNS variable is not set. ($COLUMNS can react to SIGWINCH while the
# script is running, and this cannot, only being calculated once.)
DEFCOLUMNS=$(stty size 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $2}') || true
if ! expr "$DEFCOLUMNS" : "[[:digit:]]\+$" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
DEFCOLUMNS=80
fi
# Display a message, wrapping lines at the terminal width.
message () {
echo "$PROGNAME: $*" | fmt -t -w ${COLUMNS:-$DEFCOLUMNS}
}
# Display an error message.
error () {
message "error: $*" >&2
}
# Display a usage message.
usage () {
if [ -n "$*" ]; then
message "usage error: $*"
fi
cat <<EOF
Usage: $PROGNAME [OPTION ...] COMMAND
Run COMMAND (usually an X client) in a virtual X server environment.
Options:
-a --auto-servernum try to get a free server number, starting at
--server-num
-e FILE --error-file=FILE file used to store xauth errors and Xvfb
output (default: $ERRORFILE)
-f FILE --auth-file=FILE file used to store auth cookie
(default: ./.Xauthority)
-h --help display this usage message and exit
-n NUM --server-num=NUM server number to use (default: $SERVERNUM)
-l --listen-tcp enable TCP port listening in the X server
-p PROTO --xauth-protocol=PROTO X authority protocol name to use
(default: xauth command's default)
-s ARGS --server-args=ARGS arguments (other than server number and
"-nolisten tcp") to pass to the Xvfb server
(default: "$XVFBARGS")
-w DELAY --wait=DELAY delay in seconds to wait for Xvfb to start
before running COMMAND (default: $STARTWAIT)
EOF
}
# Find a free server number by looking at .X*-lock files in /tmp.
find_free_servernum() {
# Sadly, the "local" keyword is not POSIX. Leave the next line commented in
# the hope Debian Policy eventually changes to allow it in /bin/sh scripts
# anyway.
#local i
i=$SERVERNUM
while [ -f /tmp/.X$i-lock ]; do
i=$(($i + 1))
done
echo $i
}
# Clean up files
clean_up() {
if [ -e "$AUTHFILE" ]; then
XAUTHORITY=$AUTHFILE xauth remove ":$SERVERNUM" >>"$ERRORFILE" 2>&1
fi
if [ -n "$XVFB_RUN_TMPDIR" ]; then
if ! rm -r "$XVFB_RUN_TMPDIR"; then
error "problem while cleaning up temporary directory"
exit 5
fi
fi
}
# Parse the command line.
ARGS=$(getopt --options +ae:f:hn:lp:s:w: \
--long auto-servernum,error-file:,auth-file:,help,server-num:,listen-tcp,xauth-protocol:,server-args:,wait: \
--name "$PROGNAME" -- "$@")
GETOPT_STATUS=$?
if [ $GETOPT_STATUS -ne 0 ]; then
error "internal error; getopt exited with status $GETOPT_STATUS"
exit 6
fi
eval set -- "$ARGS"
while :; do
case "$1" in
-a|--auto-servernum) SERVERNUM=$(find_free_servernum) ;;
-e|--error-file) ERRORFILE="$2"; shift ;;
-f|--auth-file) AUTHFILE="$2"; shift ;;
-h|--help) SHOWHELP="yes" ;;
-n|--server-num) SERVERNUM="$2"; shift ;;
-l|--listen-tcp) LISTENTCP="" ;;
-p|--xauth-protocol) XAUTHPROTO="$2"; shift ;;
-s|--server-args) XVFBARGS="$2"; shift ;;
-w|--wait) STARTWAIT="$2"; shift ;;
--) shift; break ;;
*) error "internal error; getopt permitted \"$1\" unexpectedly"
exit 6
;;
esac
shift
done
if [ "$SHOWHELP" ]; then
usage
exit 0
fi
if [ -z "$*" ]; then
usage "need a command to run" >&2
exit 2
fi
if ! which xauth >/dev/null; then
error "xauth command not found"
exit 3
fi
# tidy up after ourselves
trap clean_up EXIT
# If the user did not specify an X authorization file to use, set up a temporary
# directory to house one.
if [ -z "$AUTHFILE" ]; then
XVFB_RUN_TMPDIR="${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/$PROGNAME.$$"
if ! mkdir -p -m 700 "$XVFB_RUN_TMPDIR"; then
error "temporary directory $XVFB_RUN_TMPDIR already exists"
exit 4
fi
AUTHFILE=$(mktemp -p "$XVFB_RUN_TMPDIR" -t Xauthority.XXXXXXXX)
fi
# Start Xvfb.
MCOOKIE=$(mcookie)
XAUTHORITY=$AUTHFILE xauth add ":$SERVERNUM" "$XAUTHPROTO" "$MCOOKIE" \
>>"$ERRORFILE" 2>&1
XAUTHORITY=$AUTHFILE Xvfb ":$SERVERNUM" $XVFBARGS $LISTENTCP >>"$ERRORFILE" \
2>&1 &
XVFBPID=$!
sleep "$STARTWAIT"
if ! kill -0 $XVFBPID 2>/dev/null; then
echo "Xvfb failed to start" >&2
exit 1
fi
# Start the command and save its exit status.
set +e
DISPLAY=:$SERVERNUM XAUTHORITY=$AUTHFILE "$@" 2>&1
RETVAL=$?
set -e
# Kill Xvfb now that the command has exited.
kill $XVFBPID
# Return the executed command's exit status.
exit $RETVAL
# vim:set ai et sts=4 sw=4 tw=80:
就我个人而言，接下来出现了错误
which: no xauth in (/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/root/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/usr/games)
xvfb-run: error: xauth command not found
xauth只需通过安装即可修复此问题yast。