所以我在我的笔记本电脑上安装了 Debian 9，但它一直因为这个恼人的故障而困扰着我。
有时，（例如，每三/四次一次）当我暂停会话并在一段时间后醒来时，无论我如何尝试，wifi都无法工作。我通常依赖于nmcli连接到网络，并nmcli dev wifi list返回一个空列表。起初我认为这可能是一个问题，nmcli因为 wifi 上有一个众所周知的错误，在暂停后无法工作，但通过重新启动 NetworkManagersystemd并没有解决问题，就像在其他情况下一样。所以我诉诸于普通的旧方法wpa_supplicant，但运气不佳。wpa_cli给出这个输出
wpa_cli v2.4
Copyright (c) 2004-2015, Jouni Malinen <[email protected]> and contributors
This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license.
See README for more details.
Interactive mode
Could not connect to wpa_supplicant: (nil) - re-trying
看来这次 NetworkManager 不是罪魁祸首。lshw将设备标记为DISABLED
*-network DISABLED
description: Wireless interface
product: RTL8723AE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter
vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0
logical name: wlp5s0
version: 00
serial: d2:95:44:e0:af:6e
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rtl8723ae driverversion=4.9.0-4-amd64 firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
resources: irq:17 ioport:c000(size=256) memory:f7800000-f7803fff
虽然rfkill说不是
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
4: hci0: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
ip link说界面是DOWN，我无法设置它
3: wlp5s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether d2:95:44:e0:af:6e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
这是以下的输出iwconfig：
wlp5s0 IEEE 802.11 ESSID:off/any
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=20 dBm
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr=2347 B Fragment thr:off
Encryption key:off
Power Management:off
以下是系统日志中的一些相关日志：
Dec 30 22:21:25 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668883.2236] device (wlp5s0):
set-hw-addr: set MAC address to 0E:21:14:A7:BA:04 (scanning)
Dec 30 22:21:25 null NetworkManager[540]: <warn> [1514668883.2942] device (wlp5s0):
device not up after timeout!
Dec 30 22:21:25 null NetworkManager[540]: <warn> [1514668883.2951] sup-iface[0x7fcb
2c004ab0,wlp5s0]: connection disconnected (reason -3)
Dec 30 22:21:25 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668883.2952] device (wlp5s0):
supplicant interface state: completed -> disconnected
Dec 30 22:21:26 null NetworkManager[540]: <warn> [1514668883.2981] sup-iface[0x7fcb
2c004ab0,wlp5s0]: connection disconnected (reason -3)
Dec 30 22:21:26 null wpa_supplicant[591]: nl80211: deinit ifname=wlp5s0 disabled_11b
_rates=0
Dec 30 22:21:26 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668883.2982] device (wlp5s0):
supplicant interface state: disconnected -> disabled
Dec 30 22:21:26 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668883.2986] device (wlp5s0):
state change: disconnected -> unmanaged (reason 'sleeping') [30 10 37]
Dec 30 22:21:26 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668883.2988] device (wlp5s0):
set-hw-addr: reset MAC address to 54:27:1E:9D:59:F0 (unmanage)
[...]
Dec 30 22:21:28 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668888.0173] manager: wake re
quested (sleeping: yes enabled: yes)
Dec 30 22:21:28 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668888.0174] manager: waking
up...
Dec 30 22:21:28 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668888.0174] device (enp4s0):
state change: unmanaged -> unavailable (reason 'managed') [10 20 2]
Dec 30 22:21:28 null kernel: [22510.411179] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp4s0: link
is not ready
Dec 30 22:21:28 null kernel: [22510.411746] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp4s0: link
is not ready
Dec 30 22:21:28 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668888.0199] device (wlp5s0):
state change: unmanaged -> unavailable (reason 'managed') [10 20 2]
Dec 30 22:21:28 null kernel: [22510.413409] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlp5s0: link
is not ready
[...]
Dec 30 22:21:28 null NetworkManager[540]: <warn> [1514668888.0917] device (wlp5s0): device not up after timeout!
Dec 30 22:21:28 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668888.0920] device (wlp5s0): set-hw-addr: set MAC address to 0E:21:14:A7:BA:04 (scanning)
Dec 30 22:21:28 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668888.0925] manager: NetworkManager state is now DISCONNECTED
Dec 30 22:21:28 null wpa_supplicant[591]: Could not set interface wlp5s0 flags (UP): Resource temporarily unavailable
Dec 30 22:21:28 null wpa_supplicant[591]: nl80211: Could not set interface 'wlp5s0'
UP
Dec 30 22:21:28 null wpa_supplicant[591]: nl80211: deinit ifname=wlp5s0 disabled_11b_rates=0
Dec 30 22:21:28 null wpa_supplicant[591]: Could not set interface wlp5s0 flags (UP): Resource temporarily unavailable
Dec 30 22:21:28 null wpa_supplicant[591]: WEXT: Could not set interface 'wlp5s0' UP
Dec 30 22:21:28 null wpa_supplicant[591]: wlp5s0: Failed to initialize driver interface
Dec 30 22:21:29 null NetworkManager[540]: <error> [1514668889.4298] sup-iface[0x5563737e3020,wlp5s0]: error adding interface: wpa_supplicant couldn't grab this interface.
==============================[^ repeats 5 more times]==============================
Dec 30 22:22:20 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668940.1438] device (wlp5s0): supplicant interface state: starting -> down
Dec 30 22:22:20 null NetworkManager[540]: <info> [1514668940.1438] device (wlp5s0): supplicant interface keeps failing, giving up
我通常只需重新启动即可解决此问题。然而，有时（比如这次）即使重新启动也无法解决问题。而且，wifi设备将完全消失（rfkill不列出，不登录dmesg）。即使我尝试重新启动 2-3 次，问题仍然存在。然后我需要做一个难的关闭电源，完全拔掉电源，等待大约 10-30 秒，让电路放电。当我再次启动时，一切都恢复正常。我开始认为这可能与硬件中的某些损坏状态有关，只有当电路耗尽时才会消失，从而忘记损坏状态，但我从未在同一台计算机上遇到过这种行为。可能它已经过时了，但同样，其他操作系统在这方面工作得很好。
我想上面会有一些完全不相关且无用的信息，但由于我无法一致地重现该问题，我想我会收集所有我认为可以提供有关正在发生的事情的线索的数据。
预先非常感谢您的帮助和耐心，如果需要，请索取更多信息。一旦错误再次出现，我会尽力提供它，这通常比我希望的要早。