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SED 命令注释除与模式匹配的行之外的所有行

tag-icon • tag-icon text-processing sed grep hp-ux
SED 命令注释除与模式匹配的行之外的所有行

我有以下cron.txt文件

58 18 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP CXC BS TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
00 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh DSC DXC BUS TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP HP SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
03 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh DSC CXC SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
32 10 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh Check CXC OD TODAY MGLA 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
32 12 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh Sca CXC OD TODAY all "01 03 05 07 08 10 12 17 18 19 31 32 33 37 42 50 53 55 57 84 89 93" 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP HK SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP RAM SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP SAB SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null

我需要#在所有没有模式CXC或HP其中没有模式的行的开头进行注释（添加）。

我试过

grep -iwvE "CXC|HP" cron.txt | sed 's/^/#/g' > cron.txt_bkp

它没有按预期工作。

答案1

假设您的实现grep同时支持-w和-E标志，您的grep和sed管道只会提取并注释掉不包含HP或 的行CXC。原本要保留的行将不会转移到新文件中。

自从惠普-UXsed似乎不支持|正则表达式中的更改，这意味着这/CXC|HP/!s/^/# /不起作用，您可以将类似的内容应用于文件：

sed -e '/CXC/b' -e '/HP/b' -e 's/^/# /' crontab.txt >crontab-new.txt

如果在当前行找到该模式，该b命令将分支到编辑脚本的末尾。sed它在这里充当“打印行并继续下一行”命令。

如果前两个表达式均未执行，则该行将被最后一个表达式注释掉。

上面创建的文件crontab-new.txt将包含问题中示例的以下内容：

58 18 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP CXC BS TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
# 00 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh DSC DXC BUS TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP HP SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
03 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh DSC CXC SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
32 10 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh Check CXC OD TODAY MGLA 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
32 12 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh Sca CXC OD TODAY all "01 03 05 07 08 10 12 17 18 19 31 32 33 37 42 50 53 55 57 84 89 93" 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
# 01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP HK SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
# 01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP RAM SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
# 01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP SAB SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null

答案2

awk 的解决方案：

awk '!/CXC|HP/{$0="#" $0}1' cron.txt > cron.txt_bkp

答案3

我使用下面的 sed 命令来实现相同的目的

cron.txt

58 18 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP CXC BS TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
00 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh DSC DXC BUS TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP HP SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
03 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh DSC CXC SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
32 10 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh Check CXC OD TODAY MGLA 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
32 12 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh Sca CXC OD TODAY all "01 03 05 07 08 10 12 17 18 19 31 32 33 37 42 50 53 55 57 84 89 93" 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP HK SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP RAM SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP SAB SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null

命令

sed '/HP/!s/^/#/g' cron.txt | sed '/CXC/s/^#//g' >cron.txt_bkp

输出

58 18 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP CXC BS TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
#00 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh DSC DXC BUS TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP HP SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
03 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh DSC CXC SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
32 10 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh Check CXC OD TODAY MGLA 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
32 12 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh Sca CXC OD TODAY all "01 03 05 07 08 10 12 17 18 19 31 32 33 37 42 50 53 55 57 84 89 93" 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
#01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP HK SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
#01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP RAM SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null
#01 19 * * 1-5 /usr/home/script.sh REP SAB SNT TODAY all 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null

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