我使用华硕 M4A78/EM/1394 主板，配备 AMD 四核 CPU。主板有板载 5.1 声卡。我还有一个 Sound Blaster Audigy PCI 声卡。系统在两个单独的分区中安装了 Windows 7 和 Ubuntu Linux 10.4。
Sound Blaster 连接到 5.1 扬声器，而内部声音设备则连接到我将耳机连接到的前面板音频插孔。
当我启动 Windows 7 时，控制面板允许我自由地将两者中的任意一个设置为我的默认音频设备，具体取决于我是否需要使用耳机或 5.1 扬声器系统。扬声器的声音质量可能不如 SB 5.1 的质量，但可以接受。
两台设备（在 Windows 下）安装的硬件和软件均正常。
这个问题只在我启动最近安装的 Linux 时出现。此时 SB 卡可以正常工作，但我无法通过板载声卡获得任何声音输出。
我曾广泛使用过 Windows 和 Unix，但对 Linux 还是个新手，如果能帮助我让板载声卡正常工作，我将不胜感激。我查阅了网上的一些可用信息/提示。这些要求我以交互方式运行一些命令；这些诊断测试的输出已附加（如果有任何帮助）。如果需要更多信息，我将非常乐意提供。
该命令以粗体显示，后面是输出。
播放-l
// this is the List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices
card 0: SB [HDA ATI SB], device 0: ALC887 Analog [ALC887 Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: SB [HDA ATI SB], device 1: ALC887 Digital [ALC887 Digital]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: CA0106 [CA0106], device 0: ca0106 [CA0106]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: CA0106 [CA0106], device 1: ca0106 [CA0106]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: CA0106 [CA0106], device 2: ca0106 [CA0106]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: CA0106 [CA0106], device 3: ca0106 [CA0106]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 3: ATI HDMI [ATI HDMI]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
lspci-v
00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 Host Bridge
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 82f1
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0
Capabilities: <access denied>
00:01.0 PCI bridge: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. RS880 PCI to PCI bridge (int gfx)
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64
Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=64
I/O behind bridge: 0000c000-0000cfff
Memory behind bridge: fbb00000-fbcfffff
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000d0000000-00000000dfffffff
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:07.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 3)
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0
Memory behind bridge: fbd00000-fbdfffff
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:0a.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] RS780 PCI to PCI bridge (PCIE port 5)
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 0000d000-0000dfff
Memory behind bridge: fbe00000-fbefffff
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:11.0 SATA controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 SATA Controller [IDE mode] (prog-if 01)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 28
I/O ports at b000 [size=8]
I/O ports at a000 [size=4]
I/O ports at 9000 [size=8]
I/O ports at 8000 [size=4]
I/O ports at 7000 [size=16]
Memory at fbaffc00 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:12.0 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB OHCI0 Controller (prog-if 10)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 16
Memory at fbafe000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd
00:12.1 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700 USB OHCI1 Controller (prog-if 10)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 16
Memory at fbafd000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd
00:12.2 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB EHCI Controller (prog-if 20)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 17
Memory at fbaff800 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd
00:13.0 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB OHCI0 Controller (prog-if 10)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 18
Memory at fbafc000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd
00:13.1 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700 USB OHCI1 Controller (prog-if 10)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 18
Memory at fbafb000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd
00:13.2 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB EHCI Controller (prog-if 20)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 19
Memory at fbaff400 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd
00:14.0 SMBus: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 SMBus Controller (rev 3c)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: 66MHz, medium devsel
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel modules: i2c-piix4
00:14.1 IDE interface: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 IDE Controller (prog-if 8a [Master SecP PriP])
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 16
I/O ports at 01f0 [size=8]
I/O ports at 03f4 [size=1]
I/O ports at 0170 [size=8]
I/O ports at 0374 [size=1]
I/O ports at ff00 [size=16]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: pata_atiixp
Kernel modules: pata_atiixp
00:14.2 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 837b
Flags: bus master, slow devsel, latency 64, IRQ 16
Memory at fbaf4000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel
Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel
00:14.3 ISA bridge: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 LPC host controller
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0
00:14.4 PCI bridge: ATI Technologies Inc SBx00 PCI to PCI Bridge (prog-if 01)
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64
Bus: primary=00, secondary=04, subordinate=04, sec-latency=64
I/O behind bridge: 0000e000-0000efff
Memory behind bridge: fbf00000-fbffffff
00:14.5 USB Controller: ATI Technologies Inc SB700/SB800 USB OHCI2 Controller (prog-if 10)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8389
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 18
Memory at fbafa000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Kernel driver in use: ohci_hcd
00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] HyperTransport Configuration
Flags: fast devsel
Capabilities: <access denied>
00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Address Map
Flags: fast devsel
00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] DRAM Controller
Flags: fast devsel
00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Miscellaneous Control
Flags: fast devsel
Capabilities: <access denied>
00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Link Control
Flags: fast devsel
01:05.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc Radeon HD 3200 Graphics
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 82f1
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18
Memory at d0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
I/O ports at c000 [size=256]
Memory at fbcf0000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Memory at fbb00000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: radeon
Kernel modules: radeon
01:05.1 Audio device: ATI Technologies Inc RS780 Azalia controller
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 82f1
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 19
Memory at fbce8000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: HDA Intel
Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel
02:00.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): JMicron Technology Corp. IEEE 1394 Host Controller (prog-if 10)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8313
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 19
Memory at fbdff800 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K]
Memory at fbdff400 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128]
Memory at fbdff000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128]
Memory at fbdfec00 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: ohci1394
Kernel modules: firewire-ohci, ohci1394
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 01)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8385
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 27
I/O ports at d800 [size=256]
Memory at fbeff000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Expansion ROM at fbec0000 [disabled] [size=128K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169
04:06.0 Multimedia audio controller: Creative Labs CA0106 Soundblaster
Subsystem: Creative Labs Device 1004
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 64, IRQ 20
I/O ports at ec00 [size=32]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: CA0106
Kernel modules: snd-ca0106
04:07.0 Communication controller: Conexant Systems, Inc. HSF 56k HSFi Modem (rev 01)
Subsystem: Conexant Systems, Inc. Device 2004
Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 10
Memory at fbff0000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
I/O ports at a880 [size=8]
Capabilities: <access denied>
播放-L
pulse
Playback/recording through the PulseAudio sound server
front:CARD=SB,DEV=0
HDA ATI SB, ALC887 Analog
Front speakers
surround40:CARD=SB,DEV=0
HDA ATI SB, ALC887 Analog
4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=SB,DEV=0
HDA ATI SB, ALC887 Analog
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=SB,DEV=0
HDA ATI SB, ALC887 Analog
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=SB,DEV=0
HDA ATI SB, ALC887 Analog
5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=SB,DEV=0
HDA ATI SB, ALC887 Analog
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
iec958:CARD=SB,DEV=0
HDA ATI SB, ALC887 Digital
IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output
front:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
Front speakers
rear:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
Rear speakers
center_lfe:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
Center and Subwoofer speakers
side:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
Side speakers
surround40:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
iec958:CARD=CA0106,DEV=0
CA0106, CA0106
IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=HDMI
HDA ATI HDMI, ATI HDMI
HDMI Audio Output