我正在尝试使用“userCertificate”属性来保存“der”文件。我可以愉快地使用 ldif 添加我的证书:
dn: cn=bob,ou=users,dc=home
更改类型:修改
添加:userCertificate;binary
userCertificate;binary:< file:///home/bob/cert.der
当我进行 ldapsearch 时,我看到我的证书采用 Base64 编码,一切似乎都很好。但是当我尝试使用 ldapcompare 时:
ldapcompare -D"cn=admin,dc=home" -W "cn=bob,ou=users,dc=home" "userCertificate;binary:< file:///home/bob/cert.der"
我收到错误:
比较结果:语法无效 (21)
附加信息:无法规范化匹配
UNDEFINED的值
如果我尝试使用 base64 编码进行比较,我会得到相同的错误
ldapcompare -D"cn=admin,dc=home" -W "cn=bob,ou=users,dc=home" "userCertificate::base64encodedStringOfStuff"
有任何想法吗?
答案1
我刚刚收到此错误:ldap_modify:未定义的属性类型(17)附加信息:usercertificate:需要;二进制传输。
此错误消息非常清楚地指的是RFC 4523,第 2.1 节。你总是需要附加;binary
到属性名称用户证书。
ldap_msgfree ldap_err2string 比较结果:语法无效 (21) 附加信息:无法规范化匹配 UNDEFINED 的值
使用比较操作时,您必须查看哪个平等匹配规则可用于断言属性。
在子模式中用户证书声明为EQUALITY certificateExactMatch
(请参阅RFC 4523 第 2.5 节)这意味着该属性没有可用的纯八位字节字符串匹配。
因此,您需要从证书中提取十进制序列号和颁发者 DN(LDAP 字符串表示形式):
$ openssl x509 -noout -nameopt rfc2253 -serial -issuer -inform der -in ~/certs/[email protected]
serial=0F560E
issuer=CN=StartCom Class 1 Primary Intermediate Client CA,OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing,O=StartCom Ltd.,C=IL
将十六进制序列转换为十进制,即1005070
并调用LDAP比较像这样:
ldapcompare "cn=Michael Strö[email protected],dc=stroeder,dc=de" 'userCertificate;binary:{ serialNumber 1005070, issuer "cn=StartCom Class 1 Primary Intermediate Client CA,ou=Secure Digital Certificate Signing,o=StartCom Ltd.,c=IL"}'
TRUE
补充笔记:
- 请注意,DN 是复杂的野兽,需要在 shell 命令行上对特殊字符进行转义。因此,我会使用脚本语言来完成此任务,以避免一些麻烦。
- 与修改操作和属性检索相反,您不需要
;binary
比较操作的传输类型。但使用 OpenLDAP 也不会造成伤害。不确定其他 LDAP 服务器实现。
答案2
请注意,我有一个 PEM 编码的证书,而不是 DER 编码的证书。您可以使用openssl
PEM 来转换/显示 DER:
openssl x509 -in /home/bob/cert.der -inform DER
此命令将以 PEM 格式显示您的证书。像这样的东西:
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
我删除了顶部和底部的线,只是为了获得 Base64 编码的部分。并且,我执行了以下命令将其加载到usercertificate
属性中:
$ ldapmodify -x -h my.ldap.server -Dcn=ADMIN_DN -W
Enter LDAP Password:
dn: uid=testuser,ou=users,o=foo.com
changetype: modify
replace: usercertificate
usercertificate:: MIIDxTCCAq2gAwIBAgIQAqxcJmoLQJuPC3nyrkYldzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBsMQswCQYDVQQG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 entry "uid=testuser,ou=users,o=foo.com"
$
请注意每个 Base64 编码行前面的前导单个空格。它是 LDIF 中的连续标记。而且,当我使用 搜索时ldapsearch
,我看到:
$ ldapsearch -LLL -x -h my.ldap.server -Dcn=ADMIN_DN -W -b ou=users,o=foo.com uid=testuser usercertificate
Enter LDAP Password:
dn: uid=testuser,ou=users,o=foo.com
userCertificate;binary:: MIIDxTCCAq2gAwIBAgIQAqxcJmoLQJuPC3nyrkYldzANBgkqhkiG9
w0BAQUFADBsMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3d3
cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSswKQYDVQQDEyJEaWdpQ2VydCBIaWdoIEFzc3VyYW5jZSBFViBSb290IEN
BMB4XDTA2MTExMDAwMDAwMFoXDTMxMTExMDAwMDAwMFowbDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoT
DERpZ2lDZXJ0IEluYzEZMBcGA1UECxMQd3d3LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbTErMCkGA1UEAxMiRGlnaUNlc
nQgSGlnaCBBc3N1cmFuY2UgRVYgUm9vdCBDQTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCgg
EBAMbM5XPm+9S75S0tMqbf5YE/yc0lSbZxKsPVlDRnogocsF9ppkCxxLeyj9CYpKlBWTrT3JTWPNt
0OKRKzE0lgvdKpVMSOO7zSW1xkX5jtqumX8OkhPhPYlG++MXs2ziS4wblCJEMxChBVfvLWokVfnHo
Nb9Ncgk9vjo4UFt3MRuNs8ckRZqnrG0AFFoEt7oT61EKmEFBIk5lYYeBQVCmeVyJ3hlKV9Uu5l0cU
yx+mM0aBhakaHPQNAQTXKFx01p8VdteZOE3hzBWBOURtCmAEvF5OYiiAhF8J2a3iLd48soKqDirCm
TCv2ZdlYTBoSUeh10aUAsgEsxBu24LUTi4S8sCAwEAAaNjMGEwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMA8GA1U
dEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wHQYDVR0OBBYEFLE+w2kD+L9HAdSYJhoIAu9jZCvDMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFLE+
w2kD+L9HAdSYJhoIAu9jZCvDMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQAcGgaX3NecnzyIZgYIVyHbIUf4K
meqvxgydkAQV8GK83rZEWWONfqe/EW1ntlMMUu4kehDLI6zeM7b41N5cdblIZQB2lWHmiRk9opmzN
6cN82oNLFpmyPInngiK3BD41VHMWEZ71jFhS9OMPagMRYjyOfiZRYzy78aG6A9+MpeizGLYAiJLQw
GXFK3xPkKmNEVX58Svnw2Yzi9RKR/5CYrCsSXaQ3pjOLAEFe4yHYSkVXySGnYvCoCWw9E1CAx2/S6
cCZdkGCevEsXCS+0yx5DaMkHJ8HSXPfqIbloEpw8nL+e/IBcm2PN7EeqJSdnoDfzAIJ9VNep+OkuE
6N36B9K
$
我从来没有让它< file:
与 DER 或 PEM 文件(没有CERTIFICATE
标记)的指令一起工作。我会做更多调查,看看缺少什么。但是,如果将多行 Base64 编码的证书(PEM 格式)减少为单行,则可以进行比较:
$ ldapcompare -x -Dcn=ADMIN_DN -W -h my.ldap.server uid=testuser,ou=users,o=foo.com 'usercertificate::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'
Enter LDAP Password:
TRUE
$
如果/当我可以让它与该< file:
指令一起工作时,我会更新它。