我正在将 Arch Linux 与 alsa、pulseaudio、pavucontrol、jack 等一起使用。我想同时录制麦克风和吉他的声音，无论我的音量有多低。有几篇文章介绍了如何创建一个虚拟的脉冲音频接收器，其中两个通道链接到一个通道上的后麦克风，另一个通道上的线路输入并连接到显示器或连接插孔接收器，但在我当前的设置中没有任何意义。
我的default.pa文件是
#!/usr/bin/pulseaudio -nF
#
# This file is part of PulseAudio.
#
# PulseAudio is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# PulseAudio is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
# General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
# along with PulseAudio; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
# This startup script is used only if PulseAudio is started per-user
# (i.e. not in system mode)
.fail
### Automatically restore the volume of streams and devices
load-module module-device-restore
load-module module-stream-restore
load-module module-card-restore
### Automatically augment property information from .desktop files
### stored in /usr/share/application
load-module module-augment-properties
### Should be after module-*-restore but before module-*-detect
load-module module-switch-on-port-available
### Load audio drivers statically
### (it's probably better to not load these drivers manually, but instead
### use module-udev-detect -- see below -- for doing this automatically)
#load-module module-alsa-sink
#load-module module-alsa-source device=hw:1,0
#load-module module-oss device="/dev/dsp" sink_name=output source_name=input
#load-module module-oss-mmap device="/dev/dsp" sink_name=output source_name=input
#load-module module-null-sink
#load-module module-pipe-sink
### Automatically load driver modules depending on the hardware available
.ifexists module-udev-detect.so
load-module module-udev-detect
.else
### Use the static hardware detection module (for systems that lack udev support)
load-module module-detect
.endif
### Automatically connect sink and source if JACK server is present
.ifexists module-jackdbus-detect.so
.nofail
load-module module-jackdbus-detect channels=2
.fail
.endif
### Automatically load driver modules for Bluetooth hardware
.ifexists module-bluetooth-policy.so
load-module module-bluetooth-policy
.endif
.ifexists module-bluetooth-discover.so
load-module module-bluetooth-discover
.endif
### Load several protocols
.ifexists module-esound-protocol-unix.so
load-module module-esound-protocol-unix
.endif
load-module module-native-protocol-unix
### Network access (may be configured with paprefs, so leave this commented
### here if you plan to use paprefs)
#load-module module-esound-protocol-tcp
#load-module module-native-protocol-tcp
#load-module module-zeroconf-publish
### Load the RTP receiver module (also configured via paprefs, see above)
#load-module module-rtp-recv
### Load the RTP sender module (also configured via paprefs, see above)
#load-module module-null-sink sink_name=rtp format=s16be channels=2 rate=44100 sink_properties="device.description='RTP Multicast Sink'"
#load-module module-rtp-send source=rtp.monitor
### Load additional modules from GConf settings. This can be configured with the paprefs tool.
### Please keep in mind that the modules configured by paprefs might conflict with manually
### loaded modules.
.ifexists module-gconf.so
.nofail
load-module module-gconf
.fail
.endif
### Automatically restore the default sink/source when changed by the user
### during runtime
### NOTE: This should be loaded as early as possible so that subsequent modules
### that look up the default sink/source get the right value
load-module module-default-device-restore
### Automatically move streams to the default sink if the sink they are
### connected to dies, similar for sources
load-module module-rescue-streams
### Make sure we always have a sink around, even if it is a null sink.
load-module module-always-sink
### Honour intended role device property
load-module module-intended-roles
### Automatically suspend sinks/sources that become idle for too long
load-module module-suspend-on-idle
### If autoexit on idle is enabled we want to make sure we only quit
### when no local session needs us anymore.
.ifexists module-console-kit.so
load-module module-console-kit
.endif
.ifexists module-systemd-login.so
load-module module-systemd-login
.endif
### Enable positioned event sounds
load-module module-position-event-sounds
### Cork music/video streams when a phone stream is active
load-module module-role-cork
### Modules to allow autoloading of filters (such as echo cancellation)
### on demand. module-filter-heuristics tries to determine what filters
### make sense, and module-filter-apply does the heavy-lifting of
### loading modules and rerouting streams.
load-module module-filter-heuristics
load-module module-filter-apply
### Make some devices default
#set-default-sink output
#set-default-source input
例如，我发现这个 bash 脚本可以完成第一个任务：
#!/bin/bash
# Script to map two pulseaudio hardware input sources as mono inputs
# to left and right channel of a new loopback-sink respectively. This
# sink can be used e.g. to use VoIP or record two microphones seperately.
# Copyright (C) 2013, Henning Hollermann, [email protected]
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
do_activate() {
while [ "x" = "x$LEFT" ]; do
echo "Choose Source for left channel by ID"
pactl list short sources
read ID
LEFT=$(pactl list short sources|awk '/^'$ID'/{print $2}')
done
while [ "x" = "x$RIGHT" ]; do
echo "Choose Source for right channel by ID"
pactl list shrot sources | grep -v $LEFT
read ID
RIGHT=$(pactl list short sources | grep -v $LEFT|awk '/^'$ID'/{print $2}')
done
# Create the name of the Combined sink
NAME="Combined_Mics:_Left:_"$(echo $LEFT|awk -F'.' '$0=$2')"_Right:_"$(echo $RIGHT|awk
-F'.' '$0=$2')
echo "[LOAD] null sink as \"$NAME\" to connect the two mics to"
pactl load-module module-null-sink \
sink_name=combined channels=2 \
sink_properties="device.description=$NAME"
echo "[LOAD] map source 1 ($LEFT) to left channel of \"$NAME\""
pactl load-module module-remap-source \
source_name=${LEFT}_left_channel master=$LEFT channels=2 \
master_channel_map=mono,mono channel_map=left,left
pactl load-module module-loopback sink=combined source=${LEFT}_left_channel
echo "[LOAD] map source 2 ($RIGHT) to right channel of \"$NAME\""
pactl load-module module-remap-source \
source_name=${RIGHT}_right_channel master=$RIGHT channels=2 \
master_channel_map=mono,mono channel_map=right,right
pactl load-module module-loopback sink=combined source=${RIGHT}_right_channel
echo "[DONE] Now adjust the left and right channel volume of the new sink to be equally
loud"
}
do_deactivate() {
echo "[UNLOAD] pulseaudio modules..."
echo "[UNLOAD] module-loopback"
pactl unload-module module-loopback
echo "[UNLOAD] module-remap-source"
pactl unload-module module-remap-source
echo "[UNLOAD] module-null-sink"
pactl unload-module module-null-sink
}
init() {
for exe in /usr/bin/pulseaudio /usr/bin/pactl; do
if [ ! -x "$exe" ]; then
echo "[ERROR] required file $exe not found or not executable"
exit 1
fi
done
[ ! -x /usr/bin/pavucontrol ] && echo "[NOTICE] pavucontrol might be very useful."
}
# MAIN
init;
case $1 in
activate|enable|start)
do_activate;;
deactivate|disable|stop)
do_deactivate;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 [enable|disable]";;
esac;
但这是在脚本中：
$ pactl list short sources
0 alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor module-alsa- card.c s16le 2ch 44100Hz RUNNING
1 alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo module-alsa-card.c s16le 2ch 44100Hz RUNNING
但我需要的是这样的：
$ pactl list sources|grep input
Name: alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo
analog-input-front-mic: Front Microphone (priority: 8500, not available)
analog-input-rear-mic: Rear Microphone (priority: 8200, not available)
analog-input-linein: En línea (priority: 8100, not available)
Puerto Activo: analog-input-front-mic
它们不是设备而是端口。 arecord 的输出是
$ arecord -l
**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 0: VT1708B 8-Ch Analog [VT1708B 8-Ch Analog]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
那么，我如何通过 alsa 或pulseaudio 访问这些端口？或者甚至应该是一个更直接的解决方案，例如：
$ arecord 1 channel1.wav&arecord 2 channel2.wav
答案1
您的声卡只有一个捕获设备。这意味着您一次只能从一个端口进行录制。
我使用 CM108 USB 声卡和我的内置声卡同时录音，没有任何问题。