因此，我最近移动了 Linux 交换分区，并调整了硬盘上 Parrot 安装的根分区的大小，以增加可用空间。使用 GParted 应用编辑后，我无法使用图形界面启动。相反，初始化后屏幕会变黑，左上角有一个闪烁的光标。据我推测，这与 GRUB 中的错误有关。在过去的两周里，我研究了如何处理这个问题的各种选择，但没有找到解决方案。使用 Ctrl+Alt+F1 获得 shell 后，我使用 apt-get、grub 和 initramfs 运行更新脚本。还可能存在与数组分段有关的错误。长话短说，我还遇到了连接 CDROM 驱动器的一根 SATA 电缆出现故障的情况。替换后，ata1: error:消息不再出现，但按照各种来源的建议mdadm: No arrays found in config file or automatically运行后bootinfoscript，问题仍然存在。我在这里不知所措，因为我尝试了各种想法但没有看到结果。
以下是解决该问题的一些资源：
bootinfoscript:
Boot Info Script 0.76 [13 April 2017]
Identifying MBRs...
Computing Partition Table of /dev/sda...
Searching sda1 for information...
Searching sda2 for information...
Searching sda4 for information...
Boot Info Script 0.76 [13 April 2017]
============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================
=> Grub2 (v2.00) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
for (,msdos1)/boot/grub. It also embeds following components:
modules
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
fshelp ext2 part_msdos biosdisk
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Parrot GNU/Linux 4.0
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab
/boot/grub/i386-pc/core.img
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: swap
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda4: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System:
Boot files:
============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================
Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2,048 697,952,255 697,950,208 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 697,952,256 697,972,735 20,480 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 1,748,725,760 1,953,525,167 204,799,408 83 Linux
"blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/sda1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ext4
/dev/sda2 bff285cd-4db4-4ad7-8656-e86cf811808e swap
/dev/sda4 8583fa2e-35fe-4064-a277-201e72982afc ext4
========================= "ls -l /dev/disk/by-id" output: ======================
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jun 3 01:37 ata-ASUS_DRW-24F1ST_a_S10K68EF300420 -> ../../sr0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jun 3 01:37 ata-TOSHIBA_DT01ACA100_Y3GYH74NS -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 ata-TOSHIBA_DT01ACA100_Y3GYH74NS-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 ata-TOSHIBA_DT01ACA100_Y3GYH74NS-part2 -> ../../sda2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 ata-TOSHIBA_DT01ACA100_Y3GYH74NS-part4 -> ../../sda4
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Jun 3 01:37 wwn-0x5000039ff7cd67ef -> ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 wwn-0x5000039ff7cd67ef-part1 -> ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 wwn-0x5000039ff7cd67ef-part2 -> ../../sda2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Jun 3 01:37 wwn-0x5000039ff7cd67ef-part4 -> ../../sda4
================================ Mount points: =================================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
/dev/sda1 / ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)
/dev/sda1 /var/lib/docker/overlay2 ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)
/dev/sda1 /var/lib/docker/plugins ext4 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)
=========================== sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
set have_grubenv=true
load_env
fi
if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
set default="${next_entry}"
set next_entry=
save_env next_entry
set boot_once=true
else
set default="0"
fi
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
menuentry_id_option=""
fi
export menuentry_id_option
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
}
if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
fi
font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi
if loadfont $font ; then
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
set lang=C
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then
set timeout=30
else
if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then
set timeout_style=menu
set timeout=5
# Fallback normal timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is
# unavailable.
else
set timeout=5
fi
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
fi
insmod png
if background_image /usr/share/desktop-base/parrot-theme/grub/grub-4x3.png; then
true
else
set menu_color_normal=cyan/blue
set menu_color_highlight=white/blue
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
function gfxmode {
set gfxpayload="${1}"
}
set linux_gfx_mode=
export linux_gfx_mode
menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' {
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro noautomount quiet
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Parrot GNU/Linux' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' {
menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64-advanced-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' {
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro noautomount quiet
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64
}
menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64-recovery-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' {
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro single noautomount
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64
}
menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.16.0-parrot5-amd64' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64-advanced-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' {
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro noautomount quiet
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64
}
menuentry 'Parrot GNU/Linux, with Linux 4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 (recovery mode)' --class parrot --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64-recovery-b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364' {
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 root=UUID=b7ff9eea-13c4-4b30-8104-b41cc3258364 ro single noautomount
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64
}
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=============================== sda1/etc/fstab: ================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
/dev/sda1 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=================== sda1: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
187.522518158 = 201.350770688 boot/grub/grub.cfg 3
4.466430664 = 4.795793408 boot/grub/i386-pc/core.img 1
190.794677734 = 204.864225280 boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 1
116.404052734 = 124.987899904 boot/vmlinuz-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 1
190.794677734 = 204.864225280 vmlinuz 1
116.404052734 = 124.987899904 vmlinuz.old 1
7.262573242 = 7.798128640 boot/initrd.img-4.12.0-parrot6-amd64.old-dkms 3
131.342136383 = 141.027545088 boot/initrd.img-4.13.0-parrot4-amd64.dpkg-bak 2
185.904907227 = 199.613874176 boot/initrd.img-4.13.0-parrot4-amd64.old-dkms 1
19.698547363 = 21.151154176 boot/initrd.img-4.14.0-parrot13-amd64.old-dkms 5
55.503704071 = 59.596648448 boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-parrot17-amd64.old-dkms 1
91.322883606 = 98.057199616 boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot12-amd64 2
85.414760590 = 91.713400832 boot/initrd.img-4.16.0-parrot5-amd64 4
91.322883606 = 98.057199616 initrd.img 2
85.414760590 = 91.713400832 initrd.img.old 4
=============================== StdErr Messages: ===============================
mdadm: No arrays found in config file or automatically
答案1
** 使用 GParted 应用编辑后，我无法使用图形界面启动。相反，初始化后屏幕会变黑，左上角有一个闪烁的光标。 **
我有类似的问题，但不完全相同，您可能想尝试这个：[修复 grub 启动后的黑屏（屏幕/视频设置不匹配）]