Seagate Barracuda 500GB 硬盘最近（几周前）进行了固件升级。（从 CC38 升级到 CC49 固件版本）上周该地区还经历了雷暴（包括几次停电）两天前硬盘性能急剧下降 - 连续读取的吞吐量约为 800KB/s。我尝试过更换 SATA 端口，启动不同的操作系统，目前正在使用另一台 PC 备份硬盘数据。它似乎可以正确读取数据，尽管速度慢得令人难以置信。SMART 工具报告测试通过：
smartctl 5.43 2012-06-30 r3573 [x86_64-linux-3.8.0-rc3] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-12 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.12
Device Model: ST3500418AS
Serial Number: 9VMN4Z6D
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 027447858
Firmware Version: CC49
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Sun Jan 13 23:32:57 2013 IST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 600) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 84) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 109 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 22542089
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 098 097 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 097 097 020 Old_age Always - 3565
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 051 051 036 Pre-fail Always - 2013
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 081 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 165327293
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 090 090 000 Old_age Always - 8967
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 020 Old_age Always - 1760
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 099 000 Old_age Always - 8590065677
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 061 051 045 Old_age Always - 39 (Min/Max 29/41)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 039 049 000 Old_age Always - 39 (0 17 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 040 023 000 Old_age Always - 22542089
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 13232794252195
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 1062670152
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 2187342803
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 8934 -
# 2 Conveyance offline Aborted by host 90% 8891 -
# 3 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 8891 -
# 4 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 8892 -
# 5 Short offline Aborted by host 90% 8891 -
# 6 Short offline Interrupted (host reset) 30% 8874 -
# 7 Extended offline Aborted by host 90% 8873 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
该驱动器似乎需要更换，但我很好奇什么样的损坏会导致这种症状？为什么 SMART 没有报告这种损坏？欢迎任何猜测和建议。
答案1
我唯一能想到的就是突然断电（因此可能出现电压峰值）导致驱动器的一些电子元件出现问题。有时，SMART 无法检测到此类不可预测的故障。
答案2
我在主板上遇到了“HD”问题，HD 的读取会间歇性地锁定。问题在于 USB3 pci-Express 卡上的电容器损坏，我已将其添加到单个 4x PCi Express 总线插槽上。您已将驱动器插入另一台 PC 来备份数据，并且速率受到相同的限制？另一个可能导致这种情况的原因是 BIOS 中的块模式关闭 - 虽然我可能指的是仅适用于 ATA 总线 0_o 的东西