我想texlive按照以下步骤在我的 Fedora 16 笔记本电脑上安装：
# yum remove tex-* texlive-*
# cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/texlive.repo <<EOF
[texlive]
name=texlive
baseurl=http://jnovy.fedorapeople.org/texlive/2012/packages.f17/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF
# yum update;
# yum install texlive
之后yum update，我注意到我的笔记本电脑是 Fedora 16，而我使用2012/packages.fc17/
所以我修改了一下/etc/yum.repos.d/texlive.repo以使用2011/packages.fc16
并yum update再次尝试，但有很多错误
[root@kitty esolve]# yum update
Loaded plugins: auto-update-debuginfo, langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
http://repos.fedorapeople.org/repos/leigh123linux/cinnamon/fedora-16/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found : http://repos.fedorapeople.org/repos/leigh123linux/cinnamon/fedora-16/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Setting up Update Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package dvipng.x86_64 0:1.14-1.fc15 will be obsoleted
---> Package kpathsea.x86_64 0:2007-66.fc16 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: libkpathsea.so.4()(64bit) for package: evince-dvi-3.2.1-2.fc16.x86_64
---> Package mkvtoolnix.x86_64 0:5.8.0-1 will be updated
---> Package mkvtoolnix.x86_64 0:6.3.0-1 will be an update
---> Package nautilus-dropbox.x86_64 0:1.4.0-1.fc10 will be updated
---> Package nautilus-dropbox.x86_64 0:1.6.0-1.fc10 will be an update
---> Package texlive-dvipng-bin.x86_64 2:svn26509.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17 will be obsoleting
--> Processing Dependency: texlive-kpathsea-lib = 2:2012-19.20130317_r29408.fc17 for package: 2:texlive-dvipng-bin-svn26509.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: texlive-base for package: 2:texlive-dvipng-bin-svn26509.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: tex-dvipng for package: 2:texlive-dvipng-bin-svn26509.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpng15.so.15()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-dvipng-bin-svn26509.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libkpathsea.so.6()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-dvipng-bin-svn26509.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17.x86_64
---> Package texlive-kpathsea.noarch 2:svn28792.0-19.fc17 will be obsoleting
--> Processing Dependency: texlive-kpathsea-bin for package: 2:texlive-kpathsea-svn28792.0-19.fc17.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kpathsea.x86_64 0:2007-66.fc16 will be obsoleted
--> Processing Dependency: libkpathsea.so.4()(64bit) for package: evince-dvi-3.2.1-2.fc16.x86_64
---> Package texlive-base.noarch 2:2012-19.20130317_r29408.fc17 will be installed
---> Package texlive-dvipng.noarch 2:svn26689.1.14-19.fc17 will be installed
---> Package texlive-dvipng-bin.x86_64 2:svn26509.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17 will be obsoleting
--> Processing Dependency: libpng15.so.15()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-dvipng-bin-svn26509.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17.x86_64
---> Package texlive-kpathsea-bin.x86_64 2:svn27347.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17 will be installed
---> Package texlive-kpathsea-lib.x86_64 2:2012-19.20130317_r29408.fc17 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: evince-dvi-3.2.1-2.fc16.x86_64 (@fedora)
Requires: libkpathsea.so.4()(64bit)
Removing: kpathsea-2007-66.fc16.x86_64 (@so-updates)
libkpathsea.so.4()(64bit)
Obsoleted By: 2:texlive-kpathsea-svn28792.0-19.fc17.noarch (texlive)
Not found
Error: Package: 2:texlive-dvipng-bin-svn26509.0-19.20130317_r29408.fc17.x86_64 (texlive)
Requires: libpng15.so.15()(64bit)
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
当我这样做时yum install texlive，它只是尝试安装 f17 版本，但失败了。
我该怎么做才能安装 f16 版本？我该如何撤消yum update with 2012/packages.f17/
我尝试了 yum history，对于今天的历史，我只有
Loaded plugins: auto-update-debuginfo, langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
ID | Login user | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
124 | esolve ... <esolve> | 2013-09-12 18:35 | Erase | 24
123 | root <root> | 2013-08-23 11:08 | Update | 1
122 | root <root> | 2013-08-21 14:13 | Update | 1 <
121 | esolve ... <esolve> | 2013-05-31 15:36 | Install | 1 >
120 | root <root> | 2013-05-29 15:13 | Install | 1 <
119 | root <root> | 2013-04-18 13:13 | Update | 1 ><
这似乎与 yum update 无关
结果history：
1003 yum update
1004 vim
1005 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/texlive.repo
1006 yum update
1007 yum install texlive
1008 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/texlive.repo
1009 clear
1010 yum history
1011 yum history list
1012 vim
1013 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/texlive.repo
1014 yum history list
1015 history
我也试过
yum history undo 124
但失败了！
[root@kitty esolve]# yum history undo 124
Loaded plugins: auto-update-debuginfo, langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
http://repos.fedorapeople.org/repos/leigh123linux/cinnamon/fedora-16/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found : http://repos.fedorapeople.org/repos/leigh123linux/cinnamon/fedora-16/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml
Trying other mirror.
Undoing transaction 124, from Thu Sep 12 18:35:31 2013
Erase R-2.14.1-1.fc16.x86_64 ?
Erase R-core-2.14.1-1.fc16.x86_64 ?
Erase R-devel-2.14.1-1.fc16.x86_64 ?
Erase a2ps-4.14-12.fc15.x86_64 ?
Erase docbook-utils-pdf-0.6.14-29.fc16.noarch ?
Erase html2ps-1.0-0.7.b7.fc15.noarch ?
Erase jadetex-3.13-10.fc15.noarch ?
Erase kile-2.1.1-1.fc16.x86_64 ?
Erase linuxdoc-tools-0.9.66-9.fc15.x86_64 ?
Erase tetex-dvipost-1.1-12.fc15.x86_64 ?
Erase tex-cm-lgc-0.5-18.fc15.noarch ?
Erase tex-preview-11.86-6.fc16.noarch ?
Erase texinfo-tex-4.13a-15.fc15.x86_64 ?
Erase texlive-2007-66.fc16.x86_64 ?
Erase texlive-dvips-2007-66.fc16.x86_64 ?
Erase texlive-latex-2007-66.fc16.x86_64 ?
Erase texlive-texmf-2007-40.fc16.noarch ?
Erase texlive-texmf-dvips-2007-40.fc16.noarch ?
Erase texlive-texmf-fonts-2007-40.fc16.noarch ?
Erase texlive-texmf-latex-2007-40.fc16.noarch ?
Erase texlive-utils-2007-66.fc16.x86_64 ?
Erase texmaker-1:3.2.2-1.fc16.x86_64 ?
Erase texmf-RR-Inria-4.11-inria.0.noarch ?
Erase xdvik-22.84.14-9.fc15.x86_64 ?
Error: No package(s) available to install
答案1
嗯，我认为您为 F16 使用的 URL 是错误的。正确的 URL 是：
http://jnovy.fedorapeople.org/texlive/2011/packages.fc16/
否则，您可以使用yum history和选项撤消 yum 操作undo，或者rollback
有关更多详细信息，您可以参考手册页和此处：
答案2
虽然 f16 副本已 EoL，但这对所有版本都适用：
如果需要声明版本使用（使用 yum 或 dnf ）：
1）–releasever=## 即 –releasever=20 或 21
2）在 /etc/yum.conf （或 /etc/dnf.conf）中：
hold=foo.$arch 即 texlive.fc16.x86_64
或者
exclude=foo.$arch 按照与上述相同的程序进行保存