我们目前通过 Web UI 手动访问第三方的 axway sftp 服务器，并希望设置无密码登录以允许自动下载。
我已确保 authorized_keys 文件位于正确的路径中，具有正确的权限和正确的格式。现在文件中有三个密钥；一个用于 rsa、dsa 和 ecdsa。似乎都不起作用。
我们只有 sftp 访问权限；没有 ssh。
由于第三方是一家跨国蓝筹公司，技术查询的周转时间较慢，因此我希望能够首先提出准确的请求。
以下是 -vvv 的输出：
kevin@ubuntu:~/.ssh$ sftp -vvv <SERVER NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT THE INNOCENT>
OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1.1, OpenSSL 1.0.1 14 Mar 2012
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 55: Applying options for <SERVER NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT THE INNOCENT>
debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0
debug1: Connecting to <SERVER NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT THE INNOCENT> [nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn] port 2222.
debug1: Connection established.
debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier
debug3: Could not load "/home/kevin/.ssh/id_rsa" as a RSA1 public key
debug1: identity file /home/kevin/.ssh/id_rsa type 1
debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048
debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048
debug1: identity file /home/kevin/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier
debug3: Could not load "/home/kevin/.ssh/id_dsa" as a RSA1 public key
debug1: identity file /home/kevin/.ssh/id_dsa type 2
debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.DSA-1024
debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.DSA-1024
debug1: identity file /home/kevin/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier
debug3: Could not load "/home/kevin/.ssh/id_ecdsa" as a RSA1 public key
debug1: identity file /home/kevin/.ssh/id_ecdsa type 3
debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.ECDSA-256
debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.ECDSA-256
debug1: identity file /home/kevin/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version SSHD
debug1: no match: SSHD
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1.1
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug3: put_host_port: [<SERVER NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT THE INNOCENT>]:2222
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "[<SERVER NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT THE INNOCENT>]:2222" from file "/home/kevin/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /home/kevin/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-dss
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-256-96,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-512-96,hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-sha1,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96,hmac-sha256,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-sha1,hmac-md5,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96,hmac-sha256,[email protected]
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit:
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0
debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5
debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP
debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 129/256
debug2: bits set: 513/1024
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: RSA nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn:nn
debug3: put_host_port: [nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn]:2222
debug3: put_host_port: [<SERVER NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT THE INNOCENT>]:2222
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "[<SERVER NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT THE INNOCENT>]:2222" from file "/home/kevin/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /home/kevin/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "[nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn]:2222" from file "/home/kevin/.ssh/known_hosts"
debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /home/kevin/.ssh/known_hosts:2
debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys
debug1: Host '[<SERVER NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT THE INNOCENT>]:2222' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/kevin/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug2: bits set: 524/1024
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug2: kex_derive_keys
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: Roaming not allowed by server
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug2: key: /home/kevin/.ssh/id_dsa (0x7f221aa9f240)
debug2: key: /home/kevin/.ssh/id_rsa (0x7f221aa9f200)
debug2: key: /home/kevin/.ssh/id_ecdsa (0x7f221aaa09d0)
debug1: Authentications that can continue: password,publickey,keyboard-interactive
debug3: start over, passed a different list password,publickey,keyboard-interactive
debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering DSA public key: /home/kevin/.ssh/id_dsa
debug3: send_pubkey_test
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: password,publickey,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/kevin/.ssh/id_rsa
debug3: send_pubkey_test
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: password,publickey,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Offering ECDSA public key: /home/kevin/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug3: send_pubkey_test
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: password,publickey,keyboard-interactive
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug3: authmethod_lookup keyboard-interactive
debug3: remaining preferred: password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled keyboard-interactive
debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive
debug2: userauth_kbdint
debug2: we sent a keyboard-interactive packet, wait for reply
debug2: input_userauth_info_req
Password Authentication
debug2: input_userauth_info_req: num_prompts 1
Password:
authorized_key文件包含：
ssh-dss AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAACBA ... SQx9wCtDG8R3== kevin@ubuntu
ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAAE2VjZHNhLXN ... pbrwdxE= kevin@ubuntu
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1 ... E5siYjCX3/b8qNjuGzPQoBRX kevin@ubuntu
（我最终得到了三个密钥，因为调试输出显示 sftp 正在尝试所有三种类型）
这显示了远程服务器上文件的访问权限：
sftp> ls -la
drwxr-x--- 1 1000025 1000025 4096 Dec 08 21:50 .
drwxr-x--- 1 1000025 1000025 4096 Dec 08 21:50 ..
drw------- 1 1000025 1000025 4096 Dec 08 02:03 .ssh
[snip]
sftp> cd .ssh
sftp> ls -la
drw------- 1 1000025 1000025 4096 Dec 08 02:03 .
drw------- 1 1000025 1000025 4096 Dec 08 02:03 ..
-r-------- 1 1000025 1000025 1170 Dec 08 02:03 authorized_keys
我的怀疑是：
- 他们已经禁用无密码访问，在这种情况下上述是否是预期的输出？
- 我在 authorized_keys 文件中没有使用正确的用户名
- 完全不同的东西
真的很感谢在这件事上得到一些帮助，因为它已经浪费了大量的时间。
答案1
authorized_key 文件不相关，因为它包含允许登录到您的 PC 的公钥。您应该向远程系统提供生成的公钥/私钥对的私钥，以允许您连接到远程系统。
换句话说，您应该发出以下命令：
ssh me@remote_server -p 2222 -i .ssh/private_key_for_the_remote_server