我有一个 kali linux 系统（VM），我向其中添加了 realtek 无线适配器，并且检测为无线接口
ip address
[...]
3: wlan0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:e0:4c:14:5b:be brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
uname -a
Linux kali 4.17.0-kali3-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.17.17-1kali1 (2018-08-21) x86_64 GNU/Linux
iwconfig
wlan0 unassociated Nickname:"<WIFI@REALTEK>"
Mode:Managed Frequency=2.412 GHz Access Point: Not-Associated
Sensitivity:0/0
Retry:off RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Encryption key:off
Power Management:off
Link Quality=0/100 Signal level=0 dBm Noise level=0 dBm
Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0
Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0
当我尝试使用以下命令查看可用网络时，它偶尔会显示 SSID
nmcli device wifi list
* SSID MODE CHAN RATE SIGNAL BARS SECURITY
nmcli device wifi list
* SSID MODE CHAN RATE SIGNAL BARS SECURITY
praveen-IAP Infra 149 54 Mbit/s 92 ▂▄▆█ WEP
Yoda-d21f-G1-Guest Infra 149 35 Mbit/s 92 ▂▄▆█
vin_guest Infra 149 35 Mbit/s 92 ▂▄▆█
clarityCP Infra 149 12 Mbit/s 92 ▂▄▆█
[....]
nmcli device wifi list
* SSID MODE CHAN RATE SIGNAL BARS SECURITY
当我尝试使用 wpa_supplicant 时，出现以下错误
root@kali:~/wpa3# ./wpa_supplicant -iwlan0 -c sandeep-wpa3-sae.conf -ddd
wpa_supplicant v2.7-devel-hostap_2_6-1842-gfa617ee+
random: Trying to read entropy from /dev/random
Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant
Initializing interface 'wlan0' conf 'sandeep-wpa3-sae.conf' driver 'default' ctrl_interface 'N/A' bridge 'N/A'
Configuration file 'sandeep-wpa3-sae.conf' -> '/root/wpa3/sandeep-wpa3-sae.conf'
Reading configuration file '/root/wpa3/sandeep-wpa3-sae.conf'
ctrl_interface='DIR=/run/wpa_supplicant'
update_config=1
Line: 3 - start of a new network block
key_mgmt: 0x400
ssid - hexdump_ascii(len=8):
54 65 73 74 57 50 41 33 TestWPA3
PSK (ASCII passphrase) - hexdump_ascii(len=8): [REMOVED]
pairwise: 0x10
ieee80211w=1 (0x1)
PSK (from passphrase) - hexdump(len=32): [REMOVED]
Priority group 0
id=0 ssid='TestWPA3'
nl80211: Driver does not support authentication/association or connect commands
nl80211: deinit ifname=wlan0 disabled_11b_rates=0
nl80211: Remove monitor interface: refcount=0
netlink: Operstate: ifindex=3 linkmode=0 (kernel-control), operstate=6 (IF_OPER_UP)
nl80211: Set mode ifindex 3 iftype 2 (STATION)
nl80211: Failed to set interface 3 to mode 2: -19 (No such device)
wlan0: Failed to initialize driver interface
Failed to add interface wlan0
wlan0: Cancelling scan request
wlan0: Cancelling authentication timeout
lsusb -v输出
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0bda:a811 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
Device Descriptor:
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 2.10
bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level)
bDeviceSubClass 0
bDeviceProtocol 0
bMaxPacketSize0 64
idVendor 0x0bda Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
idProduct 0xa811
bcdDevice 2.00
iManufacturer 1 Realtek
iProduct 2 802.11ac WLAN Adapter
iSerial 3 00e04c000001
bNumConfigurations 1
Configuration Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 2
wTotalLength 60
bNumInterfaces 1
bConfigurationValue 1
iConfiguration 0
bmAttributes 0xe0
Self Powered
Remote Wakeup
MaxPower 500mA
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 0
bAlternateSetting 0
bNumEndpoints 6
bInterfaceClass 255 Vendor Specific Class
bInterfaceSubClass 255 Vendor Specific Subclass
bInterfaceProtocol 255 Vendor Specific Protocol
iInterface 2 802.11ac WLAN Adapter
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x84 EP 4 IN
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x05 EP 5 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x06 EP 6 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x87 EP 7 IN
bmAttributes 3
Transfer Type Interrupt
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0040 1x 64 bytes
bInterval 3
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x08 EP 8 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x09 EP 9 OUT
bmAttributes 2
Transfer Type Bulk
Synch Type None
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes
bInterval 0
Binary Object Store Descriptor:
bLength 5
bDescriptorType 15
wTotalLength 12
bNumDeviceCaps 1
USB 2.0 Extension Device Capability:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 16
bDevCapabilityType 2
bmAttributes 0x00000002
Link Power Management (LPM) Supported
Device Status: 0x0001
Self Powered