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用点完成每行中的字符数

tag-icon • tag-icon bash
用点完成每行中的字符数

我想知道如何计算文本中每一行的字符数，然后从阈值中减去这个数字表示每行允许的最大字符数，然后我想填补最大字符数和带点的字符数。例如：

Unix was 
originally meant 
to be a 
co
nvenient p
latform for progra
mmers developing software to
 be run on it and on other 
systems, rather than for non-
programmers.
[7][8] The system grew larger
 as the operating system star
ted spreading in a
cademic circ
les, as users add
ed their own tools to th
e system and shared them wi
th colleagues.

第 11 行中所有行的最大字符数为 /31/。我希望通过用点填充空白来将每行中的字符数设置为 /31/，如下所示：

Unix was , .....................
originally meant , .............
to be a , ......................
co, ............................
nvenient p, ....................
latform for progra, ............
mmers developing software to, ..
be run on it and on other , ....
systems, rather than for non-,..
programmers., ..................
[7][8] The system grew larger,..
as the operating system star, ..
ted spreading in a, ............
cademic circ, ..................
les, as users add, .............
ed their own tools to th, ......
e system and shared them wi, ...
th colleagues., ................

我怎样才能做到这一点bash？

答案1

对于文本处理任务，我建议使用 Awk 或 Perl 之类的东西来代替bash例如

perl -lnE '
  push @a, $_; $max = length $_ > $max ? length $_ : $max 
  }{ 
  foreach $x (@a) {say $x, ", ", "."x($max - length $x)}
' file
Unix was , ....................
originally meant , ............
to be a , .....................
co, ...........................
nvenient p, ...................
latform for progra, ...........
mmers developing software to, .
 be run on it and on other , ..
systems, rather than for non-, 
programmers., .................
[7][8] The system grew larger, 
 as the operating system star, 
ted spreading in a, ...........
cademic circ, .................
les, as users add, ............
ed their own tools to th, .....
e system and shared them wi, ..
th colleagues., ...............

答案2

试试这个代码：

#!/bin/bash
 # This loop is to count the number of bytes per line, then it will find the max number of bytes over all the lines
max=$(cat datafile| while IFS=" " read line; do echo "${line}" | wc -c; done | sort -k 1.1n | tail -n1)

cat datafile| while IFS=" " read line; do 
# Count of bytes in every line
n=$(echo "${line}" | wc -c)     

# bytes difference in every line
diff=$(echo $((${max}-${n})))  

# complete the number of bytes per line to the max number of bytes over all the lines.
dash=$(printf %"${diff}"s | tr " " ".")

# print results
echo ${line},${dash}
done

输出：

Unix was,.....................
originally meant,.............
to be a,......................
co,...........................
nvenient p,...................
latform for progra,...........
mmers developing software to,.
be run on it and on other,....
systems, rather than for non-,
programmers.,.................
[7][8] The system grew larger,
as the operating system star,.
ted spreading in a,...........
cademic circ,.................
les, as users add,............
ed their own tools to th,.....
e system and shared them wi,..
th colleagues.,...............

答案3

另一种方法是在每行末尾添加点并剪掉前 31 个字符。

sed "s/$/,$(printf '%.1s' .{1..31})/" infile | cut -c-31

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